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Cataracts

Última revisão: 13 Feb 2025
Última atualização: 22 Nov 2024

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • subjective decrease in vision
  • blurred or cloudy vision
  • glare
  • washed-out color vision
  • reduced visual acuity
  • blunted red reflex
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • inadequate glasses prescription
  • disruption of activities of daily living
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • age >60 years
  • female sex
  • smoking
  • long-term UV exposure
  • diabetes mellitus
  • eye trauma
  • long-term corticosteroid use
  • family history of congenital cataract or congenital influences (e.g., toxins)
  • uveitis
  • myopia
  • other metabolic or hereditary conditions
  • exposure to ionizing radiation
  • high body mass index (BMI)
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • dilated fundus exam
  • measurement of intraocular pressure
  • glare vision test
  • slit lamp exam of the anterior chamber
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • assessment of best visual potential
  • B-scan ultrasonography
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

AGUDA

cataract without concomitant eye pathology

cataract with concomitant eye pathology

CONTÍNUA

postsurgical opacification of the posterior capsule + significant visual impairment

Colaboradores

Autores

Robert T. Chang, MD

Associate Professor of Ophthalmology

Byers Eye Institute

Stanford University School of Medicine

Stanford

CA

Declarações

RTC declares that he is an ad hoc consulting advisory for Alcon, which makes cataract equipment.

Agradecimentos

Dr Robert T. Chang would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Creig Hoyt, Dr Leela V. Raju, and Dr M. Bowes Hamill, previous contributors to this topic.

Declarações

CH, LVR, and MBH declare that they have no competing interests.

Revisores

Michael P. Ehrenhaus, MD

Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology

Cornea External Disease and Refractive Surgery Local Director

Long Island College Hospital Eye Center

Brooklyn

NY

Declarações

MPE declares that he has no competing interests.

Parwez Hossain, PhD, FRC Ophth, FRCS(Ed)

Associate Professor/Consultant in Ophthalmology

University of Southampton

Southampton

UK

Declarações

PH declares that he has no competing interests.

Bob Avery, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor

Ophthalmology

University of New Mexico Medical School

Albuquerque

NM

Declarações

BA declares that he has no competing interests.

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