Amyloidosis

References

Key articles

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: systemic light chain amyloidosis [internet publication].Full text

Dispenzieri A, Kyle R, Merlini G, et al. International Myeloma Working Group guidelines for serum-free light chain analysis in multiple myeloma and related disorders. Leukemia. 2009 Feb;23(2):215-24. Abstract

Gillmore JD, Wechalekar A, Bird J, et al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and investigation of AL amyloidosis. Br J Haematol. 2015 Jan;168(2):207-18.Full text  Abstract

Dispenzieri A, Buadi F, Kumar SK, et al. Treatment of immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: Mayo stratification of myeloma and risk-adapted therapy (mSMART) consensus statement. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015 Aug;90(8):1054-81.Full text  Abstract

Adams D, Suhr OB, Hund E, et al. First European consensus for diagnosis, management, and treatment of transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Curr Opin Neurol. 2016 Feb;29(suppl 1):S14-26.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

1. Gertz MA, Comenzo R, Falk RH, et al. Definition of organ involvement and treatment response in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL): a consensus opinion from the 10th International Symposium on Amyloid and Amyloidosis, Tours, France, 18-22 April 2004. Am J Hematol. 2005 Aug;79(4):319-28. Abstract

2. International Myeloma Working Group. Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders: a report of the International Myeloma Working Group. Br J Haematol. 2003 Jun;121(5):749-57. Abstract

3. Buxbaum JN, Dispenzieri A, Eisenberg DS, et al. Amyloid nomenclature 2022: update, novel proteins, and recommendations by the International Society of Amyloidosis (ISA) Nomenclature Committee. Amyloid. 2022 Dec;29(4):213-9.Full text  Abstract

4. Kumar N, Zhang NJ, Cherepanov D, et al. Global epidemiology of amyloid light-chain amyloidosis. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2022 Jul 19;17(1):278.Full text  Abstract

5. Quock TP, Yan T, Chang E, et al. Epidemiology of AL amyloidosis: a real-world study using US claims data. Blood Adv. 2018 May 22;2(10):1046-53.Full text  Abstract

6. Bergesio F, Ciciani AM, Santostefano M, et al. Renal involvement in systemic amyloidosis - an Italian retrospective study on epidemiological and clinical data at diagnosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007 Jun;22(6):1608-18. Abstract

7. Staron A, Connors LH, Zheng L, et al. Race/ethnicity in systemic AL amyloidosis: perspectives on disease and outcome disparities. Blood Cancer J. 2020 Nov 10;10(11):118.Full text  Abstract

8. National Cancer Institute: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Cancer stat facts: myeloma [internet publication].Full text

9. Wadhera RK, Rajkumar SV. Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010 Oct;85(10):933-42. Abstract

10. Landgren O, Weiss BM. Patterns of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and multiple myeloma in various ethnic/racial groups: support for genetic factors in pathogenesis. Leukemia. 2009 Oct;23(10):1691-7.Full text  Abstract

11. Hazenberg BP, van Rijswijk MH. Where has secondary amyloid gone? Ann Rheum Dis. 2000 Aug;59(8):577-9.Full text  Abstract

12. Lachmann HJ, Goodman HJB, Gilbertson JA, et al. Natural history and outcome in systemic AA amyloidosis. N Engl J Med. 2007 Jun 7;356(23):2361-71.Full text  Abstract

13. Lane T, Pinney JH, Gilbertson JA, et al. Changing epidemiology of AA amyloidosis: clinical observations over 25 years at a single national referral centre. Amyloid. 2017 Sep;24(3):162-6. Abstract

14. Pinney JH, Smith CJ, Taube JB, et al. Systemic amyloidosis in England: an epidemiological study. Br J Haematol. 2013 May;161(4):525-32.Full text  Abstract

15. Wechalekar AD, Gillmore JD, Hawkins PN. Systemic amyloidosis. Lancet. 2016 Jun 25;387(10038):2641-54. Abstract

16. Rajkumar SV, Gertz MA, Kyle RA. Primary systemic amyloidosis with delayed progression to multiple myeloma. Cancer. 1998 Apr 15;82(8):1501-5.Full text  Abstract

17. Kourelis TV, Kumar SK, Gertz MA, et al. Coexistent multiple myeloma or increased bone marrow plasma cells define equally high-risk populations in patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Dec 1;31(34):4319-24.Full text  Abstract

18. Fayand A, Boutboul D, Galicier L, et al. Epidemiology of Castleman disease associated with AA amyloidosis: description of 2 new cases and literature review. Amyloid. 2019 Dec;26(4):197-202. Abstract

19. Bernabei L, Waxman A, Caponetti G, et al. AA amyloidosis associated with Castleman disease: a case report and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Feb;99(6):e18978.Full text  Abstract

20. Lachmann HJ. Periodic fever syndromes. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2017 Aug;31(4):596-609. Abstract

21. Delaleu J, Deshayes S, Rodrigues F, et al. Tumour necrosis factor receptor-1 associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS)-related AA amyloidosis: a national case series and systematic review. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021 Dec 1;60(12):5775-84.Full text  Abstract

22. Rodrigues F, Cuisset L, Cador-Rousseau B, et al. AA amyloidosis complicating cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome: a study of 86 cases including 23 French patients and systematic review. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022 Nov 28;61(12):4827-34. Abstract

23. Lachmann HJ, Goodman HJ, Andrews PA, et al. AA amyloidosis complicating hyperimmunoglobulinemia D with periodic fever syndrome: a report of two cases. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Jun;54(6):2010-4.Full text  Abstract

24. Larsen CP, Ismail W, Kurtin PJ, et al. Leukocyte chemotactic factor 2 amyloidosis (ALECT2) is a common form of renal amyloidosis among Egyptians. Mod Pathol. 2016 Apr;29(4):416-20.Full text  Abstract

25. Comenzo RL, Zhou P, Fleisher M, et al. Seeking confidence in the diagnosis of systemic AL (Ig light-chain) amyloidosis: patients can have both monoclonal gammopathies and hereditary amyloid proteins. Blood. 2006 May 1;107(9):3489-91.Full text  Abstract

26. Lachmann HJ, Booth DR, Booth SE, et al. Misdiagnosis of hereditary amyloidosis as AL (primary) amyloidosis. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jun 6;346(23):1786-91.Full text  Abstract

27. Merlini G, Dispenzieri A, Sanchorawala V, et al. Systemic immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018 Oct 25;4(1):38. Abstract

28. Pozzi C, Locatelli F. Kidney and liver involvement in monoclonal light chain disorders. Semin Nephrol. 2002 Jul;22(4):319-30. Abstract

29. Randles EG, Thompson JR, Martin DJ, et al. Structural alterations within native amyloidogenic immunoglobulin light chains. J Mol Biol. 2009 May 29;389(1):199-210.Full text  Abstract

30. Gu M, Wilton R, Stevens FJ. Diversity and diversification of light chains in myeloma: the specter of amyloidogenesis by proxy. Contrib Nephrol. 2007;153:156-81. Abstract

31. Comenzo RL, Zhang Y, Martinez C, et al. The tropism of organ involvement in primary systemic amyloidosis: contributions of Ig V(L) germ line gene use and clonal plasma cell burden. Blood. 2001 Aug 1;98(3):714-20.Full text  Abstract

32. Gertz MA, Leung N, Lacy MQ, et al. Clinical outcome of immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis affecting the kidney. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009 Oct;24(10):3132-7.Full text  Abstract

33. Merlini G, Pozzi C. Mechanisms of renal damage in plasma cell dyscrasias: an overview. Contrib Nephrol. 2007;153:66-86. Abstract

34. Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Dispenzieri A, et al. Amyloidosis: diagnosis and management. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma. 2005 Nov;6(3):208-19. Abstract

35. Shah KB, Inoue Y, Mehra MR. Amyloidosis and the heart: a comprehensive review. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Sep 25;166(17):1805-13.Full text  Abstract

36. Muchtar E, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, et al. Ten-year survivors in AL amyloidosis: characteristics and treatment pattern. Br J Haematol. 2019 Dec;187(5):588-94.Full text  Abstract

37. Martinez-Naharro A, Hawkins PN, Fontana M. Cardiac amyloidosis. Clin Med (Lond). 2018 Apr 1;18(suppl 2):s30-s35.Full text  Abstract

38. Falk RH, Alexander KM, Liao R, et al. AL (Light-Chain) Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Review of Diagnosis and Therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Sep 20;68(12):1323-41.Full text  Abstract

39. Perugini E, Rapezzi C, Reggiani LB, et al. Comparison of ventricular long-axis function in patients with cardiac amyloidosis versus idiopathic restrictive cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 2005 Jan 1;95(1):146-9. Abstract

40. Palladini G, Merlini G. What is new in diagnosis and management of light chain amyloidosis? Blood. 2016 Jul 14;128(2):159-68.Full text  Abstract

41. Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Dispenzieri A, et al. Amyloidosis. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2005;18(4):709-27. Abstract

42. Freeman R. Autonomic peripheral neuropathy. Lancet. 2005 Apr 2-8;365(9466):1259-70. Abstract

43. Siddiqi OK, Ruberg FL. Cardiac amyloidosis: an update on pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2018 Jan;28(1):10-21. Abstract

44. Kittleson MM, Maurer MS, Ambardekar AV, et al. Cardiac amyloidosis: evolving diagnosis and management: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020 Jul 7;142(1):e7-22.Full text  Abstract

45. Grogan M, Scott CG, Kyle RA, et al. Natural History of Wild-Type Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis and Risk Stratification Using a Novel Staging System. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Sep 6;68(10):1014-20.Full text  Abstract

46. Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Rajkumar SV, et al. A long-term study of prognosis in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. N Engl J Med. 2002 Feb 21;346(8):564-9.Full text  Abstract

47. Papa R, Lachmann HJ. Secondary, AA, amyloidosis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2018 Nov;44(4):585-603. Abstract

48. Palladini G, Milani P, Merlini G. Management of AL amyloidosis in 2020. Blood. 2020 Dec 3;136(23):2620-7.Full text  Abstract

49. Muchtar E, Gertz MA, Kumar SK, et al. Improved outcomes for newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis between 2000 and 2014: cracking the glass ceiling of early death. Blood. 2017 Apr 13;129(15):2111-2119.Full text  Abstract

50. Neben-Wittich MA, Wittich CM, Mueller PS, et al. Obstructive intramural coronary amyloidosis and myocardial ischemia are common in primary amyloidosis. Am J Med. 2005 Nov;118(11):1287. Abstract

51. Conceição I, González-Duarte A, Obici L, Schmidt HH, Simoneau D, Ong ML, Amass L. "Red-flag" symptom clusters in transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2016 Mar;21(1):5-9.Full text  Abstract

52. Planté-Bordeneuve V, Said G. Familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Lancet Neurol. 2011 Dec;10(12):1086-97. Abstract

53. Kaku M, Berk JL. Neuropathy associated with systemic amyloidosis. Semin Neurol. 2019 Oct;39(5):578-88. Abstract

54. Gonzalez-Duarte A, Valdés-Ferrer SI, Cantú-Brito C. Characteristics and natural history of autonomic involvement in hereditary ATTR amyloidosis: a systematic review. Clin Auton Res. 2019 Sep;29(suppl 1):1-9.Full text  Abstract

55. Vaxman I, Gertz M. When to suspect a diagnosis of amyloidosis. Acta Haematol. 2020;143(4):304-11.Full text  Abstract

56. Kapoor M, Rossor AM, Jaunmuktane Z, et al. Diagnosis of amyloid neuropathy. Pract Neurol. 2019 Jun;19(3):250-8. Abstract

57. Kyle RA, Gertz MA. Primary systemic amyloidosis: clinical and laboratory features in 474 cases. Semin Hematol. 1995 Jan;32(1):45-59. Abstract

58. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: systemic light chain amyloidosis [internet publication].Full text

59. Dispenzieri A, Kyle R, Merlini G, et al. International Myeloma Working Group guidelines for serum-free light chain analysis in multiple myeloma and related disorders. Leukemia. 2009 Feb;23(2):215-24. Abstract

60. Katzmann JA, Abraham RS, Dispenzieri A, et al. Diagnostic performance of quantitative kappa and lambda free light chain assays in clinical practice. Clin Chem. 2005 May;51(5):878-81.Full text  Abstract

61. Morris KL, Tate JR, Gill D, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic utility of the serum free light chain assay in patients with AL amyloidosis. Intern Med J. 2007 Jul;37(7):456-63. Abstract

62. Gillmore JD, Reilly MM, Coats CJ, et al. Clinical and genetic evaluation of people with or at risk of hereditary ATTR amyloidosis: an expert opinion and consensus on best practice in Ireland and the UK. Adv Ther. 2022 Jun;39(6):2292-301.Full text  Abstract

63. Conceição I, Damy T, Romero M, et al. Early diagnosis of ATTR amyloidosis through targeted follow-up of identified carriers of TTR gene mutations. Amyloid. 2019 Mar;26(1):3-9.Full text  Abstract

64. Gertz MA. The classification and typing of amyloid deposits. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004 Jun;121(6):787-9. Abstract

65. Gillmore JD, Wechalekar A, Bird J, et al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and investigation of AL amyloidosis. Br J Haematol. 2015 Jan;168(2):207-18.Full text  Abstract

66. Hawkins PN, Lavender JP, Pepys MB. Evaluation of systemic amyloidosis by scintigraphy with 123I-labeled serum amyloid P component. N Engl J Med. 1990 Aug 23;323(8):508-13.Full text  Abstract

67. Dorbala S, Ando Y, Bokhari S, et al. ASNC/AHA/ASE/EANM/HFSA/ISA/SCMR/SNMMI expert consensus recommendations for multimodality imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: part 1 of 2-evidence base and standardized methods of imaging. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021 Jul;14(7):e000029.Full text  Abstract

68. Tuzovic M, Yang EH, Baas AS, et al. Cardiac amyloidosis: diagnosis and treatment strategies. Curr Oncol Rep. 2017 Jul;19(7):46. Abstract

69. Gertz M, Adams D, Ando Y, et al. Avoiding misdiagnosis: expert consensus recommendations for the suspicion and diagnosis of transthyretin amyloidosis for the general practitioner. BMC Fam Pract. 2020 Sep 23;21(1):198.Full text  Abstract

70. Gillmore JD, Maurer MS, Falk RH, et al. Nonbiopsy diagnosis of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis. Circulation. 2016 Jun 14;133(24):2404-12.Full text  Abstract

71. Castano A, Haq M, Narotsky DL, et al. Multicenter study of planar technetium 99m pyrophosphate cardiac imaging: predicting survival for patients with ATTR cardiac amyloidosis. JAMA Cardiol. 2016 Nov 1;1(8):880-9.Full text  Abstract

72. Dispenzieri A, Kyle RA, Gertz MA, et al. Survival in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis and raised serum cardiac troponins. Lancet. 2003 May 24;361(9371):1787-9. Abstract

73. Palladini G, Campana C, Klersy C, et al. Serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide is a sensitive marker of myocardial dysfunction in AL amyloidosis. Circulation. 2003 May 20;107(19):2440-5.Full text  Abstract

74. Zerbini CA, Anderson JJ, Kane KA, et al. Beta 2 microglobulin serum levels and prediction of survival in AL amyloidosis. Amyloid. 2002 Dec;9(4):242-6. Abstract

75. Palladini G, Russo P, Bosoni T, et al. Identification of amyloidogenic light chains requires the combination of serum-free light chain assay with immunofixation of serum and urine. Clin Chem. 2009 Mar;55(3):499-504.Full text  Abstract

76. Koyama J, Ray-Sequin PA, Falk RH. Longitudinal myocardial function assessed by tissue velocity, strain, and strain rate tissue Doppler echocardiography in patients with AL (primary) cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation. 2003 May 20;107(19):2446-52.Full text  Abstract

77. Weidemann F, Strotmann JM. Use of tissue Doppler imaging to identify and manage systemic diseases. Clin Res Cardiol. 2008 Feb;97(2):65-73. Abstract

78. Dispenzieri A, Gertz MA, Kyle RA, et al. Serum cardiac troponins and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide: a staging system for primary systemic amyloidosis. J Clin Oncol. 2004 Sep 15;22(18):3751-7. Abstract

79. Kumar S, Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, et al. Revised prognostic staging system for light chain amyloidosis incorporating cardiac biomarkers and serum free light chain measurements. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Mar 20;30(9):989-95. Abstract

80. Wechalekar AD, Schonland SO, Kastritis E, et al. A European collaborative study of treatment outcomes in 346 patients with cardiac stage III AL amyloidosis. Blood. 2013 Apr 25;121(17):3420-7.Full text  Abstract

81. Palladini G, Dispenzieri A, Gertz MA, et al. New criteria for response to treatment in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis based on free light chain measurement and cardiac biomarkers: impact on survival outcomes. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Dec 20;30(36):4541-9.Full text  Abstract

82. Dispenzieri A, Buadi F, Kumar SK, et al. Treatment of immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: Mayo stratification of myeloma and risk-adapted therapy (mSMART) consensus statement. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015 Aug;90(8):1054-81.Full text  Abstract

83. mSMART. Mayo consensus on AL amyloidosis: diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Oct 2020 [internet publication].Full text

84. Muchtar E, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, et al. Refining amyloid complete hematological response: Quantitative serum free light chains superior to ratio. Am J Hematol. 2020 Nov;95(11):1280-7. Abstract

85. Dorbala S, Ando Y, Bokhari S, et al. ASNC/AHA/ASE/EANM/HFSA/ISA/SCMR/SNMMI expert consensus recommendations for multimodality imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: part 2 of 2 - diagnostic criteria and appropriate utilization. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021 Jul;14(7):e000030.Full text  Abstract

86. Garcia-Pavia P, Rapezzi C, Adler Y, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of cardiac amyloidosis: a position statement of the ESC working group on myocardial and pericardial diseases. Eur Heart J. 2021 Apr 21;42(16):1554-68.Full text  Abstract

87. Rajkumar SV, Lacy MQ, Kyle RA. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering multiple myeloma. Blood Rev. 2007 Sep;21(5):255-65. Abstract

88. Vaxman I, Gertz M. Recent advances in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of systemic light-chain amyloidosis. Acta Haematol. 2019;141(2):93-106.Full text  Abstract

89. Comenzo RL, Gertz MA. Autologous stem cell transplantation for primary systemic amyloidosis. Blood. 2002 Jun 15;99(12):4276-82.Full text  Abstract

90. Sidiqi MH, Aljama MA, Muchtar E, et al. Autologous stem cell transplant for immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis patients aged 70 to 75. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2018 Oct;24(10):2157-9.Full text  Abstract

91. Jaccard A, Moreau P, Leblond V, et al. High-dose melphalan versus melphalan plus dexamethasone for AL amyloidosis. N Engl J Med. 2007 Sep 13;357(11):1083-93. Abstract

92. Mhaskar R, Kumar A, Behera M, et al. Role of high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in primary systemic amyloidosis: a systematic review. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2009 Aug;15(8):893-902. Abstract

93. D'Souza A, Dispenzieri A, Wirk B, et al. Improved outcomes after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for light chain amyloidosis: a Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research study. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Nov 10;33(32):3741-9.Full text  Abstract

94. Sidiqi MH, Aljama MA, Buadi FK, et al. Stem cell transplantation for light chain amyloidosis: decreased early mortality over time. J Clin Oncol. 2018 May 1;36(13):1323-9.Full text  Abstract

95. Miyazaki K, Suzuki K. Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation versus chemotherapy alone for immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: a retrospective study. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2019 Jul;19(7):413-22. Abstract

96. Oke O, Sethi T, Goodman S, et al. Outcomes from autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation versus chemotherapy alone for the management of light chain amyloidosis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2017 Sep;23(9):1473-7.Full text  Abstract

97. Gertz MA. Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: 2020 update on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Am J Hematol. 2020 Jul;95(7):848-60. Abstract

98. Gustine JN, Staron A, Szalat RE, et al. Predictors of hematologic response and survival with stem cell transplantation in AL amyloidosis: a 25-year longitudinal study. Am J Hematol. 2022 Sep;97(9):1189-99. Abstract

99. Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Dispenzieri A, et al. Transplantation for amyloidosis. Curr Opin Oncol. 2007 Mar;19(2):136-41. Abstract

100. ​National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) [internet publication].Full text

101. Landau H, Smith M, Landry C, et al. Long-term event-free and overall survival after risk-adapted melphalan and SCT for systemic light chain amyloidosis. Leukemia. 2017 Jan;31(1):136-42.Full text  Abstract

102. Scott EC, Heitner SB, Dibb W, et al. Induction bortezomib in Al amyloidosis followed by high dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation: a single institution retrospective study. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2014 Oct;14(5):424-430.e1.Full text  Abstract

103. Sanchorawala V, Brauneis D, Shelton AC, et al. Induction Therapy with Bortezomib Followed by Bortezomib-High Dose Melphalan and Stem Cell Transplantation for Light Chain Amyloidosis: Results of a Prospective Clinical Trial. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2015 Aug;21(8):1445-51.Full text  Abstract

104. Afrough A, Saliba RM, Hamdi A, et al. Impact of Induction Therapy on the Outcome of Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloidosis after Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2018 Nov;24(11):2197-2203.Full text  Abstract

105. Huang X, Wang Q, Chen W, et al. Induction therapy with bortezomib and dexamethasone followed by autologous stem cell transplantation versus autologous stem cell transplantation alone in the treatment of renal AL amyloidosis: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Med. 2014 Jan 6;12:2.Full text  Abstract

106. Cornell RF, Zhong X, Arce-Lara C, et al. Bortezomib-based induction for transplant ineligible AL amyloidosis and feasibility of later transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2015 Jul;50(7):914-7.Full text  Abstract

107. Cohen AD, Zhou P, Chou J, et al. Risk-adapted autologous stem cell transplantation with adjuvant dexamethasone ± thalidomide for systemic light-chain amyloidosis: results of a phase II trial. Br J Haematol. 2007 Oct;139(2):224-33.Full text  Abstract

108. Landau H, Hassoun H, Rosenzweig MA, et al. Bortezomib and dexamethasone consolidation following risk-adapted melphalan and stem cell transplantation for patients with newly diagnosed light-chain amyloidosis. Leukemia. 2013 Apr;27(4):823-8.Full text  Abstract

109. Milani P, Basset M, Nuvolone M, et al. Indicators of profound hematologic response in AL amyloidosis: complete response remains the goal of therapy. Blood Cancer J. 2020 Sep 1;10(8):90.Full text  Abstract

110. Tandon N, Sidana S, Dispenzieri A, et al. Impact of involved free light chain (FLC) levels in patients achieving normal FLC ratio after initial therapy in light chain amyloidosis (AL). Am J Hematol. 2018 Jan;93(1):17-22.Full text  Abstract

111. Muchtar E, Dispenzieri A, Leung N, et al. Optimizing deep response assessment for AL amyloidosis using involved free light chain level at end of therapy: failure of the serum free light chain ratio. Leukemia. 2019 Feb;33(2):527-531.Full text  Abstract

112. Al Saleh AS, Sidiqi MH, Sidana S, et al. Impact of consolidation therapy post autologous stem cell transplant in patients with light chain amyloidosis. Am J Hematol. 2019 Oct;94(10):1066-1071.Full text  Abstract

113. Sanchorawala V, Wright DG, Rosenzweig M, et al. Lenalidomide and dexamethasone in the treatment of AL amyloidosis: results of a phase 2 trial. Blood. 2007 Jan 15;109(2):492-6.Full text  Abstract

114. Specter R, Sanchorawala V, Seldin DC, et al. Kidney dysfunction during lenalidomide treatment for AL amyloidosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011 Mar;26(3):881-6.Full text  Abstract

115. Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, Zeldenrust SR, et al. The activity of lenalidomide with or without dexamethasone in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis. Blood. 2007 Jan 15;109(2):465-70. Abstract

116. Sitia R, Palladini G, Merlini G. Bortezomib in the treatment of AL amyloidosis: targeted therapy? Haematologica. 2007 Oct;92(10):1302-7.Full text  Abstract

117. Kastritis E, Anagnostopoulos A, Roussou M, et al. Treatment of light chain (AL) amyloidosis with the combination of bortezomib and dexamethasone. Haematologica. 2007 Oct;92(10):1351-8. Abstract

118. Comenzo RL, Reece D, Palladini G, et al. Consensus guidelines for the conduct and reporting of clinical trials in systemic light-chain amyloidosis. Leukemia. 2012 Nov;26(11):2317-25. Abstract

119. Gavriatopoulou M, Musto P, Caers J, et al. European myeloma network recommendations on diagnosis and management of patients with rare plasma cell dyscrasias. Leukemia. 2018 Sep;32(9):1883-1898.Full text  Abstract

120. Kastritis E, Leleu X, Arnulf B, et al. Bortezomib, melphalan, and dexamethasone for light-chain amyloidosis. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Oct 1;38(28):3252-60.Full text  Abstract

121. Kastritis E, Palladini G, Minnema MC, et al. Daratumumab-based treatment for immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis. N Engl J Med. 2021 Jul 1;385(1):46-58.Full text  Abstract

122. Palladini G, Russo P, Nuvolone M, et al. Treatment with oral melphalan plus dexamethasone produces long-term remissions in AL amyloidosis. Blood. 2007 Jul 15;110(2):787-8. Abstract

123. Palladini G, Milani P, Foli A, et al. Oral melphalan and dexamethasone grants extended survival with minimal toxicity in AL amyloidosis: long-term results of a risk-adapted approach. Haematologica. 2014 Apr;99(4):743-50.Full text  Abstract

124. Mikhael JR, Schuster SR, Jimenez-Zepeda VH, et al. Cyclophosphamide-bortezomib-dexamethasone (CyBorD) produces rapid and complete hematologic response in patients with AL amyloidosis. Blood. 2012 May 10;119(19):4391-4.Full text  Abstract

125. Venner CP, Lane T, Foard D, et al. Cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone therapy in AL amyloidosis is associated with high clonal response rates and prolonged progression-free survival. Blood. 2012 May 10;119(19):4387-90.Full text  Abstract

126. Jaccard A, Comenzo RL, Hari P, et al. Efficacy of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone in treatment-naïve patients with high-risk cardiac AL amyloidosis (Mayo Clinic stage III). Haematologica. 2014 Sep;99(9):1479-85.Full text  Abstract

127. Palladini G, Sachchithanantham S, Milani P, et al. A European collaborative study of cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in upfront treatment of systemic AL amyloidosis. Blood. 2015 Jul 30;126(5):612-5.Full text  Abstract

128. Manwani R, Cohen O, Sharpley F, et al. A prospective observational study of 915 patients with systemic AL amyloidosis treated with upfront bortezomib. Blood. 2019 Dec 19;134(25):2271-2280.Full text  Abstract

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130. Sanchorawala V, Patel JM, Sloan JM, et al. Melphalan, lenalidomide and dexamethasone for the treatment of immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: results of a phase II trial. Haematologica. 2013 May;98(5):789-92.Full text  Abstract

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