Acanthosis nigricans

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1. Matsuoka LY, Wortsman J, Goldman J. Acanthosis nigricans. Clin Dermatol. 1993 Jan-Mar;11(1):21-5. Abstract

2. Schwartz RA. Acanthosis nigricans. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994 Jul;31(1):1-19. Abstract

3. Curth HO. Classification of acanthosis nigricans. Int J Dermatol. 1976 Oct;15(8):592-3. Abstract

4. Curth HO. Unilateral epidermal nevus resembling acanthosis nigricans. Br J Dermatol. 1976 Oct;95(4):433-6. Abstract

5. Berk DR, Spector EB, Bayliss SJ. Familial acanthosis nigricans due to K650T FGFR3 mutation. Arch Dermatol. 2007 Sep;143(9):1153-6. Abstract

6. Ersoy-Evans S, Sahin S, Mancini AJ, et al. The acanthosis nigricans form of epidermal nevus. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Oct;55(4):696-8. Abstract

7. Brickman WJ, Binns HJ, Jovanovic BD, et al. Acanthosis nigricans: a common finding in overweight youth. Pediatr Dermatol. 2007 Nov-Dec;24(6):601-6. Abstract

8. American Diabetes Association. Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. Diabetes Care. 2000 Mar;23(3):381-9.Full text  Abstract

9. Moore RL, Devere TS. Epidermal manifestations of internal malignancy. Dermatol Clin. 2008 Jan;26(1):17-29. Abstract

10. Curth HO. Cancer associated with acanthosis nigricans: a review of the literature and report of a case of acanthosis nigricans with cancer of the breast. Arch Surg. 1943 Dec;47(6):517-52.

11. Schwartz RA. Acral acanthosis nigricans (acral acanthotic anomaly). J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007 Feb;56(2):349-50. Abstract

12. Rigel DS, Jacobs MI. Malignant acanthosis nigricans: a review. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1980 Nov;6(11):923-7. Abstract

13. Brown J, Winkelmann RK. Acanthosis nigricans: a study of 90 cases. Medicine. 1968 Jan;47(1):33-51. Abstract

14. Ramirez-Amador V, Esquivel-Pedraza L, Caballero-Mendoza E, et al. Oral manifestations as a hallmark of malignant acanthosis nigricans. J Oral Pathol Med. 1999 Jul;28(6):278-81. Abstract

15. Dyrszka H, Sanghavi B, Peddamatham K, et al. Esophageal involvement in acanthosis nigricans. NY State J Med. 1984 May;84(5):256-8. Abstract

16. Yosipovitch G, DeVore A, Dawn A. Obesity and the skin: skin physiology and skin manifestations of obesity. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007 Jun;56(6):901-16. Abstract

17. Phiske MM. An approach to acanthosis nigricans. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2014 Jul;5(3):239-49.Full text  Abstract

18. Kong AS, Williams RL, Smith M, et al. Acanthosis nigricans and diabetes risk factors: prevalence in young persons seen in southwestern US primary care practices. Ann Fam Med. 2007 May-Jun;5(3):202-8.Full text  Abstract

19. Hud JA Jr, Cohen JB, Wagner JM, et al. Prevalence and significance of acanthosis nigricans in an adult obese population. Arch Dermatol. 1992 Jul;128(7):941-4. Abstract

20. Mukhtar Q, Cleverly G, Voorhees RE, et al. Prevalence of acanthosis nigricans and its association with hyperinsulinemia in New Mexico Adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 2001 May;28(5):372-6. Abstract

21. Houpt KR, Cruz PD. Acanthosis nigricans. In: Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, et al, eds, Fitzpatrick's dermatology in general medicine, 6th ed. New York, NY; McGraw Hill: 2003: 1796-1801.

22. Sedano HO, Gorlin RJ. Acanthosis nigricans. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1987 Apr;63(4):462-7. Abstract

23. Torley D, Bellus GA, Munro CS. Genes, growth factors and acanthosis nigricans. Br J Dermatol. 2002 Dec;147(6):1096-101. Abstract

24. Koyama S, Ikeda K, Sato M, et al. Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha)-producing gastric carcinoma with acanthosis nigricans: an endocrine effect of TGF alpha in the pathogenesis of cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome and epithelial hyperplasia of the esophagus. J Gastroenterol. 1997 Feb;32(1):71-7. Abstract

25. Hermanns-Le T, Scheen A, Pierard GE. Acanthosis nigricans associated with insulin resistance: pathophysiology and management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2004;5(3):199-203. Abstract

26. Schwartz RA. Acral acanthosis nigricans (acral acanthotic anomaly). J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007 Feb;56(2):349-50. Abstract

27. Trout CR, Levine N, Chang MW. Disorders of hyperpigmentation. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Rapini RP, eds. Dermatology. 1st ed. Edinburgh: Mosby, 2003: 1000-1001.

28. Kim YC, Davis MD, Schanbacher CF, et al. Dowling-Degos disease (reticulate pigmented anomaly of the flexures): a clinical and histopathologic study of 6 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999 Mar;40(3):462-7. Abstract

29. Pierson D, Bandel C, Ehrig T, et al. Benign epidermal tumors and proliferations. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Rapini RP, eds. Dermatology. 1st ed. Edinburgh: Mosby, 2003: 1717-1718.

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31. Willemze R, Scheffer E, Van Vloten WA. Mycosis fungoides simulating acanthosis nigricans. Am J Dermatopathol. 1985 Aug;7(4):367-71. Abstract

32. Richard G, Ringpfeil F. Ichthyoses, erythrokeratodermas and related disorders. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Rapini RP, eds. Dermatology. 1st ed. Edinburgh: Mosby, 2003: 785-786.

33. Oh JS, Kang, MS, Yu HJ, et al. Familial acanthosis nigricans showing ichthyosiform skin lesions in two sisters. J Dermatol. 2007 Sep;34(9):680-1. Abstract

34. Bossuyt L, Morren M, Degreef H. Transient acanthosis-nigricans-like dermatosis in re-epithelializing lesions of pemphigus foliaceus. Dermatology. 1992;185(4):309-10. Abstract

35. Usui K, Kondo A, Nakagawa H. Pemphigus vulgaris associated with transient acanthosis nigricans like lesion. J Dermatol. 1998 Aug;25(8):550-2. Abstract

36. Romo A, Benavides S. Treatment options in insulin resistance obesity-related acanthosis nigricans. Ann Pharmacother. 2008 Jul;42(7):1090-4. Abstract

37. Rosenbach A, Ram R. Treatment of Acanthosis nigricans of the axillae using a long-pulsed (5-msec) alexandrite laser. Dermatol Surg. 2004 Aug;30(8):1158-60. Abstract

38. Bredlich RO, Krahn G, Kunzi-Rapp K, et al. Continuous-wave carbon dioxide laser therapy in pseudoacanthosis nigricans. Br J Dermatol. 1998 Nov;139(5):937-8. Abstract

39. Rosenbach A, Ram R. Treatment of Acanthosis nigricans of the axillae using a long-pulsed (5-msec) alexandrite laser. Dermatol Surg. 2004 Aug;30(8):1158-60. Abstract

40. Bredlich RO, Krahn G, Kunzi-Rapp K, et al. Continuous-wave carbon dioxide laser therapy in pseudoacanthosis nigricans. Br J Dermatol. 1998 Nov;139(5):937-8. Abstract

41. Wedge CC, Rootman DS, Hunter W, et al. Malignant acanthosis nigricans. A case report. Ophthalmology. 1993 Oct;100(10):1590-2. Abstract

42. Blobstein SH. Topical therapy with tretinoin and ammonium lactate for acanthosis nigricans associated with obesity. Cutis. 2003 Jan;71(1):33-4. Abstract

43. Omar HA, Logsdon S, Richards J. Clinical profiles, occurrence, and management of adolescent patients with HAIR-AN syndrome. ScientificWorldJournal. 2004 Jul 8;4:507-11. Abstract

44. Dai WS, LaBraico JM, Stern RS. Epidemiology of isotretinoin exposure during pregnancy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992 Apr;26(4):599-606. Abstract

45. Lammer EJ, Chen DT, Hoar RM, et al. Retinoic acid embryopathy. N Engl J Med. 1985 Oct 3;313(14):837-411. Abstract

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47. Chan A, Hanna M, Abbott M, et al. Oral retinoids and pregnancy. Med J Aust. 1996 Aug 5;165(3):164-7. Abstract

48. Salpeter SR, Greyber E, Pasternak GA, et al. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Jan 20;(1):CD002967.Full text  Abstract

49. Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, et al. Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centred approach. Update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia. 2015 Jan 13;58(3):429-42.Full text  Abstract

50. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA drug safety communication: FDA revises warnings regarding use of the diabetes medicine metformin in certain patients with reduced kidney function. April 2016 [internet publication].Full text