Summary
Definition
História e exame físico
Principais fatores diagnósticos
- diarrhoea
- frequent belching
Outros fatores diagnósticos
- abdominal bloating and discomfort
- malaise
- weight loss
- nausea and vomiting
Fatores de risco
- contaminated water/food
- domestic animals living in or around the house
- hypogammaglobulinaemia
- young age
- male sex
- day-care centre attendance
- oral-anal sexual contact
- recent antibiotic use
Investigações diagnósticas
Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas
- direct fluorescence antibody (DFA) test
- enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- nucleic acid amplification test, polymerase chain reaction of stool sample
- stool microscopy
- FBC
Investigações a serem consideradas
- Lateral flow immunoassay (e.g., ImmunoCard STAT!)
- duodenal aspirates and biopsies
- string test (EnteroTest)
Algoritmo de tratamento
non-pregnant adult or child
pregnant; first trimester
pregnant; second or third trimester
treatment failure or resistance
Colaboradores
Autores
Luther A. Bartelt, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases
Chapel Hill
NC
Declarações
LAB is reimbursed by UpToDate for authorship. LAB has received funding from the National Institutes of Health. LAB is the author of two articles cited in this topic.
Agradecimentos
Dr Luther Bartelt would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Fida Khan and Dr Musaddiq Waheed, previous contributors to this topic.
Declarações
FK and MW declared that they had no competing interests.
Revisores
Zana Nikolla, MD
Faculty of Medicine
University of Tirana
Tirana
Albania
Declarações
ZN declares that she has no competing interests.
Rodney Adam, MD
Professor of Medicine and Immunobiology
University of Arizona
Tucson
AZ
Declarações
RA declares that he has no competing interests.
Referências
Principais artigos
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC Yellow Book 2024: health information for international travel. Section 5: travel-associated infections & diseases - giardiasis. May 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Giardia: about Giardia infections. May 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo
Shane AL, Mody RK, Crump JA, et al. 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of infectious diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 29;65(12):e45-80.Texto completo Resumo
Artigos de referência
Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Rotavirus or other viral gastroenteritis
- Functional diarrhoea
- Coeliac disease
Mais Diagnósticos diferenciaisDiretrizes
- CDC Yellow Book: health information for international travel - giardiasis
- Infectious diarrhea: guideline for investigation
Mais DiretrizesFolhetos informativos para os pacientes
Diarrhoea in adults
Mais Folhetos informativos para os pacientesConectar-se ou assinar para acessar todo o BMJ Best Practice
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