Diabetic hypoglycemia

Abraham MB, Karges B, Dovc K, et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: assessment and management of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022 Dec;23(8):1322-40.Texto completo  Resumo

Seaquist ER, Anderson J, Childs B, et al. Hypoglycemia and diabetes: a report of a workgroup of the American Diabetes Association and the Endocrine Society. Diabetes Care. 2013 May;36(5):1384-95.Texto completo  Resumo

ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al; American Diabetes Association. 6. Glycemic targets: standards of care in diabetes - 2023. Diabetes Care. 2023 Jan 1;46(1 suppl):S97-110.Texto completo  Resumo

Holt RIG, DeVries JH, Hess-Fischl A, et al. The management of type 1 diabetes in adults. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetologia. 2021 Dec;64(12):2609-52.Texto completo  Resumo

ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al; American Diabetes Association. 15. Management of diabetes in pregnancy: standards of care in diabetes - 2023. Diabetes Care. 2023 Jan 1;46(1 suppl):S254-66.Texto completo  Resumo

Qaseem A, Wilt TJ, Kansagara D, et al. Hemoglobin A1c targets for glycemic control with pharmacologic therapy for nonpregnant adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a guidance statement update from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2018 Apr 17;168(8):569-76.Texto completo  Resumo

ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al; American Diabetes Association. 7. Diabetes technology: standards of care in diabetes - 2023. Diabetes Care. 2023 Jan 1;46(1 suppl):S111-27.Texto completo  Resumo

1. Abraham MB, Karges B, Dovc K, et al. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: assessment and management of hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022 Dec;23(8):1322-40.Texto completo  Resumo

2. Seaquist ER, Anderson J, Childs B, et al. Hypoglycemia and diabetes: a report of a workgroup of the American Diabetes Association and the Endocrine Society. Diabetes Care. 2013 May;36(5):1384-95.Texto completo  Resumo

3. ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al; American Diabetes Association. 6. Glycemic targets: standards of care in diabetes - 2023. Diabetes Care. 2023 Jan 1;46(1 suppl):S97-110.Texto completo  Resumo

4. Holt RIG, DeVries JH, Hess-Fischl A, et al. The management of type 1 diabetes in adults. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetologia. 2021 Dec;64(12):2609-52.Texto completo  Resumo

5. Danne T, Nimri R, Battelino T, et al. International consensus on use of continuous glucose monitoring. Diabetes Care. 2017 Dec;40(12):1631-40.Texto completo  Resumo

6. Alwafi H, Alsharif AA, Wei L, et al. Incidence and prevalence of hypoglycaemia in type 1 and type 2 diabetes individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Dec;170:108522. Resumo

7. Nakhleh A, Shehadeh N. Hypoglycemia in diabetes: an update on pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention. World J Diabetes. 2021 Dec 15;12(12):2036-49.Texto completo  Resumo

8. Silbert R, Salcido-Montenegro A, Rodriguez-Gutierrez R, et al. Hypoglycemia among patients with type 2 diabetes: epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies. Curr Diab Rep. 2018 Jun 21;18(8):53.Texto completo  Resumo

9. Gangji AS, Cukierman T, Gerstein HC, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of hypoglycemia and cardiovascular events: a comparison of glyburide with other secretagogues and with insulin. Diabetes Care. 2007 Feb;30(2):389-94.Texto completo  Resumo

10. Heller SR, Peyrot M, Oates SK, et al. Hypoglycemia in patient with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin: it can happen. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2020 Jun;8(1):e001194.Texto completo  Resumo

11. Pettus JH, Zhou FL, Shepherd L, et al. Incidences of severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis and prevalence of microvascular complications stratified by age and glycemic control in U.S. adult patients with type 1 diabetes: a real-world study. Diabetes Care. 2019 Dec;42(12):2220-7.Texto completo  Resumo

12. Liu J, Wang R, Ganz ML, et al. The burden of severe hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes. Curr Med Res Opin. 2018 Jan;34(1):171-7. Resumo

13. Cryer PE. Hypoglycemia in diabetes: pathophysiology, prevalence, and prevention. Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association; 2016.

14. Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care (JBDS-IP). The hospital management of hypoglycaemia in adults with diabetes mellitus. Jan 2023 [internet publication].​Texto completo

15. UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group. Risk of hypoglycaemia in types 1 and 2 diabetes: effects of treatment modalities and their duration. Diabetologia. 2007 Jun;50(6):1140-7.Texto completo  Resumo

16. Leese GP, Wang J, Broomhall J, et al; DARTS/MEMO Collaboration. Frequency of severe hypoglycemia requiring emergency treatment in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a population-based study of health service resource use. Diabetes Care. 2003 Apr;26(4):1176-80.Texto completo  Resumo

17. McCall AL, Lieb DC, Gianchandani R, et al. Management of individuals with diabetes at high risk for hypoglycemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Feb 15;108(3):529-62.Texto completo  Resumo

18. Karter AJ, Lipska KJ, O'Connor PJ, et al; SUPREME-DM Study Group. High rates of severe hypoglycemia among African American patients with diabetes: the Surveillance, Prevention, and Management of Diabetes Mellitus (SUPREME-DM) network. J Diabetes Complications. 2017 May;31(5):869-73.Texto completo  Resumo

19. Huang ES, Laiteerapong N, Liu JY, et al. Rates of complications and mortality in older patients with diabetes mellitus: the Diabetes and Aging Study. JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Feb 1;174(2):251-8.Texto completo  Resumo

20. Evers IM, ter Braak EW, de Valk HW, et al. Risk indicators predictive for severe hypoglycemia during the first trimester of type 1 diabetic pregnancy. Diabetes Care. 2002 Mar;25(3):554-9.Texto completo  Resumo

21. Rosenn BM, Miodovnik M, Holcberg G, et al. Hypoglycemia: the price of intensive insulin therapy for pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Mar;85(3):417-22. Resumo

22. Heller S, Damm P, Mersebach H, et al. Hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic pregnancy: role of preconception insulin aspart treatment in a randomized study. Diabetes Care. 2010 Mar;33(3):473-7.Texto completo  Resumo

23. ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al; American Diabetes Association. 15. Management of diabetes in pregnancy: standards of care in diabetes - 2023. Diabetes Care. 2023 Jan 1;46(1 suppl):S254-66.Texto completo  Resumo

24. Kimmerle R, Heinemann L, Delecki A, et al. Severe hypoglycemia incidence and predisposing factors in 85 pregnancies of type I diabetic women. Diabetes Care. 1992 Aug;15(8):1034-7.Texto completo  Resumo

25. Ringholm L, Pedersen-Bjergaard U, Thorsteinsson B, et al. Hypoglycaemia during pregnancy in women with Type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2012 May;29(5):558-66. Resumo

26. Persson B, Hansson U. Hypoglycaemia in pregnancy. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993 Jul;7(3):731-9. Resumo

27. Gehlaut RR, Dogbey GY, Schwartz FL, et al. Hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes - more common than you think: a continuous glucose monitoring study. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2015 Apr 27;9(5):999-1005.Texto completo  Resumo

28. Lipska KJ, Yao X, Herrin J, et al. Trends in drug utilization, glycemic control, and rates of severe hypoglycemia, 2006-2013. Diabetes Care. 2017 Apr;40(4):468-75.Texto completo  Resumo

29. Fredheim S, Johansen A, Thorsen SU, et al; Danish Society for Diabetes in Childhood and Adolescence. Nationwide reduction in the frequency of severe hypoglycemia by half. Acta Diabetol. 2015 Jun;52(3):591-9. Resumo

30. Karges B, Rosenbauer J, Kapellen T, et al. Hemoglobin A1c Levels and risk of severe hypoglycemia in children and young adults with type 1 diabetes from Germany and Austria: a trend analysis in a cohort of 37,539 patients between 1995 and 2012. PLoS Med. 2014 Oct;11(10):e1001742.Texto completo  Resumo

31. O'Connell SM, Cooper MN, Bulsara MK, et al. Reducing rates of severe hypoglycemia in a population-based cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes over the decade 2000-2009. Diabetes Care. 2011 Nov;34(11):2379-80.Texto completo  Resumo

32. Clarke WL, Cox DJ, Gonder-Frederick LA, et al. The relationship between nonroutine use of insulin, food, and exercise and the occurrence of hypoglycemia in adults with IDDM and varying degrees of hypoglycemic awareness and metabolic control. Diabetes Educ. 1997 Jan-Feb;23(1):55-8. Resumo

33. McGibbon A, Richardson C, Hernandez C, et al; Canadian Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert Committee. Pharmacotherapy in type 1 diabetes. Can J Diabetes. 2013 Apr;37(1 suppl):S56-60.Texto completo  Resumen

34. Davis EA, Keating B, Byrne GC, et al. Hypoglycemia: incidence and clinical predictors in a large population-based sample of children and adolescents with IDDM. Diabetes Care. 1997 Jan;20(1):22-5.Texto completo  Resumen

35. Pelizza L, Pupo S. Brittle diabetes: Psychopathology and personality. J Diabetes Complications. 2016 Nov-Dec;30(8):1544-7. Resumen

36. Gill G, Lucas S. Brittle diabetes characterised by recurrent hypoglycaemia. Diabetes Metab. 1999 Sep;25(4):308-11. Resumen

37. Adolfsson P, Taplin CE, Zaharieva DP, et al. ISPAD clinical practice consensus guidelines 2022: exercise in children and adolescents with diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022;23(8):1341-72.Texto completo

38. Gerstein HC, Miller ME, Byngton RP, et al; Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study Group. Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jun 12;358(24):2545-59.Texto completo  Resumen

39. Gubitosi-Klug RA, Braffett BH, White NH, et al; Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) Research Group. Risk of severe hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes over 30 years of follow-up in the DCCT/EDIC Study. Diabetes Care. 2017 Aug;40(8):1010-6.Texto completo  Resumen

40. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. Hypoglycemia in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Diabetes. 1997 Feb;46(2):271-86. Resumen

41. Bansal N, Weinstock RS, Feingold KR, et al, eds. Non-diabetic hypoglycemia. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, et al, eds. Endotext. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000 (updated 2020).Texto completo  Resumen

42. McCrimmon RJ, Sherwin RS. Hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 2010 Oct;59(10):2333-9.Texto completo  Resumen

43. Thorell A, Hirshman MF, Nygren J, et al. Exercise and insulin cause GLUT-4 translocation in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol. 1999 Oct;277(4):E733-41.Texto completo  Resumen

44. Maloney A, Rosenstock J, Fonseca V. A model-based meta-analysis of 24 antihyperglycemic drugs for type 2 diabetes: comparison of treatment effects at therapeutic doses. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019 May;105(5):1213-23. Resumen

45. Black C, Donnelly P, McIntyre L, et al. Meglitinide analogues for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Apr 18;(2):CD004654.Texto completo  Resumen

46. Aroda VR. A review of GLP-1 receptor agonists: evolution and advancement, through the lens of randomised controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018 Feb;20(1 suppl):22-33. Resumen

47. Muneer M. Hypoglycaemia. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1307:43-69. Resumen

48. Lee AK, Lee CJ, Huang ES, et al. Risk factors for severe hypoglycemia in black and white adults with diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Diabetes Care. 2017 Dec;40(12):1661-7.Texto completo  Resumen

49. Lipska KJ, Warton EM, Huang ES, et al. HbA1c and risk of severe hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes: the Diabetes and Aging Study. Diabetes Care. 2013 Nov;36(11):3535-42.Texto completo  Resumen

50. Karges B, Kapellen T, Wagner VM, et al; DPV Initiative. Glycated hemoglobin A1c as a risk factor for severe hypoglycemia in pediatric type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2017 Feb;18(1):51-58. Resumen

51. Birkebaek NH, Drivvoll AK, Aakeson K, et al. Incidence of severe hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes in the Nordic countries in the period 2008-2012: association with hemoglobin A (1c) and treatment modality. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2017;5(1):e000377.Texto completo  Resumen

52. Haynes A, Hermann JM, Miller KM, et al; T1D Exchange, WACDD and DPV registries. Severe hypoglycemia rates are not associated with HbA1c: a cross-sectional analysis of 3 contemporary pediatric diabetes registry databases. Pediatr Diabetes. 2017 Nov;18(7):643-50.Texto completo  Resumen

53. Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, et al; VADT Investigators. Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jan 8;360(2):129-39.Texto completo  Resumen

54. Weinstock RS, Xing D, Maahs DM, et al; T1D Exchange Clinic Network. Severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis in adults with type 1 diabetes: results from the T1D Exchange clinic registry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Aug;98(8):3411-9.Texto completo  Resumen

55. Punthakee Z, Miller ME, Launer LJ, et al; ACCORD Group of Investigators; ACCORD-MIND Investigators. Poor cognitive function and risk of severe hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes: post hoc epidemiologic analysis of the ACCORD trial. Diabetes Care. 2012 Apr;35(4):787-93.Texto completo  Resumen

56. Huang L, Zhu M, Ji J. Association between hypoglycemia and dementia in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 1.4 million patients. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2022 Feb 14;14(1):31.Texto completo  Resumen

57. White NH, Skor DA, Cryer PE, et al. Identification of type I diabetic patients at increased risk for hypoglycemia during intensive therapy. N Engl J Med. 1983 Mar 3;308(9):485-91. Resumen

58. Gandhi K. Approach to hypoglycemia in infants and children. Transl Pediatr. 2017 Oct;6(4):408-20.Texto completo  Resumen

59. Love AH. Metabolic response to malnutrition: its relevance to enteral feeding. Gut. 1986 Nov;27 Suppl 1(1 suppl):9-13.Texto completo  Resumen

60. Goss AM, Gower B, Soleymani T, et al. Effects of weight loss during a very low carbohydrate diet on specific adipose tissue depots and insulin sensitivity in older adults with obesity: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2020 Aug 12;17:64.Texto completo  Resumen

61. Dungan K, Merrill J, Long C, et al. Effect of beta blocker use and type on hypoglycemia risk among hospitalized insulin requiring patients. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2019 Nov 27;18(1):163.Texto completo  Resumen

62. Hahr AJ, Molitch ME. Management of diabetes mellitus in patients with CKD: core curriculum 2022. Am J Kidney Dis. 2022 May;79(5):728-36.Texto completo  Resumen

63. Garla V, Kanduri S, Yanes-Cardozo L, et al. Management of diabetes mellitus in chronic kidney disease. Minerva Endocrinol. 2019 Sep;44(3):273-87. Resumen

64. Arky RA. Hypoglycemia associated with liver disease and ethanol. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1989 Mar;18(1):75-90. Resumen

65. Cohn A, Sofia AM, Kupfer SS. Type 1 diabetes and celiac disease: clinical overlap and new insights into disease pathogenesis. Curr Diab Rep. 2014 Aug;14(8):517.Texto completo  Resumen

66. Chantzichristos D, Persson A, Miftaraj M, et al. Early clinical indicators of Addison disease in adults with type 1 diabetes: a nationwide, observational, cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Apr 1;104(4):1148-57.Texto completo  Resumen

67. Dogan B, Oner C, Bayramicli OU, et al. Prevalence of celiac disease in adult type 1 patients with diabetes. Pak J Med Sci. 2015 Jul-Aug;31(4):865-8.Texto completo  Resumen

68. Kahaly GJ, Hansen MP. Type 1 diabetes associated autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev. 2016 Jul;15(7):644-8. Resumen

69. Buysschaert M. Coeliac disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and auto-immune thyroid disorders. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2003 Jul-Sep;66(3):237-40. Resumen

70. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.​ Diabetes (type 1 and type 2) in children and young people: diagnosis and management. May 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

71. Hopkins D, Lawrence I, Mansell P, et al. Improved biomedical and psychological outcomes 1 year after structured education in flexible insulin therapy for people with type 1 diabetes: the U.K. DAFNE experience. Diabetes Care. 2012 Aug;35(8):1638-42.Texto completo  Resumen

72. Samson SL, Vellanki P, Blonde L, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinology consensus statement: comprehensive type 2 diabetes management algorithm - 2023 update. Endocr Pract. 2023 May;29(5):305-40.Texto completo  Resumen

73. Qaseem A, Wilt TJ, Kansagara D, et al. Hemoglobin A1c targets for glycemic control with pharmacologic therapy for nonpregnant adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a guidance statement update from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2018 Apr 17;168(8):569-76.Texto completo  Resumen

74. Ritzel R, Ghosh S, Emral R, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of Gla-300 versus IDegAsp in insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes mellitus uncontrolled on oral anti-diabetics. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2023 Sep;25(9):2495-504.Texto completo  Resumen

75. Grunberger G, Sherr J, Allende M, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinology clinical practice guideline: the use of advanced technology in the management of persons with diabetes mellitus. Endocr Pract. 2021 Jun;27(6):505-37.Texto completo  Resumen

76. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Type 2 diabetes in adults: management. Jun 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

77. Cryer PE, Arbeláez AM. Hypoglycemia. In: Shlomo M, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, et al, eds. Williams textbook of endocrinology. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, Inc; 2020;1525-51.

78. Frier BM. Hypoglycaemia and cognitive function in diabetes. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2001 Sep;(123):30-7. Resumen

79. Verhulst CEM, Fabricius TW, Teerenstra S, et al. Glycaemic thresholds for counterregulatory hormone and symptom responses to hypoglycaemia in people with and without type 1 diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetologia. 2022 Oct;65(10):1601-12.Texto completo  Resumen

80. Tupola S, Rajantie J. Documented symptomatic hypoglycaemia in children and adolescents using multiple daily insulin injection therapy. Diabet Med. 1998 Jun;15(6):492-6. Resumen

81. McCall AL. Insulin therapy and hypoglycemia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2012 Mar;41(1):57-87.Texto completo  Resumen

82. Lacherade JC, Jacqueminet S, Preiser JC. An overview of hypoglycemia in the critically ill. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2009 Nov 1;3(6):1242-9.Texto completo  Resumen

83. Reunala T, Hervonen K, Salmi T. Dermatitis herpetiformis: an update on diagnosis and management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2021 May;22(3):329-38.Texto completo  Resumen

84. Ford AC, Ching E, Moayyedi P. Meta-analysis: yield of diagnostic tests for coeliac disease in dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Jul;30(1):28-36.Texto completo  Resumen

85. Rubio-Tapia A, Hill ID, Kelly CP, et al; American College of Gastroenterology. ACG clinical guidelines: diagnosis and management of celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 May;108(5):656-76.Texto completo  Resumen

86. van der Windt DA, Jellema P, Mulder CJ, et al. Diagnostic testing for celiac disease among patients with abdominal symptoms: a systematic review. JAMA. 2010 May 5;303(17):1738-46.Texto completo  Resumen

87. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Sepsis: recognition, diagnosis and early management. Sep 2017 [internet publication].Texto completo

88. Bornstein SR, Allolio B, Arlt W, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of primary adrenal insufficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Feb;101(2):364-89.Texto completo  Resumen

89. Husebye ES, Pearce SH, Krone NP, et al. Adrenal insufficiency. Lancet. 2021 Feb 13;397(10274):613-29. Resumen

90. Betterle C, Presotto F, Furmaniak J. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of Addison's disease in adults. J Endocrinol Invest. 2019 Dec;42(12):1407-33. Resumen

91. Chaker L, Bianco AC, Jonklaas J, et al. Hypothyroidism. Lancet. 2017 Sep 23;390(10101):1550-62.Texto completo  Resumen

92. Kittah NE, Vella A. Management of endocrine disease: pathogenesis and management of hypoglycemia. Eur J Endocrinol. 2017 Jul;177(1):R37-47. Resumen

93. Arya VB, Mohammed Z, Blankenstein O, et al. Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia. Horm Metab Res. 2014 Mar;46(3):157-70.Texto completo  Resumen

94. Garla V, Sonani H, Palabindala V, et al. Non-islet cell hypoglycemia: case series and review of the literature. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019 May 15;10:316.Texto completo  Resumen

95. Bodnar TW, Acevedo MJ, Pietropaolo M. Management of non-islet-cell tumor hypoglycemia: a clinical review. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Mar;99(3):713-22.Texto completo  Resumen

96. Guettier JM, Gorden P. Insulin secretion and insulin-producing tumors. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Mar 1;5(2):217-27.Texto completo  Resumen

97. Service FJ, Natt N. The prolonged fast. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Nov;85(11):3973-4.Texto completo  Resumen

98. Okabayashi T, Shima Y, Sumiyoshi T, et al. Diagnosis and management of insulinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 2013 Feb 14;19(6):829-37.Texto completo  Resumen

99. Galati SJ, Rayfield EJ. Approach to the patient with postprandial hypoglycemia. Endocr Pract. 2014 Apr;20(4):331-40. Resumen

100. Brun JF, Fedou C, Mercier J. Postprandial reactive hypoglycemia. Diabetes Metab. 2000 Nov;26(5):337-51. Resumen

101. Lin YK, Faiman C, Johnston PC, et al. Spontaneous hypoglycemia after islet autotransplantation for chronic pancreatitis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Oct;101(10):3669-75.Texto completo  Resumen

102. Censi S, Mian C, Betterle C. Insulin autoimmune syndrome: from diagnosis to clinical management. Ann Transl Med. 2018 Sep;6(17):335.Texto completo  Resumen

103. Douillard C, Jannin A, Vantyghem MC. Rare causes of hypoglycemia in adults. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2020 Jun;81(2-3):110-7. Resumen

104. Agiostratidou G, Anhalt H, Ball D, et al. Standardizing clinically meaningful outcome measures beyond HbA(1c) for type 1 diabetes: a consensus report of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the American Association of Diabetes Educators, the American Diabetes Association, the Endocrine Society, JDRF International, The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, the Pediatric Endocrine Society, and the T1D Exchange. Diabetes Care. 2017 Dec;40(12):1622-30.Texto completo  Resumen

105. American Diabetes Association. Standards of care in diabetes - 2023. Diabetes Care. 2023 Jan;46(1 suppl):S1-284.Texto completo

106. Desimone ME, Weinstock RS. Hypoglycemia. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, et al., eds. Endotext. South Dartmouth, MA: MDText.com, Inc.; 2000​ (updated May 2018).Texto completo

107. Thieu VT, Mitchell BD, Varnado OJ, Frier BM. Treatment and prevention of severe hypoglycaemia in people with diabetes: current and new formulations of glucagon. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2020 Apr;22(4):469-79.Texto completo  Resumen

108. La Sala L, Pontiroli AE. New fast acting glucagon for recovery from hypoglycemia, a life-threatening situation: nasal powder and injected stable solutions. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 30;22(19):10643.Texto completo  Resumen

109. Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, et al. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 23;(1):CD007798.Texto completo  Resumen

110. Layman DK, Clifton P, Gannon MC, et al. Protein in optimal health: heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 May;87(5):1571-5S.Texto completo  Resumen

111. Georgakopoulos K, Katsilambros N, Fragaki M, et al. Recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia after saccharose or glucose administration. Clin Physiol Biochem. 1990;8(5):267-72. Resumen

112. McTavish L, Corley B, Weatherall M, et al. Weight-based carbohydrate treatment of hypoglycaemia in people with Type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy: a randomized crossover clinical trial. Diabet Med. 2018 Mar;35(3):339-46. Resumen

113. McTavish L, Wiltshire E. Effective treatment of hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Pediatr Diabetes. 2011 Jun;12(4 pt 2):381-7. Resumen

114. McCoy RG, Van Houten HK, Ziegenfuss JY, et al. Increased mortality of patients with diabetes reporting severe hypoglycemia. Diabetes Care. 2012 Sep;35(9):1897-901.Texto completo  Resumen

115. Skrivarhaug T, Bangstad HJ, Stene LC, et al. Long-term mortality in a nationwide cohort of childhood-onset type 1 diabetic patients in Norway. Diabetologia. 2006 Feb;49(2):298-305.Texto completo  Resumen

116. Amiel SA. The consequences of hypoglycaemia. Diabetologia. 2021 May;64(5):963-70.Texto completo  Resumen

117. Kalra S, Mukherjee JJ, Venkataraman S, et al. Hypoglycemia: the neglected complication. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Sep;17(5):819-34.Texto completo  Resumen

118. Gruden G, Barutta F, Chaturvedi N, et al. Severe hypoglycemia and cardiovascular disease incidence in type 1 diabetes: the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study. Diabetes Care. 2012 Jul;35(7):1598-604.Texto completo  Resumen

119. Yun JS, Park YM, Han K, et al. Severe hypoglycemia and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2019 Aug 14;18(1):103.Texto completo  Resumen

120. Przezak A, Bielka W, Molęda P. Fear of hypoglycemia - an underestimated problem. Brain Behav. 2022 Jul;12(7):e2633.Texto completo  Resumen

121. Malabu UH, Vangaveti VN, Kennedy RL. Disease burden evaluation of fall-related events in the elderly due to hypoglycemia and other diabetic complications: a clinical review. Clin Epidemiol. 2014;6:287-94.Texto completo  Resumen

122. Lee AK, Juraschek SP, Windham BG, et al. Severe hypoglycemia and risk of falls in type 2 diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Diabetes Care. 2020 Sep;43(9):2060-5.Texto completo  Resumen

123. Lacy ME, Gilsanz P, Eng C, et al. Severe hypoglycemia and cognitive function in older adults with type 1 diabetes: the Study of Longevity in Diabetes (SOLID). Diabetes Care. 2020 Mar;43(3):541-8.Texto completo  Resumen

124. Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Continuous Glucose Monitoring Study Group. Prolonged nocturnal hypoglycemia is common during 12 months of continuous glucose monitoring in children and adults with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2010 May;33(5):1004-8.Texto completo  Resumen

125. ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al; American Diabetes Association. 7. Diabetes technology: standards of care in diabetes - 2023. Diabetes Care. 2023 Jan 1;46(1 suppl):S111-27.Texto completo  Resumen

126. Watanabe Y, Tokunaga K, Geraghty DE, et al. Large-scale comparative mapping of the MHC class I region of predominant haplotypes in Japanese. Immunogenetics. 1997;46(2):135-41. Resumen

127. Tauschmann M, Hermann JM, Freiberg C, et al. Reduction in diabetic ketoacidosis and severe hypoglycemia in pediatric type 1 diabetes during the first year of continuous glucose monitoring: a multicenter analysis of 3,553 subjects from the DPV Registry. Diabetes Care. 2020 Mar;43(3):e40-2.Texto completo  Resumen

128. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. How to treat low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)​. Dec 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

129. ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al; American Diabetes Association. 17. Diabetes advocacy: standards of care in diabetes - 2023. Diabetes Care. 2023 Jan 1;46(1 suppl):S279-80.Texto completo  Resumen

130. Lorber D, Anderson J, Arent S, et al; American Diabetes Association. Diabetes and driving. Diabetes Care. 2013 Jan;36(1 suppl):S80-5.Texto completo  Resumen

131. Abraham MB, de Bock M, Smith GJ, et al; Australian Juvenile Diabetes Research Fund Closed-Loop Research group. Effect of a hybrid closed-loop system on glycemic and psychosocial outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2021 Dec 1;175(12):1227-35.Texto completo  Resumen

132. Crabtree TSJ, Griffin TP, Yap YW, et al. Hybrid closed-loop therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes and above-target HbA1c: a real-world observational study. Diabetes Care. 2023 Oct 1;46(10):1831-8.Texto completo  Resumen

133. Rickels MR, Robertson RP. Pancreatic islet transplantation in humans: recent progress and future directions. Endocr Rev. 2019 Apr 1;40(2):631-68.Texto completo  Resumen

134. Dean PG, Kukla A, Stegall MD, et al. Pancreas transplantation. BMJ. 2017 Apr 3;357:j1321. Resumen

135. Bussau VA, Ferreira LD, Jones TW, et al. The 10-s maximal sprint: a novel approach to counter an exercise-mediated fall in glycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006 Mar;29(3):601-6.Texto completo  Resumen