Emerging treatments

Novel therapeutic agents

The use of novel therapeutic agents, including atrial natriuretic peptide, theophylline, insulin-like growth factor, epidermal growth factor, free radical oxygen scavengers, antibodies to adhesion molecules, and prostaglandins, has been reviewed.[17] None have shown clear benefit in human AKI.[17][139]​​​ The protective effect of statins (administered either pre-intervention or chronically) remains debated.[71][140][141][142][143]​​ [ Cochrane Clinical Answers logo ] ​​​​​​​ Controlled hypothermia and recombinant alkaline phosphatase infusion may be of benefit but need more experience.[144][145]​​​ Erythropoietin does not appear to exert nephroprotective effects, and treatment with thyroid hormone has been associated with worse outcomes than other possible treatments for patients with established AKI; its role in preventing AKI was not adequately investigated.[146][147] Remote ischemic preconditioning appeared to hold promise to prevent AKI, but two systematic reviews (including more than 28 randomized controlled trials) cast doubt on the value of this treatment.[111][148][149] [ Cochrane Clinical Answers logo ]

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