References
Key articles
January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Dec 2;64(21):e1-76.Full text Abstract
Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J. 2021 Feb 1;42(5):373-498.Full text Abstract
January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society in collaboration with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation. 2019 Jul 9;140(2):e125-51.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
1. January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Dec 2;64(21):e1-76.Full text Abstract
2. Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J. 2021 Feb 1;42(5):373-498.Full text Abstract
3. Lévy S, Steinbeck G, Santini L, et al. Management of atrial fibrillation: two decades of progress - a scientific statement from the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2022 Apr 13 [Epub ahead of print]. Abstract
4. Wang L, Ze F, Li J, et al. Trends of global burden of atrial fibrillation/flutter from Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Heart. 2021 Jun;107(11):881-7.Full text Abstract
5. Chugh SS, Havmoeller R, Narayanan K, et al. Worldwide epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: a Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Circulation. 2014 Feb 25;129(8):837-47.Full text Abstract
6. Lip GYH, Apostolakis S. Atrial fibrillation (acute onset). BMJ Clin Evid. 2014 Nov 27;2014.Full text Abstract
7. Marini C, De Santis F, Sacco S, et al. Contribution of atrial fibrillation to incidence and outcome of ischemic stroke, results from a population-based study. Stroke. 2005 Jun;36(6):1115-9.Full text Abstract
8. Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Caso V, et al. Atrial fibrillation in patients with first-ever stroke: frequency, antithrombotic treatment before the event and effect on clinical outcome. J Thromb Haemost. 2005 Jun;3(6):1218-23.Full text Abstract
9. Gladstone DJ, Spring M, Dorian P, et al. Atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2014 Jun 26;370(26):2467-77.Full text Abstract
10. Sanna T, Diener HC, Passman RS, et al. Cryptogenic stroke and underlying atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2014 Jun 26;370(26):2478-86.Full text Abstract
11. Katsanos AH, Kamel H, Healey JS, et al. Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: looking forward. Circulation. 2020 Dec 15;142(24):2371-88.Full text Abstract
12. Wong CK, White HD, Wilcox RG, et al. New atrial fibrillation after acute myocardial infarction independently predicts death: the GUSTO-III experience. Am Heart J. 2000 Dec;140(6):878-85. Abstract
13. Asanin M, Perunicic J, Mrdovic I, et al. Prognostic significance of new atrial fibrillation and its relation to heart failure following acute myocardial infarction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2005 Jun;7(4):671-6.Full text Abstract
14. Mentz RJ, Chung MJ, Gheorghiade M, et al. Atrial fibrillation or flutter on initial electrocardiogram is associated with worse outcomes in patients admitted for worsening heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: findings from the EVEREST Trial. Am Heart J. 2012 Dec;164(6):884-92;e2. Abstract
15. Gorenek B, Halvorsen S, Kudaiberdieva G, et al. Atrial fibrillation in acute heart failure: A position statement from the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association and European Heart Rhythm Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2020 Jun;9(4):348-57.Full text Abstract
16. He J, Yang Y, Zhang G, et al. Clinical risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Jun;98(26):e15960.Full text Abstract
17. Falk RH. Atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2001 Apr 5;344(14):1067-78. Abstract
18. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Atrial fibrillation: diagnosis and management. Jun 2021 [internet publication].Full text
19. Bedford JP, Harford M, Petrinic T, et al. Risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation on the general adult ICU: A systematic review. J Crit Care. 2019 Oct;53:169-75.Full text Abstract
20. Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM, et al. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study. JAMA. 1994 Mar 16;271(11):840-4. Abstract
21. Noubiap JJ, Nyaga UF. A review of the epidemiology of atrial fibrillation in sub-Saharan Africa. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2019 Dec;30(12):3006-16. Abstract
22. Mehra R, Chung MK, Olshansky B, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiac arrhythmias in adults: Mechanistic insights and clinical implications: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022 Aug 1 [Epub ahead of print]. Abstract
23. Mukamal KJ, Tolstrup JS, Friberg J, et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of atrial fibrillation in men and women. Circulation. 2005 Sep 20;112(12):1736-42.Full text Abstract
24. Csengeri D, Sprünker NA, Di Castelnuovo A, et al. Alcohol consumption, cardiac biomarkers, and risk of atrial fibrillation and adverse outcomes. Eur Heart J. 2021 Mar 21;42(12):1170-7.Full text Abstract
25. Lee SR, Choi EK, Jung JH, et al. Lower risk of stroke after alcohol abstinence in patients with incident atrial fibrillation: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Eur Heart J. 2021 Dec 7;42(46):4759-68.Full text Abstract
26. Agarwal A, York M, Kantharia BK, et al. Atrial fibrillation: modern concepts and management. Annu Rev Med. 2005;56:475-94. Abstract
27. Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Shah DC, et al. Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins. N Engl J Med. 1998 Sep 3;339(10):659-66.Full text Abstract
28. Peters NS, Schilling RJ, Kanagaratnam P, et al. Atrial fibrillation: strategies to control, combat, and cure. Lancet. 2002 Feb 16;359(9306):593-603. Abstract
29. Iwasaki YK, Nishida K, Kato T, et al. Atrial fibrillation pathophysiology: implications for management. Circulation. 2011 Nov 15;124(20):2264-74.Full text Abstract
30. Wijesurendra RS, Casadei B. Mechanisms of atrial fibrillation. Heart. 2019 Dec;105(24):1860-7. Abstract
31. Kochiadakis GE, Skalidis EI, Kalebubas MD, et al. Effect of acute atrial fibrillation on phasic coronary blood flow pattern and flow reserve in humans. Eur Heart J. 2002 May;23(9):734-41. Abstract
32. Ding WY, Gupta D, Lip GYH. Atrial fibrillation and the prothrombotic state: revisiting Virchow's triad in 2020. Heart. 2020 Oct;106(19):1463-8. Abstract
33. Prasitlumkum N, Kewcharoen J, Angsubhakorn N, et al. Orthostatic hypotension is associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation: Systemic review and meta-analysis. Indian Heart J. 2019 Jul - Aug;71(4):320-7.Full text Abstract
34. Aune D, Feng T, Schlesinger S, et al. Diabetes mellitus, blood glucose and the risk of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Diabetes Complications. 2018 May;32(5):501-11. Abstract
35. Patoulias D, Toumpourleka M, Papadopoulos C, et al. Meta-analysis evaluating the risk of atrial fibrillation with newer antidiabetics across the cardiovascular and renal outcome trials. Am J Cardiol. 2021 Jan 15;139:139-41. Abstract
36. Ziff OJ, Carter PR, McGowan J, et al. The interplay between atrial fibrillation and heart failure on long-term mortality and length of stay: Insights from the, United Kingdom ACALM registry. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Feb 1;252:117-21. Abstract
37. Noubiap JJ, Bigna JJ, Agbor VN, et al. Meta-analysis of atrial fibrillation in patients with various cardiomyopathies. Am J Cardiol. 2019 Jul 15;124(2):262-9. Abstract
38. Luo J, Li H, Qin X, et al. Increased risk of ischemic stroke associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation complicating acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Aug 15;265:125-31. Abstract
39. Prasitlumkum N, Rattanawong P, Limpruttidham N, et al. Frequent premature atrial complexes as a predictor of atrial fibrillation: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Electrocardiol. 2018 Sep - Oct;51(5):760-7. Abstract
40. Xiao FP, Chen MY, Wang L, et al. Outcomes of new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 225,841 patients. Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Apr;42:23-30. Abstract
41. Chyou JY, Barkoudah E, Dukes JW, et al. Atrial fibrillation occurring during acute hospitalization: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023 Apr 11;147(15):e676-98.Full text Abstract
42. Kanjanahattakij N, Rattanawong P, Krishnamoorthy P, et al. New-onset atrial fibrillation is associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Cardiol. 2019 Apr;74(2):162-9. Abstract
43. Bosch NA, Cohen DM, Walkey AJ. Risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2019 Feb;47(2):280-7. Abstract
44. Kalra R, Patel N, Doshi R, et al. Evaluation of the Incidence of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Aortic Valve Replacement. JAMA Intern Med. 2019 Jun 3;:.Full text Abstract
45. Powell-Wiley TM, Poirier P, Burke LE, et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 May 25;143(21):e984-1010.Full text Abstract
46. Liu X, Wang W, Tan Z, et al. The relationship between vitamin D and risk of atrial fibrillation: a dose-response analysis of observational studies. Nutr J. 2019 Nov 14;18(1):73.Full text Abstract
47. Asad Z, Abbas M, Javed I, et al. Obesity is associated with incident atrial fibrillation independent of gender: A meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2018 May;29(5):725-32. Abstract
48. Jones NR, Taylor KS, Taylor CJ, et al. Weight change and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart. 2019 Dec;105(23):1799-1805.Full text Abstract
49. Mujović N, Marinković M, Mihajlović M, et al. Risk factor modification for the primary and secondary prevention of atrial fibrillation. Part 2. Kardiol Pol. 2020 Mar 25;78(3):192-202. Abstract
50. Lip GY, Beevers DG, Singh SP, et al. ABC of atrial fibrillation. Aetiology, pathophysiology, and clinical features. BMJ. 1995 Nov 25;311(7017):1425-8.Full text Abstract
51. Romiti GF, Corica B, Pipitone E, et al. Prevalence, management and impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 4,200,000 patients. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 14;42(35):3541-54.Full text Abstract
52. Biddinger KJ, Emdin CA, Haas ME, et al. Association of habitual alcohol intake with risk of cardiovascular disease. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Mar 1;5(3):e223849.Full text Abstract
53. Mukamal KJ, Tolstrup JS, Friberg J, et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of atrial fibrillation in men and women. Circulation. 2005;112:1736-1742.Full text Abstract
54. Wang Q, Guo Y, Wu C, et al. Smoking as a risk factor for the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in men versus women: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Heart Lung Circ. 2018 Jan;27(1):58-65. Abstract
55. Aune D, Schlesinger S, Norat T, et al. Tobacco smoking and the risk of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2018 Sep;25(13):1437-51.Full text Abstract
56. Upala S, Shahnawaz A, Sanguankeo A. Psoriasis increases risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. J Dermatolog Treat. 2017 Aug;28(5):406-10. Abstract
57. Ungprasert P, Srivali N, Kittanamongkolchai W. Risk of incident atrial fibrillation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Rheum Dis. 2017 Apr;20(4):434-41. Abstract
58. Elliott AD, Linz D, Mishima R, et al. Association between physical activity and risk of incident arrhythmias in 402 406 individuals: evidence from the UK Biobank cohort. Eur Heart J. 2020 Apr 14;41(15):1479-86.Full text Abstract
59. Chung MK, Eckhardt LL, Chen LY, et al. Lifestyle and risk factor modification for reduction of atrial fibrillation: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020 Apr 21;141(16):e750-72.Full text Abstract
60. Ricci C, Gervasi F, Gaeta M, et al. Physical activity volume in relation to risk of atrial fibrillation: a non-linear meta-regression analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2018 May;25(8):857-66.Full text Abstract
61. Xue Z, Zhou Y, Wu C, et al. Dose-response relationship of cardiorespiratory fitness with incident atrial fibrillation. Heart Fail Rev. 2020 May;25(3):419-25. Abstract
62. Baum BJ, Roberts MW, Brahim JS, et al. The National Institute of Dental Research Clinical Dental Staff Fellowship. J Dent Educ. 1988 Sep;52(9):535-6. Abstract
63. Levin MG, Judy R, Gill D, et al. Genetics of height and risk of atrial fibrillation: A Mendelian randomization study. PLoS Med. 2020 Oct;17(10):e1003288.Full text Abstract
64. Marott JL, Skielboe AK, Dixen U, et al. Increasing population height and risk of incident atrial fibrillation: the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Eur Heart J. 2018 Dec 1;39(45):4012-4019.Full text Abstract
65. Delluc A, Wang TF, Yap ES, et al. Anticoagulation of cancer patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation receiving chemotherapy: Guidance from the SSC of the ISTH. J Thromb Haemost. 2019 Aug;17(8):1247-52.Full text Abstract
66. Erichsen R, Christiansen CF, Mehnert F, et al. Colorectal cancer and risk of atrial fibrillation and flutter: a population-based case-control study. Intern Emerg Med. 2012 Oct;7(5):431-8. Abstract
67. Tamargo J, Caballero R, Delpón E. Cancer chemotherapy and cardiac arrhythmias: a review. Drug Saf. 2015 Feb;38(2):129-52. Abstract
68. Caldeira D, Alves D, Costa J, et al. Ibrutinib increases the risk of hypertension and atrial fibrillation: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2019;14(2):e0211228.Full text Abstract
69. Gorenek B, Pelliccia A, Benjamin EJ, et al. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)/European Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (EACPR) position paper on how to prevent atrial fibrillation endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) and Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS). Europace. 2017 Feb 1;19(2):190-225.Full text Abstract
70. Lavie CJ, Pandey A, Lau DH, et al. Obesity and atrial fibrillation prevalence, pathogenesis, and prognosis: effects of weight loss and exercise. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Oct 17;70(16):2022-35.Full text Abstract
71. Middeldorp ME, Pathak RK, Meredith M, et al. PREVEntion and regReSsive Effect of weight-loss and risk factor modification on atrial fibrillation: the REVERSE-AF study. Europace. 2018 Dec 1;20(12):1929-35.Full text Abstract
72. Wingerter R, Steiger N, Burrows A, et al. Impact of Lifestyle Modification on Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2020 Jan 15;125(2):289-97. Abstract
73. Gorenek B Chair, Bax J, Boriani G, et al. Device-detected subclinical atrial tachyarrhythmias: definition, implications and management-an European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document, endorsed by Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Estimulación Cardíaca y Electrofisiología (SOLEACE). Europace. 2017 Sep 1;19(9):1556-78.Full text Abstract
74. Lopez Perales CR, Van Spall HGC, Maeda S, et al. Mobile health applications for the detection of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review. Europace. 2021 Jan 27;23(1):11-28.Full text Abstract
75. Guo Y, Wang H, Zhang H, et al. Mobile Photoplethysmographic Technology to Detect Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Nov 12;74(19):2365-2375.Full text Abstract
76. O'Sullivan JW, Grigg S, Crawford W, et al. Accuracy of smartphone camera applications for detecting atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Apr 1;3(4):e202064.Full text Abstract
77. Prasitlumkum N, Cheungpasitporn W, Chokesuwattanaskul A, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of smart gadgets/wearable devices in detecting atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2021 Jan;114(1):4-16.Full text Abstract
78. Dörr M, Nohturfft V, Brasier N, et al. The WATCH AF Trial: SmartWATCHes for detection of atrial fibrillation. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2019 Feb;5(2):199-208.Full text Abstract
79. Perez MV, Mahaffey KW, Hedlin H, et al. Large-scale assessment of a smartwatch to identify atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2019 Nov 14;381(20):1909-17.Full text Abstract
80. Baumgartner C, da Costa BR, Collet TH, et al; Thyroid Studies Collaboration. Thyroid function within the normal range, subclinical hypothyroidism, and the risk of atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2017 Nov 28;136(22):2100-16.Full text Abstract
81. Hijazi Z, Siegbahn A, Andersson U, et al; ARISTOTLE Investigators. High-sensitivity troponin I for risk assessment in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) trial. Circulation. 2014 Feb 11;129(6):625-34.Full text Abstract
82. Bai Y, Guo SD, Liu Y, et al. Relationship of troponin to incident atrial fibrillation occurrence, recurrence after radiofrequency ablation and prognosis: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression. Biomarkers. 2018 Sep;23(6):512-7. Abstract
83. Kotecha D, Mohamed M, Shantsila E, et al. Is echocardiography valid and reproducible in patients with atrial fibrillation? A systematic review. Europace. 2017 Sep 1;19(9):1427-38.Full text Abstract
84. Schwint AE, Itoiz ME, Cabrini RL. A quantitative histochemical study of the microvasculature of irradiated skin. Cell Mol Biol. 1990;36(3):253-64. Abstract
85. Fauchier L, Clementy N, Pelade C, et al. Patients with ischemic stroke and incident atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study. Stroke. 2015 Sep;46(9):2432-7.Full text Abstract
86. Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, et al. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA. 2001 Jun 13;285(22):2864-70.Full text Abstract
87. Yarmohammadi H, Varr BC, Puwanant S, et al. Role of CHADS2 score in evaluation of thromboembolic risk and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing direct current cardioversion (from the ACUTE Trial Substudy). Am J Cardiol. 2012 Jul 15;110(2):222-6. Abstract
88. Gage BF, Yan Y, Milligan PE, et al. Clinical classification schemes for predicting hemorrhage: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (NRAF). Am Heart J. 2006 Mar;151(3):713-9. Abstract
89. Saliba W, Gronich N, Barnett-Griness O, et al. Usefulness of CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc Scores in the Prediction of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation: A Population-Based Study. Am J Med. 2016 Aug;129(8):843-9.Full text Abstract
90. Pisters R, Lane DA, Nieuwlaat R, et al. A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey. Chest. 2010 Nov;138(5):1093-100. Abstract
91. Jonas DE, Kahwati LC, Yun JDY, et al. Screening for atrial fibrillation with electrocardiography: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2018 Aug 7;320(5):485-98.Full text Abstract
92. Taggar JS, Coleman T, Lewis S, et al. Accuracy of methods for detecting an irregular pulse and suspected atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2016 Aug;23(12):1330-8.Full text Abstract
93. Mahajan R, Perera T, Elliott AD, et al. Subclinical device-detected atrial fibrillation and stroke risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2018 Apr 21;39(16):1407-15.Full text Abstract
94. US Preventive Services Task Force; Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, et al. Screening for atrial fibrillation: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2022 Jan 25;327(4):360-7.Full text Abstract
95. Petryszyn P, Niewinski P, Staniak A, et al. Effectiveness of screening for atrial fibrillation and its determinants. A meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2019;14(3):e0213198.Full text Abstract
96. Gillis AM, Morck M. Atrial fibrillation after DDDR pacemaker implantation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2002 Jun;13(6):542-7. Abstract
97. Biersteker TE, Schalij MJ, Treskes RW. Impact of mobile health devices for the detection of atrial fibrillation: Systematic review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2021 Apr 28;9(4):e26161.Full text Abstract
98. January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society in collaboration with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation. 2019 Jul 9;140(2):e125-51.Full text Abstract
99. Kanji S, Stewart R, Fergusson DA, et al. Treatment of new-onset atrial fibrillation in noncardiac intensive care unit patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Crit Care Med. 2008 May;36(5):1620-4. Abstract
100. Okcun B, Yigit Z, Yildiz A, et al. What should be the primary treatment in atrial fibrillation: ventricular rate control or sinus rhythm control with long-term anticoagulation? J Int Med Res. 2009 Mar-Apr;37(2):464-71. Abstract
101. Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al; RE-LY Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009 Sep 17;361(12):1139-51.Full text Abstract
102. Prystowsky EN, Benson DW Jr, Fuster V, et al. Management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Subcommittee on Electrocardiography and Electrophysiology, American Heart Association. Circulation. 1996 Mar 15;93(6):1262-77.Full text Abstract
103. Lopes RD, Rordorf R, De Ferrari GM, et al; ARISTOTLE Committees and Investigators. Digoxin and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Mar 13;71(10):1063-74.Full text Abstract
104. Pope MK, Hall TS, Schirripa V, et al. Cardioversion in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation: observational study using prospectively collected registry data. BMJ. 2021 Oct 27;375:e066450.Full text Abstract
105. Pluymaekers NAHA, Dudink EAMP, Luermans JGLM, et al. Early or delayed cardioversion in recent-onset atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2019 Apr 18;380(16):1499-1508.Full text Abstract
106. Singh BN, Connolly SJ, Crijns HJ, et al; EURIDIS and ADONIS Investigators. Dronedarone for maintenance of sinus rhythm in atrial fibrillation or flutter. N Engl J Med. 2007 Sep 6;357(10):987-99.Full text Abstract
107. Le Heuzey JY, De Ferrari GM, Radzik D, et al. A short-term, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dronedarone versus amiodarone in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: the DIONYSOS study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2010 Jun 1;21(6):597-605. Abstract
108. Hohnloser SH, Crijns HJ, van Eickels M, et al; ATHENA Investigators. Effect of dronedarone on cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009 Feb 12;360(7):668-78.Full text Abstract
109. Kirchhof P, Camm AJ, Goette A, et al. Early rhythm-control therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2020 Oct 1;383(14):1305-16.Full text Abstract
110. Alpert JS. Take-home messages from the recently updated AHA/ACC guidelines for atrial fibrillation. Am J Med. 2019 Dec;132(12):1363-4. Abstract
111. Ganesan AN, Chew DP, Hartshorne T, et al. The impact of atrial fibrillation type on the risk of thromboembolism, mortality, and bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2016 Feb 16;37(20):1591-602.Full text Abstract
112. Lilli A, Di Cori A, Zacà V. Thromboembolic risk and effect of oral anticoagulation according to atrial fibrillation patterns: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Cardiol. 2017 Sep;40(9):641-7.Full text Abstract
113. Gallego P, Roldán V, Marin F, et al. SAMe-TT2R2 score, time in therapeutic range, and outcomes in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Med. 2014;127:1083-1088. Abstract
114. Lip GY, Haguenoer K, Saint-Etienne C, et al. Relationship of the SAMe-TT(2)R(2) score to poor-quality anticoagulation, stroke, clinically relevant bleeding, and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. Chest. 2014;146:719-726.Full text Abstract
115. O'Dell KM, Igawa D, Hsin J. New oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation: a review of clinical trials. Clin Ther. 2012 Apr;34(4):894-901. Abstract
116. Gibson CM, Basto AN, Howard ML. Direct oral anticoagulants in cardioversion: a review of current evidence. Ann Pharmacother. 2018 Mar;52(3):277-84. Abstract
117. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Rivaroxaban for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in people with atrial fibrillation. Jul 2021 [internet publication].Full text
118. Mincu RI, Mahabadi AA, Totzeck M, et al. Novel anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists for cardioversion of non- valvular atrial fibrillation - a meta-analysis of more than 17000 patients. Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 28;9(1):3011.Full text Abstract
119. Telles-Garcia N, Dahal K, Kocherla C, et al. Non-vitamin K antagonists oral anticoagulants are as safe and effective as warfarin for cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Oct 1;268:143-8. Abstract
120. Bassand JP, Virdone S, Badoz M, et al. Bleeding and related mortality with NOACs and VKAs in newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation: results from the GARFIELD-AF registry. Blood Adv. 2021 Feb 23;5(4):1081-91.Full text Abstract
121. Miller CS, Grandi SM, Shimony A, et al. Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban) versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2012 Aug 1;110(3):453-60. Abstract
122. Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:883-891.Full text Abstract
123. Halperin JL, Hankey GJ, Wojdyla DM, et al; ROCKET AF Steering Committee and Investigators. Efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban compared with warfarin among elderly patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in the Rivaroxaban Once Daily, Oral, Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared With Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET AF). Circulation. 2014 Jul 8;130(2):138-46.Full text Abstract
124. Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJ, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:981-992.Full text Abstract
125. Giugliano RP, Ruff CT, Braunwald E, et al. Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:2093-2104.Full text Abstract
126. Hanon O, Vidal JS, Pisica-Donose G, et al. Bleeding risk with rivaroxaban compared with vitamin K antagonists in patients aged 80 years or older with atrial fibrillation. Heart. 2021 Sep;107(17):1376-82. Abstract
127. Caldeira D, Rodrigues FB, Barra M, et al. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and major bleeding-related fatality in patients with atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart. 2015;101:1204-1211. Abstract
128. Lowenstern A, Al-Khatib SM, Sharan L, et al. Interventions for preventing thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2018 Dec 4;169(11):774-87.Full text Abstract
129. Ng SS, Lai NM, Nathisuwan S, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of warfarin care bundles and novel oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 20;10(1):662.Full text Abstract
130. Sharma M, Cornelius VR, Patel JP, et al. Efficacy and harms of direct oral anticoagulants in the elderly for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism: systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation. 2015 Jul 21;132(3):194-204.Full text Abstract
131. Gommans E, Grouls RJE, Kerkhof D, et al. Dabigatran trough concentrations in very elderly patients. Eur J Hosp Pharm. 2021 Jul;28(4):231-3.Full text Abstract
132. Del-Carpio Munoz F, Gharacholou SM, Munger TM, et al. Meta-analysis of renal function on the safety and efficacy of novel oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2016 Jan 1;117(1):69-75. Abstract
133. Jin H, Zhu K, Wang L, et al. A network meta-analysis of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and diabetes mellitus. Acta Cardiol. 2021 Nov;76(9):960-9. Abstract
134. Huang HK, Liu PP, Lin SM, et al. Diabetes-related complications and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving different oral anticoagulants: a nationwide analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2022 Apr;175(4):490-8. Abstract
135. sanofi-aventis. Important information on the use of Multaq® (dronedarone). June 2009 [internet publication].Full text
136. Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, McMurray JJ, et al; Dronedarone Study Group. Increased mortality after dronedarone therapy for severe heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jun 19;358(25):2678-87.Full text Abstract
137. Heldal M, Atar D. Pharmacological conversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation: a systematic review. Scand Cardiovasc J Suppl. 2013 Feb;47(1):2-10. Abstract
138. Kochiadakis GE, Igoumenidis NE, Hamilos ME, et al. A comparative study of the efficacy and safety of procainamide versus propafenone versus amiodarone for the conversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2007 Jun 15;99(12):1721-5.Full text Abstract
139. Xanthos T, Bassiakou E, Vlachos IS, et al. Intravenous and oral administration of amiodarone for the treatment of recent onset atrial fibrillation after digoxin administration. Int J Cardiol. 2007 Oct 18;121(3):291-5. Abstract
140. Xanthos T, Prapa V, Papadimitriou D, et al. Comparative study of intravenous amiodarone and procainamide in the treatment of atrial fibrillation of recent onset. Minerva Cardioangiol. 2007 Aug;55(4):433-41. Abstract
141. Markey GC, Salter N, Ryan J. Intravenous flecainide for emergency department management of acute atrial fibrillation. J Emerg Med. 2018 Mar;54(3):320-27. Abstract
142. Sorino M, Colonna P, De Luca L, et al. Post-cardioversion transesophageal echocardiography (POSTEC) strategy with the use of enoxaparin for brief anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation patients: the multicenter POSTEC trial (a pilot study). J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2007 Dec;8(12):1034-42. Abstract
143. Grönberg T, Hartikainen JE, Nuotio I, et al. Anticoagulation, CHA2DS2VASc score, and thromboembolic risk of cardioversion of acute atrial fibrillation (from the FinCV study). Am J Cardiol. 2016 Apr 15;117(8):1294-8. Abstract
144. Lip GY, Skjøth F, Rasmussen LH, et al. Oral anticoagulation, aspirin, or no therapy in patients with nonvalvular AF with 0 or 1 stroke risk factor based on the CHA2DS2-VASc score. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Apr 14;65(14):1385-94.Full text Abstract
145. Chao TF, Liu CJ, Wang KL, et al. Should atrial fibrillation patients with 1 additional risk factor of the CHA2DS2-VASc score (beyond sex) receive oral anticoagulation? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Feb 24;65(7):635-42.Full text Abstract
146. Joundi RA, Cipriano LE, Sposato LA, et al; Stroke Outcomes Research Working Group. Ischemic stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation and CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1: systematic review and meta-analysis. Stroke. 2016 May;47(5):1364-7.Full text Abstract
147. Sulzgruber P, Wassmann S, Semb AG, et al. Oral anticoagulation in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1: a current opinion of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and European Society of Cardiology Council on Stroke. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2019 Jul 1;5(3):171-80.Full text Abstract
148. Barra S, Providência R. Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation. Heart. 2021 Mar;107(5):419-27. Abstract
149. Apenteng PN, Virdone S, Hobbs FR, et al. Two-year outcomes of UK patients newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation: findings from the prospective observational cohort study GARFIELD-AF. Br J Gen Pract. 2022 Feb 18 [Epub ahead of print].Full text Abstract
150. Sorino M, Colonna P, De Luca L, et al. Post-cardioversion transesophageal echocardiography (POSTEC) strategy with the use of enoxaparin for brief anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation patients: the multicenter POSTEC trial (a pilot study). J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2007;8:1034-1042. Abstract
151. Miller MR, McNamara RL, Segal JB, et al. Efficacy of agents for pharmacologic conversion of atrial fibrillation and subsequent maintenance of sinus rhythm: a meta-analysis of clinical trials. J Fam Pract. 2000 Nov;49(11):1033-46. Abstract
152. Um KJ, McIntyre WF, Healey JS, et al. Pre- and post-treatment with amiodarone for elective electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Europace. 2019 Jun 1;21(6):856-63.Full text Abstract
153. Camm AJ, Capucci A, Hohnloser SH, et al; AVRO Investigators. A randomized active-controlled study comparing the efficacy and safety of vernakalant to amiodarone in recent-onset atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Jan 18;57(3):313-21.Full text Abstract
154. Ma W, Guo X, Wang Q, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis appraising efficacy and safety of vernakalant for cardioversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2020 Jul;76(1):32-41. Abstract
155. Torp-Pedersen C, Raev DH, Dickinson G, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled study of vernakalant (oral) for the prevention of atrial fibrillation recurrence after cardioversion. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2011 Oct;4(5):637-43.Full text Abstract
156. Akel T, Lafferty J. Efficacy and safety of intravenous vernakalant for the rapid conversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2018 May;23(3):e12508.Full text Abstract
157. McIntyre WF, Healey JS, Bhatnagar AK, et al. Vernakalant for cardioversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Europace. 2019 Aug 1;21(8):1159-66.Full text Abstract
158. Glikson M, Wolff R, Hindricks G, et al. EHRA/EAPCI expert consensus statement on catheter-based left atrial appendage occlusion - an update. Europace. 2020 Feb 1;22(2):184.Full text Abstract
159. Holmes DR, Reddy VY, Turi ZG, et al. Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage versus warfarin therapy for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2009 Aug 15;374(9689):534-42. Abstract
160. Park JW, Bethencourt A, Sievert H, et al. Left atrial appendage closure with Amplatzer cardiac plug in atrial fibrillation: initial European experience. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 Apr 1;77(5):700-6. Abstract
161. Bartus K, Han FT, Bednarek J, et al. Percutaneous left atrial appendage suture ligation using the LARIAT device in patients with atrial fibrillation: initial clinical experience. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Jul 9;62(2):108-18.Full text Abstract
162. Kar S, Doshi SK, Sadhu A, et al. Primary outcome evaluation of a next-generation left atrial appendage closure device: results from the PINNACLE FLX trial. Circulation. 2021 May 4;143(18):1754-62.Full text Abstract
163. Whitlock RP, Belley-Cote EP, Paparella D, et al. Left atrial appendage occlusion during cardiac surgery to prevent stroke. N Engl J Med. 2021 Jun 3;384(22):2081-91.Full text Abstract
164. Andrade JG, Aguilar M, Atzema C, et al. The 2020 Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian Heart Rhythm Society comprehensive guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Can J Cardiol. 2020 Dec;36(12):1847-1948.Full text Abstract
165. Lip GYH, Banerjee A, Boriani G, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation: CHEST guideline and Expert Panel report. Chest. 2018 Nov;154(5):1121-201.Full text Abstract
166. Epstein AE, Dimarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, et al. 2012 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update incorporated into the ACCF/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities. Circulation. 2013 Jan 22;127(3):e283-352.Full text Abstract
167. Steffel J, Collins R, Antz M, et al. 2021 European Heart Rhythm Association practical guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation. Europace. 2021 Oct 9;23(10):1612-76.Full text Abstract
168. Vitali F, Serenelli M, Airaksinen J, et al. CHA2DS2-VASc score predicts atrial fibrillation recurrence after cardioversion: Systematic review and individual patient pooled meta-analysis. Clin Cardiol. 2019 Mar;42(3):358-64.Full text Abstract
169. Voskoboinik A, Kalman JM, De Silva A, et al. Alcohol Abstinence in Drinkers with Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2020 Jan 2;382(1):20-28.Full text Abstract
170. Jabre P, Roger VL, Murad MH, et al. Mortality associated with atrial fibrillation in patients with myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation. 2011 Apr 19;123(15):1587-93.Full text Abstract
171. Lunde ED, Nielsen PB, Riahi S, et al. Associations between socioeconomic status, atrial fibrillation, and outcomes: a systematic review. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2018 Nov;16(11):857-73. Abstract
172. Liu X, Guo L, Xiao K, et al. The obesity paradox for outcomes in atrial fibrillation: evidence from an exposure-effect analysis of prospective studies. Obes Rev. 2020 Mar;21(3):e12970. Abstract
173. Ruddox V, Sandven I, Munkhaugen J, et al. Atrial fibrillation and the risk for myocardial infarction, all-cause mortality and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017 Sep;24(14):1555-66.Full text Abstract
174. Chang TY, Lip GYH, Chen SA, et al. Importance of risk reassessment in patients with atrial fibrillation in guidelines: Assessing risk as a dynamic process. Can J Cardiol. 2019 May;35(5):611-8. Abstract
175. Abed HS, Wittert GA, Leong DP, et al. Effect of weight reduction and cardiometabolic risk factor management on symptom burden and severity in patients with atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;310:2050-2060.Full text Abstract
176. Abdul-Aziz AA, Altawil M, Lyon A, et al. Lifestyle therapy for the management of atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2018 May 1;121(9):1112-7. Abstract
Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer