Cervical cancer

Marth C, Landoni F, Mahner S, et al. Cervical cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2017 Jul 1;28(suppl_4):iv72-83. Abstract

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: cervical cancer [internet publication].Full text

Bhatla N, Aoki D, Sharma DN, et al. Cancer of the cervix uteri: 2021 update. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021 Oct;155 Suppl 1(suppl 1):28-44.Full text  Abstract

Fontham ETH, Wolf AMD, Church TR, et al. Cervical cancer screening for individuals at average risk: 2020 guideline update from the American Cancer Society CA Cancer J Clin. 2020 Sep;70(5):321-46.Full text  Abstract

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2. World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer: fact sheet. Feb 2022 [internet publication].Full text

3. European Commission: European Cancer Information System​. Cervical cancer burden in EU-27. 2021 [internet publication].Full text

4. National Cancer Institute: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Cancer stat facts: cervical cancer. 2022 [internet publication].Full text

5. Louie KS, de Sanjose S, Diaz M, et al. Early age at first sexual intercourse and early pregnancy are risk factors for cervical cancer in developing countries. Br J Cancer. 2009 Apr 7;100(7):1191-7.Full text  Abstract

6. International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer. Cervical carcinoma and sexual behavior: collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 15,461 women with cervical carcinoma and 29,164 women without cervical carcinoma from 21 epidemiological studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Apr;18(4):1060-9.Full text  Abstract

7. Appleby P, Beral V, Berrington de González A, et al. Carcinoma of the cervix and tobacco smoking: Collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 13,541 women with carcinoma of the cervix and 23,017 women without carcinoma of the cervix from 23 epidemiological studies. Int J Cancer. 2006 Mar 15;118(6):1481-95. Abstract

8. Liu G, Sharma M, Tan N, et al. HIV-positive women have higher risk of human papilloma virus infection, precancerous lesions, and cervical cancer. AIDS. 2018 Mar 27;32(6):795-808.Full text  Abstract

9. Hessol NA, Whittemore H, Vittinghoff E, et al. Incidence of first and second primary cancers diagnosed among people with HIV, 1985-2013: a population-based, registry linkage study. Lancet HIV. 2018 Nov;5(11):e647-55. Abstract

10. Grulich AE, van Leeuwen MT, Falster MO, et al. Incidence of cancers in people with HIV/AIDS compared with immunosuppressed transplant recipients: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2007 Jul 7;370(9581):59-67. Abstract

11. Parikh S, Brennan P, Boffetta P. Meta-analysis of social inequality and the risk of cervical cancer. Int J Cancer. 2003 Jul 10;105(5):687-91.Full text  Abstract

12. González CA, Travier N, Luján-Barroso L, et al. Dietary factors and in situ and invasive cervical cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study. Int J Cancer. 2011 Jul 19;129(2):449-59.Full text  Abstract

13. International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer., Appleby P, Beral V, et al. Cervical cancer and hormonal contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of individual data for 16,573 women with cervical cancer and 35,509 women without cervical cancer from 24 epidemiological studies. Lancet. 2007 Nov 10;370(9599):1609-21. Abstract

14. Landy R, Pesola F, Castañón A, et al. Impact of cervical screening on cervical cancer mortality: estimation using stage-specific results from a nested case-control study. Br J Cancer. 2016 Oct 25;115(9):1140-6.Full text  Abstract

15. Vesco KK, Whitlock EP, Eder M, et al. Screening for cervical cancer: a systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2011 May.Full text  Abstract

16. Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, et al. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol. 1999 Sep;189(1):12-9. Abstract

17. Muñoz N, Bosch FX, de Sanjosé S, et al. Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003 Feb 6;348(6):518-27.Full text  Abstract

18. Castellsague X, Diaz M, de Sanjose S, et al. Worldwide human papillomavirus etiology of cervical adenocarcinoma and its cofactors: implications for screening and prevention. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Mar 1;98(5):303-15. Abstract

19. Ho GY, Bierman R, Beardsley L, et al. Natural history of cervicovaginal papillomavirus infection in young women. N Engl J Med. 1998 Feb 12;338(7):423-8.Full text  Abstract

20. Franco EL, Villa LL, Sobrinho JP, et al. Epidemiology of acquisition and clearance of cervical human papillomavirus infection in women from a high-risk area for cervical cancer. J Infect Dis. 1999 Nov;180(5):1415-23.Full text  Abstract

21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Manual for the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases. Chapter 5: Human papillomavirus. 28 Apr 2020 [internet publication].Full text

22. Mayrand MH, Duarte-Franco E, Rodrigues I, et al; Canadian Cervical Cancer Screening Trial Study Group. Human papillomavirus DNA versus Papanicolaou screening tests for cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2007 Oct 18;357(16):1579-88.Full text  Abstract

23. Watson RA. Human papillomavirus: confronting the epidemic – a urologist's perspective. Rev Urol. 2005 Summer;7(3):135-44.Full text  Abstract

24. Schwarz E, Freese UK, Gissmann L, et al. Structure and transcription of human papillomavirus sequences in cervical carcinoma cells. Nature. 1985 Mar 7-13;314(6006):111-4. Abstract

25. Yim EK, Park JS. The role of HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins in HPV-associated cervical carcinogenesis. Cancer Res Treat. 2005 Dec;37(6):319-24.Full text  Abstract

26. McCredie MR, Sharples KJ, Paul C, et al. Natural history of cervical neoplasia and risk of invasive cancer in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2008 May;9(5):425-34. Abstract

27. Ferenczy A, Franco E. Persistent human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia. Lancet Oncol. 2002 Jan;3(1):11-6. Abstract

28. Rositch AF, Nowak RG, Gravitt PE. Increased age and race-specific incidence of cervical cancer after correction for hysterectomy prevalence in the United States from 2000 to 2009. Cancer. 2014 Jul 1;120(13):2032-8.Full text  Abstract

29. Feldman S, Cook E, Davis M, et al. Cervical cancer incidence among elderly women in Massachusetts compared with younger women. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2018 Oct;22(4):314-17.Full text  Abstract

30. Biggar RJ, Chaturvedi AK, Goedert JJ, et al. AIDS-related cancer and severity of immunosuppression in persons with AIDS. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Jun 20;99(12):962-72. Abstract

31. International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer; Appleby P, Beral V, Berrington de González A, et al. Carcinoma of the cervix and tobacco smoking: collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 13,541 women with carcinoma of the cervix and 23,017 women without carcinoma of the cervix from 23 epidemiological studies. Int J Cancer. 2006 Mar 15;118(6):1481-95.Full text  Abstract

32. Castellsagué X, Muñoz N. Chapter 3: Cofactors in human papillomavirus carcinogenesis: role of parity, oral contraceptives, and tobacco smoking. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2003;(31):20-8. Abstract

33. International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer. Comparison of risk factors for invasive squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the cervix: collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 8,097 women with squamous cell carcinoma and 1,374 women with adenocarcinoma from 12 epidemiological studies. Int J Cancer. 2007 Feb 15;120(4):885-91. Abstract

34. Iversen L, Sivasubramaniam S, Lee AJ, et al. Lifetime cancer risk and combined oral contraceptives: the Royal College of General Practitioners' oral contraception study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jun;216(6):580.e1-9.Full text  Abstract

35. International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer. Cervical carcinoma and reproductive factors: collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 16,563 women with cervical carcinoma and 33,542 women without cervical carcinoma from 25 epidemiological studies. Int J Cancer. 2006 Sep 1;119(5):1108-24.Full text  Abstract

36. Potischman N, Brinton LA. Nutrition and cervical neoplasia. Cancer Causes Control. 1996 Jan;7(1):113-26. Abstract

37. Yeo AS, Schiff MA, Montoya G, et al. Serum micronutrients and cervical dysplasia in Southwestern American Indian women. Nutr Cancer. 2000;38(2):141-50. Abstract

38. Cao D, Shen K, Li Z, et al. Association between vitamin C Intake and the risk of cervical neoplasia: a meta-analysis. Nutr Cancer. 2016;68(1):48-57. Abstract

39. Hu X, Li S, Zhou L, et al. Effect of vitamin E supplementation on uterine cervical neoplasm: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. PLoS One. 2017 Aug 22;12(8):e0183395.Full text  Abstract

40. Sikström B, Hellberg D, Nilsson S, et al. Smoking, alcohol, sexual behaviour and drug use in women with cervical human papillomavirus infection. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 1995;256(3):131-7. Abstract

41. Joura EA, Giuliano AR, Iversen OE, et al. A 9-valent HPV vaccine against infection and intraepithelial neoplasia in women. N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 19;372(8):711-23.Full text  Abstract

42. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Supplemental information and guidance for vaccination providers regarding use of 9-valent HPV vaccine. Nov 2016 [internet publication].Full text

43. Munoz N, Manalastas R Jr, Pitisuttithum P, et al. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) recombinant vaccine in women aged 24-45 years: a randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2009 Jun 6;373(9679):1949-57. Abstract

44. Koutsky LA, Ault KA, Wheeler CM, et al. A controlled trial of a human papillomavirus type 16 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2002 Nov 21;347(21):1645-51. Abstract

45. Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler C, et al. Efficacy of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine in prevention of infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in young women: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004 Nov 13-19;364(9447):1757-65. Abstract

46. Arbyn M, Xu L, Simoens C, et al. Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 May 9;(5):CD009069.Full text  Abstract

47. Brisson M, Kim JJ, Canfell K, et al. Impact of HPV vaccination and cervical screening on cervical cancer elimination: a comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Lancet. 2020 Feb 22;395(10224):575-90.Full text  Abstract

48. Marth C, Landoni F, Mahner S, et al. Cervical cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2017 Jul 1;28(suppl_4):iv72-83. Abstract

49. Lei J, Ploner A, Elfström KM, et al. HPV vaccination and the risk of invasive cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020 Oct 1;383(14):1340-48.Full text  Abstract

50. Braaten KP, Laufer MR. Human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV-related disease, and the HPV vaccine. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Winter;1(1):2-10.Full text  Abstract

51. UK Health Security Agency. Human papillomavirus (HPV): the green book, chapter 18a. Mar 2022 [internet publication].Full text

52. UK Health Security Agency. HPV vaccination guidance for healthcare practitioners (version 6). Apr 2022 [internet publication].Full text

53. Saslow D, Andrews KS, Manassaram-Baptiste D, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination 2020 guideline update: American Cancer Society guideline adaptation. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020 Jul;70(4):274-80.Full text  Abstract

54. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Child and adolescent immunization schedule. Recommendations for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2022. Feb 2022 [internet publication].Full text

55. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adult immunization schedule. Recommendations for ages 19 years or older, United States, 2022. Feb 2022 [internet publication].Full text

56. Panel on Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV: recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 11 Jan 2023 [internet publication].Full text

57. Meites E, Szilagyi PG, Chesson HW, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination for adults: updated recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019 Aug 16;68(32):698-702.Full text  Abstract

58. Parazzini F, Negri E, La Vecchia C, et al. Barrier methods of contraception and the risk of cervical neoplasia. Contraception. 1989 Nov;40(5):519-30. Abstract

59. Erbelding EJ, Zenilman JM. Toward better control of sexually transmitted diseases. N Engl J Med. 2005 Feb 17;352(7):720-1. Abstract

60. Bulkmans NW, Berkhof J, Rozendaal L, et al. Human papillomavirus DNA testing for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 and cancer: 5-year follow-up of a randomised controlled implementation trial. Lancet. 2007 Nov 24;370(9601):1764-72. Abstract

61. Cortessis VK, Barrett M, Brown Wade N, et al. Intrauterine device use and cervical cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Dec;130(6):1226-36. Abstract

62. Spotnitz ME, Natarajan K, Ryan PB, et al. Relative risk of cervical neoplasms among copper and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system users. Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Feb;135(2):319-27.Full text  Abstract

63. Jandorf L, Fatone A, Borker PV, et al. Creating alliances to improve cancer prevention and detection among urban medically underserved minority groups: the East Harlem Partnership for Cancer Awareness. Cancer. 2006 Oct 15;107(8 suppl):2043-51.Full text  Abstract

64. Siebers AG, Klinkhamer PJ, Grefte JM, et al. Comparison of liquid-based cytology with conventional cytology for detection of cervical cancer precursors: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009 Oct 28;302(16):1757-64.Full text  Abstract

65. Koliopoulos G, Nyaga VN, Santesso N, et al. Cytology versus HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in the general population. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Aug 10;(8):CD008587.Full text  Abstract

66. Ogilvie GS, van Niekerk D, Krajden M, et al. Effect of screening with primary cervical HPV testing vs cytology testing on high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia at 48 months: the HPV FOCAL randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018 Jul 3;320(1):43-52.Full text  Abstract

67. Solomon D, Davey D, Kurman R, et al. The 2001 Bethesda system: terminology for reporting results of cervical cytology. JAMA. 2002 Apr 24;287(16):2114-9. Abstract

68. Nayar R, Wilbur DC. The Pap test and Bethesda 2014. Cancer Cytopathol. 2015 May;123(5):271-81.Full text  Abstract

69. Wang J, Andrae B, Sundström K, et al. Risk of invasive cervical cancer after atypical glandular cells in cervical screening: nationwide cohort study. BMJ. 2016 Feb 11;352:i276.Full text  Abstract

70. National Cancer Institute Workshop. The 1988 Bethesda System for reporting cervical/vaginal cytological diagnoses. JAMA. 1989 Aug 18;262(7):931-4. Abstract

71. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: cervical cancer [internet publication].Full text

72. Bhatla N, Aoki D, Sharma DN, et al. Cancer of the cervix uteri: 2021 update. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021 Oct;155 Suppl 1(suppl 1):28-44.Full text  Abstract

73. Benedet JL, Bender H, Jones H 3rd, et al. FIGO staging classifications and clinical practice guidelines in the management of gynecologic cancers. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2000 Aug;70(2):209-62. Abstract

74. Choi HJ, Ju W, Myung SK, et al. Diagnostic performance of computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography or positron emission tomography/computer tomography for detection of metastatic lymph nodes in patients with cervical cancer: meta-analysis. Cancer Sci. 2010 Jun;101(6):1471-9.Full text  Abstract

75. Unger JB, Ivy JJ, Connor P, et al. Detection of recurrent cervical cancer by whole-body FDG PET scan in asymptomatic and symptomatic women. Gynecol Oncol. 2004 Jul;94(1):212-6. Abstract

76. Loft A, Berthelsen AK, Roed H, et al. The diagnostic value of PET/CT scanning in patients with cervical cancer: a prospective study. Gynecol Oncol. 2007 Jul;106(1):29-34. Abstract

77. Gee MS, Atri M, Bandos AI, et al. Identification of distant metastatic disease in uterine cervical and endometrial cancers with FDG PET/CT: analysis from the ACRIN 6671/GOG 0233 multicenter trial. Radiology. 2018 Apr;287(1):176-84.Full text  Abstract

78. Schmidt D, Bergeron C, Denton KJ, et al. p16/ki-67 dual-stain cytology in the triage of ASCUS and LSIL Papanicolaou cytology: results from the European equivocal or mildly abnormal Papanicolaou cytology study. Cancer Cytopathol. 2011 Jun 25;119(3):158-66.Full text  Abstract

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80. Bhatla N, Berek JS, Cuello Fredes M, et al. Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2019 Apr;145(1):129-35. Abstract

81. Corrigendum to "Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the cervix uteri" [Int J Gynecol Obstet 145(2019) 129-135]. 2019 Nov;147(2):279-80.Full text  Abstract

82. Union for International Cancer Control Classification. UICC and the TNM classification of malignant tumours. June 2021 [internet publication].Full text

83. Bloomfield HE, Olson A, Greer N, et al. Screening pelvic examinations in asymptomatic, average-risk adult women: an evidence report for a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Jul 1;161(1):46-53.Full text  Abstract

84. Melnikow J, Henderson JT, Burda BU, et al. Screening for cervical cancer with high-risk human papillomavirus testing: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2018 Aug 21;320(7):687-705.Full text  Abstract

85. Fontham ETH, Wolf AMD, Church TR, et al. Cervical cancer screening for individuals at average risk: 2020 guideline update from the American Cancer Society CA Cancer J Clin. 2020 Sep;70(5):321-46.Full text  Abstract

86. Committee on Practice Bulletins—Gynecology. Practice bulletin no. 168: cervical cancer screening and prevention. Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Oct;128(4):e111-30. Abstract

87. Sawaya GF, Kulasingam S, Denberg TD, et al. Cervical cancer screening in average-risk women: best practice advice from the Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Jun 16;162(12):851-9.Full text  Abstract

88. Saslow D, Solomon D, Lawson HW, et al. American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012 Apr;137(4):516-42.Full text  Abstract

89. US Preventive Services Task Force; Curry SJ, Krist AH, Owens DK, et al. Screening for cervical cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2018 Aug 21;320(7):674-86.Full text  Abstract

90. WHO guideline for screening and treatment of cervical pre-cancer lesions for cervical cancer prevention [Internet]. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021.Full text  Abstract

91. World Health Organization. WHO guideline for screening and treatment of cervical pre-cancer lesions for cervical cancer prevention, second edition: use of mRNA tests for human papillomavirus (‎HPV)‎. Dec 2021 [internet publication].Full text

92. Public Health England. Cervical screening: implementation guide for primary HPV screening. 4 Jan 2023 [internet publication].Full text

93. Bentivegna E, Gouy S, Maulard A, et al. Oncological outcomes after fertility-sparing surgery for cervical cancer: a systematic review. Lancet Oncol. 2016 Jun;17(6):e240-53. Abstract

94. Kyrgiou M, Athanasiou A, Paraskevaidi M, et al. Adverse obstetric outcomes after local treatment for cervical preinvasive and early invasive disease according to cone depth: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2016 Jul 28;354:i3633.Full text  Abstract

95. Peters WA 3rd, Liu PY, Barrett RJ 2nd, et al. Concurrent chemotherapy and pelvic radiation therapy compared with pelvic radiation therapy alone as adjuvant therapy after radical surgery in high-risk early-stage cancer of the cervix. J Clin Oncol. 2000 Apr;18(8):1606-13. Abstract

96. Morris M, Eifel PJ, Lu J, et al. Pelvic radiation with concurrent chemotherapy compared with pelvic and para-aortic radiation for high-risk cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 1999 Apr 15;340(15):1137-43.Full text  Abstract

97. Keys HM, Bundy BN, Stehman FB, et al. Cisplatin, radiation, and adjuvant hysterectomy compared with radiation and adjuvant hysterectomy for bulky stage IB cervical carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 1999 Apr 15;340(15):1154-61.Full text  Abstract

98. Green JA, Kirwan JM, Tierney JF, et al. Survival and recurrence after concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer of the uterine cervix: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2001 Sep 8;358(9284):781-6. Abstract

99. Whitney CW, Sause W, Bundy BN, et al. Randomized comparison of fluorouracil plus cisplatin versus hydroxyurea as an adjunct to radiation therapy in stage IIB-IVA carcinoma of the cervix with negative para-aortic lymph nodes: a Gynecologic Oncology Group and Southwest Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol. 1999 May;17(5):1339-48. Abstract

100. Rose PG, Bundy BN, Watkins EB, et al. Concurrent cisplatin-based radiotherapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 1999 Apr 15;340(15):1144-53.Full text  Abstract

101. Dueñas-González A, Zarbá JJ, Patel F, et al. Phase III, open-label, randomized study comparing concurrent gemcitabine plus cisplatin and radiation followed by adjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin versus concurrent cisplatin and radiation in patients with stage IIB to IVA carcinoma of the cervix. J Clin Oncol. 2011 May 1;29(13):1678-85.Full text  Abstract

102. Landoni F, Maneo A, Cormio G, et al. Class II versus class III radical hysterectomy in stage IB-IIA cervical cancer: a prospective randomized study. Gynecol Oncol. 2001 Jan;80(1):3-12. Abstract

103. Ramirez PT, Frumovitz M, Pareja R, et al. Minimally invasive versus abdominal radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018 Oct 31;379(20):1895-904. Abstract

104. Uppal S, Gehrig PA, Peng K, et al. Recurrence rates in patients with cervical cancer treated with abdominal versus minimally invasive radical hysterectomy: a multi-institutional retrospective review study. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Apr 1;38(10):1030-40. Abstract

105. Melamed A, Margul DJ, Chen L, et al. Survival after minimally invasive radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018 Oct 31;379(20):1905-14. Abstract

106. Fader AN. Surgery in cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018 Oct 31;379(20):1955-7. Abstract

107. Sedlis A, Bundy BN, Rotman MZ, et al. A randomized trial of pelvic radiation therapy versus no further therapy in selected patients with stage IB carcinoma of the cervix after radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol Oncol. 1999 May;73(2):177-83. Abstract

108. Kim H, Park W, Kim YS, et al. Chemoradiotherapy is not superior to radiotherapy alone after radical surgery for cervical cancer patients with intermediate-risk factor. J Gynecol Oncol. 2020 May;31(3):e35.Full text  Abstract

109. ClinicalTrials.gov (US). Radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy in patients with stage I-IIA cervical cancer who previously underwent surgery (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01101451). 24 May 2022 [internet publication]​.Full text

110. Gien LT, Covens A. Fertility-sparing options for early stage cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2010 May;117(2):350-7. Abstract

111. Bentivegna E, Maulard A, Pautier P, et al. Fertility results and pregnancy outcomes after conservative treatment of cervical cancer: a systematic review of the literature. Fertil Steril. 2016 Oct;106(5):1195-211;e5.Full text  Abstract

112. Green J, Kirwan J, Tierney J, et al. Concomitant chemotherapy and radiation therapy for cancer of the uterine cervix. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Jul 20;(3):CD002225.Full text  Abstract

113. Rose PG, Ali S, Watkins E, et al. Long-term follow-up of a randomized trial comparing concurrent single agent cisplatin, cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy, or hydroxyurea during pelvic irradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Jul 1;25(19):2804-10.Full text  Abstract

114. Pötter R, Tanderup K, Schmid MP, et al. MRI-guided adaptive brachytherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer (EMBRACE-I): a multicentre prospective cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2021 Apr;22(4):538-47. Abstract

115. Sturdza AE, Knoth J. Image-guided brachytherapy in cervical cancer including fractionation. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2022 Mar;32(3):273-80.Full text  Abstract

116. Eifel PJ, Winter K, Morris M, et al. Pelvic irradiation with concurrent chemotherapy versus pelvic and para-aortic irradiation for high-risk cervical cancer: an update of radiation therapy oncology group trial (RTOG) 90-01. J Clin Oncol. 2004 Mar 1;22(5):872-80.Full text  Abstract

117. Lanciano RM, Won M, Coia LR, et al. Pretreatment and treatment factors associated with improved outcome in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a final report of the 1973 and 1978 patterns of care studies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1991 Apr;20(4):667-76. Abstract

118. Hanks GE, Herring DF, Kramer S. Patterns of care outcome studies: results of the national practice in cancer of the cervix. Cancer. 1983 Mar 1;51(5):959-67.Full text  Abstract

119. Coia L, Won M, Lanciano R, et al. The patterns of care outcome study for cancer of the uterine cervix: results of the second national practice survey. Cancer. 1990 Dec 15;66(12):2451-6. Abstract

120. Montana GS, Martz KL, Hanks GE. Patterns and sites of failure in cervix cancer treated in the U.S.A. in 1978. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1991 Jan;20(1):87-93. Abstract

121. Höckel M, Dornhöfer N. Pelvic exenteration for gynaecological tumours: achievements and unanswered questions. Lancet Oncol. 2006 Oct;7(10):837-47. Abstract

122. Peccatori FA, Azim HA Jr, Orecchia R, et al. Cancer, pregnancy and fertility: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2013 Oct;24(suppl 6):vi160-70.Full text  Abstract

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124. Zagouri F, Sergentanis TN, Chrysikos D, et al. Platinum derivatives during pregnancy in cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Feb;121(2 Pt 1):337-43. Abstract

125. Janku F, Wheler JJ, Westin SN, et al. PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors in patients with breast and gynecologic malignancies harboring PIK3CA mutations. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Mar 10;30(8):777-82.Full text  Abstract

126. Juric D, Rodon J, Tabernero J, et al. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase α-selective inhibition with alpelisib (BYL719) in PIK3CA-altered solid tumors: results from the first-in-human study. J Clin Oncol. 2018 May 1;36(13):1291-9.Full text  Abstract

127. Symonds RP, Gourley C, Davidson S, et al. Cediranib combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer (CIRCCa): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015 Nov;16(15):1515-24.Full text  Abstract

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