Erectile dysfunction

Dewitte M, Bettocchi C, Carvalho J, et al. A psychosocial approach to erectile dysfunction: position statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM). Sex Med. 2021 Dec;9(6):100434.Full text  Abstract

Burnett AL, Nehra A, Breau RH, et al. Erectile dysfunction: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2018 Sep;200(3):633-41.Full text  Abstract

Nehra A, Jackson G, Miner M, et al. The Princeton III Consensus recommendations for the management of erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012 Aug;87(8):766-78.Full text  Abstract

Rosen RC, Cappelleri JC, Smith MD, et al. Development and evaluation of an abridged, 5-item version of the international index of erectile function (IIEF-5) as a diagnostic tool for erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res. 1999 Dec;11(6):319-26. Abstract

1. McCabe MP, Sharlip ID, Atalla E, et al. Definitions of sexual dysfunctions in women and men: a consensus statement from the fourth international consultation on sexual medicine 2015. J Sex Med. 2016 Feb;13(2):135-43. Abstract

2. National Institutes of Health. Impotence: NIH consensus development panel on impotence. JAMA. 1993 Jul 7;270(1):83-90. Abstract

3. Lizza EF, Rosen RC. Definition and classification of erectile dysfunction: report of the nomenclature committee of the International Society of Impotence Research. Int J Impot Res. 1999 Jun;11(3):141-3. Abstract

4. Auld RB, Brock G. Sexuality and erectile dysfunction: results of a national survey. J Sex Reprod Med. 2002;2(2):50-4.Full text

5. Kessler A, Sollie S, Challacombe B, et al. The global prevalence of erectile dysfunction: a review. BJU Int. 2019 Oct;124(4):587-99. Abstract

6. Braun M, Wassmer G, Klotz T, et al. Epidemiology of erectile dysfunction: results of the 'Cologne Male Survey'. Int J Impot Res. 2000 Dec;12(6):305-11.Full text  Abstract

7. Moreira ED Jr, Lbo CF, Diament A, et al. Incidence of erectile dysfunction in men 40 to 69 years old: results from a population-based cohort study in Brazil. Urology. 2003 Feb;61(2):431-6. Abstract

8. Schouten BW, Bosch JL, Bernsen RM, et al. Incidence rates of erectile dysfunction in the Dutch general population. Effects of definition, clinical relevance and duration of follow-up in the Krimpen Study. Int J Impot Res. 2005 Jan-Feb;17(1):58-62.Full text  Abstract

9. Feldman HA, Goldstein I, Hatzichristou DG, et al. Impotence and its medical and psychosocial correlates: results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Urol. 1994 Jan;151(1):54-61. Abstract

10. Johannes CB, Araujo AB, Feldman HA, et al. Incidence of erectile dysfunction in men 40 to 69 years old: longitudinal results from the Massachusetts male aging study. J Urol. 2000 Feb;163(2):460-3. Abstract

11. Capogrosso P, Colicchia M, Ventimiglia E, et al. One patient out of four with newly diagnosed erectile dysfunction is a young man - worrisome picture from the everyday clinical practice. J Sex Med. 2013 Jul;10(7):1833-41. Abstract

12. Calzo JP, Austin SB, Charlton BM, et al. Erectile dysfunction in a sample of sexually active young adult men from a U.S. cohort: demographic, metabolic and mental health correlates. J Urol. 2021 Feb;205(2):539-44. Abstract

13. Saigal CS, Wessells H, Pace J, et al. Predictors and prevalence of erectile dysfunction in a racially diverse population. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Jan 23;166(2):207-12.Full text  Abstract

14. Kupelian V, Link CL, Rosen RC, et al. Socioeconomic status, not race/ethnicity, contributes to variation in the prevalence of erectile dysfunction: results from the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey. J Sex Med. 2008 Jun;5(6):1325-33. Abstract

15. Yafi FA, Jenkins L, Albersen M, et al. Erectile dysfunction. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016 Feb 4;2:16003.Full text  Abstract

16. Dewitte M, Bettocchi C, Carvalho J, et al. A psychosocial approach to erectile dysfunction: position statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM). Sex Med. 2021 Dec;9(6):100434.Full text  Abstract

17. Shamloul R, Ghanem H. Erectile dysfunction. Lancet. 2013 Jan 12;381(9861):153-65. Abstract

18. Goldstein I. Male sexual circuitry. Sci Am. 2000 Aug;283(2):70-5.

19. Cignarelli A, Genchi VA, D'Oria R, et al. Role of glucose-lowering medications in erectile dysfunction. J Clin Med. 2021 Jun 5;10(11):2501.Full text  Abstract

20. Salvio G, Martino M, Giancola G, et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary diseases and erectile dysfunction. J Clin Med. 2021 Jun 9;10(12):2551.Full text  Abstract

21. Guay AT, Spark RF, Bansal S, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for the evaluation and treatment of male sexual dysfunction: a couple's problem--2003 update. Endocr Pract. 2003 Jan-Feb;9(1):77-95. Abstract

22. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Prostate cancer: diagnosis and management. Dec 2021 [internet publication].Full text

23. Dean RC, Lue TF. Physiology of penile erection and pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction. Urol Clin North Am. 2005 Nov;32(4):379-95, v.Full text  Abstract

24. McCabe MP, Althof SE. A systematic review of the psychosocial outcomes associated with erectile dysfunction: does the impact of erectile dysfunction extend beyond a man's inability to have sex? J Sex Med. 2014 Feb;11(2):347-63. Abstract

25. Li S, Song JM, Zhang K, et al. A meta-analysis of erectile dysfunction and alcohol consumption. Urol Int. 2021;105(11-12):969-85. Abstract

26. Reffelmann T, Kloner RA. Sexual function in hypertensive patients receiving treatment. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2006;2(4):447-55.Full text  Abstract

27. Burchardt M, Burchardt T, Baer L, et al. Hypertension is associated with severe erectile dysfunction. J Urol. 2000 Oct;164(4):1188-91. Abstract

28. Maas R, Schwedhelm E, Albsmeier J, et al. The pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction related to endothelial dysfunction and mediators of vascular function. Vasc Med. 2002 Aug;7(3):213-25. Abstract

29. Tóth PP, Potter D, Ming EE. Prevalence of lipid abnormalities in the United States: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006. J Clin Lipidol. 2012 Jul-Aug;6(4):325-30.Full text  Abstract

30. Kim SC. Hyperlipidemia and erectile dysfunction. Asian J Androl. 2000 Sep;2(3):161-6.Full text  Abstract

31. Kouidrat Y, Pizzol D, Cosco T, et al. High prevalence of erectile dysfunction in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 145 studies. Diabet Med. 2017 Sep;34(9):1185-92. Abstract

32. De Berardis G, Pellegrini F, Franciosi M, et al; Quality of Care and Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Study Group. Identifying patients with type 2 diabetes with a higher likelihood of erectile dysfunction: the role of the interaction between clinical and psychological factors. J Urol. 2003 Apr;169(4):1422-8. Abstract

33. Stehouwer CD, Lamber J, Konker AJ, et al. Endothelial dysfunction and pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy. Cardiovasc Res. 1997 Apr;34(1):55-68. Abstract

34. Pizzol D, Smith L, Fontana L, et al. Associations between body mass index, waist circumference and erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and META-analysis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2020 Dec;21(4):657-66.Full text  Abstract

35. Corona G, Rastrelli G, Filippi S, et al. Erectile dysfunction and central obesity: an Italian perspective. Asian J Androl. 2014 Jul-Aug;16(4):581-91.Full text  Abstract

36. Feldman HA, Johannes CB, Derby CA, et al. Erectile dysfunction and coronary risk factors: prospective results from the Massachusetts male aging study. Prev Med. 2000 Apr;30(4):328-38. Abstract

37. Kovac JR, Labbate C, Ramasamy R, et al. Effects of cigarette smoking on erectile dysfunction. Andrologia. 2015 Dec;47(10):1087-92.Full text  Abstract

38. Burnett AL. Metabolic syndrome, endothelial dysfunction, and erectile dysfunction: association and management. Curr Urol Rep. 2005 Nov;6(6):470-5. Abstract

39. Demir T, Demir O, Kefi A, et al. Prevalence of erectile dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome. Int J Urol. 2006 Apr;13(4):385-8. Abstract

40. Shridharani AN, Brant WO. The treatment of erectile dysfunction in patients with neurogenic disease. Transl Androl Urol. 2016 Feb;5(1):88-101.Full text  Abstract

41. Walsh PC, Donker PJ. Impotence following radical prostatectomy: insight into etiology and prevention. J Urol. 1982 Sep;128(3):492-7. Abstract

42. Yeager ES, Van Heerden JA. Sexual dysfunction following proctocolectomy and abdominoperineal resection. Ann Surg. 1980 Feb;191(2):169-70.Full text  Abstract

43. Padma-Nathan H, McCullough A, Forest C. Erectile dysfunction secondary to nerve-sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy: comparative phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor efficacy for therapy and novel prevention strategies. Curr Urol Rep. 2004 Dec;5(6):467-71. Abstract

44. Wright JL, Nathens AB, Rivara FP, et al. Specific fracture configurations predict sexual and excretory dysfunction in men and women 1 year after pelvic fracture. J Urol. 2006 Oct;176(4 Pt 1):1540-5; discussion 1545. Abstract

45. Nehra A, Alterowitz R, Culkin DJ, et al. Peyronie's Disease: AUA Guideline. J Urol. 2015 Jun 9;194(3):745-53.Full text  Abstract

46. Rosen RC, Lane RM, Menza M. Effects of SSRIs on sexual function: a critical review. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1999 Feb;19(1):67-85. Abstract

47. Shindel AW, Althof SE, Carrier S, et al. Disorders of ejaculation: an AUA/SMSNA guideline. J Urol. 2022 Mar;207(3):504-12.Full text  Abstract

48. Bhasin S, Brito JP, Cunningham GR, et al. Testosterone therapy in men with hypogonadism: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 May 1;103(5):1715-44.Full text  Abstract

49. Ricchiuti VS, Haas CA, Seftel AD, et al. Pudendal nerve injury associated with avid bicycling. J Urol. 1999 Dec;162(6):2099-100. Abstract

50. Egerdie RB, Auerbach S, Roehrborn CG, et al. Tadalafil 2.5 or 5 mg administered once daily for 12 weeks in men with both erectile dysfunction and signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. J Sex Med. 2012 Jan;9(1):271-81. Abstract

51. Burnett AL, Nehra A, Breau RH, et al. Erectile dysfunction: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2018 Sep;200(3):633-41.Full text  Abstract

52. Nehra A, Jackson G, Miner M, et al. The Princeton III Consensus recommendations for the management of erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012 Aug;87(8):766-78.Full text  Abstract

53. Rosen RC, Riley A, Wagner G, et al. The international index of erectile function (IIEF): a multidimensional scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction. Urology. 1997 Jun;49(6):822-30. Abstract

54. Rosen RC, Cappelleri JC, Smith MD, et al. Development and evaluation of an abridged, 5-item version of the international index of erectile function (IIEF-5) as a diagnostic tool for erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res. 1999 Dec;11(6):319-26. Abstract

55. Moreland RB, Nehra A. Pathophysiology of Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res. 2002 Oct;14(5):406-10. Abstract

56. Ciocanel O, Power K, Eriksen A. Interventions to treat erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation: an overview of systematic reviews. Sex Med. 2019 Sep;7(3):251-69.Full text  Abstract

57. Gholami SS, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF, Lin CS, et al. Peyronie's disease: a review. J Urol. 2003 Apr;169(4):1234-41. Abstract

58. Lue TF, Giuliano F, Montorsi F, et al. Summary of the recommendations on sexual dysfunctions in men. J Sex Med. 2004 Jul;1(1):6-23. Abstract

59. Spratt DI, Bigos ST, Beitins I, et al. Both hyper- and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism occur transiently in acute illness: bio- and immunoactive gonadotropins. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992 Dec;75(6):1562-70. Abstract

60. Baskin HJ, Cobin RH, Duick DS, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for evaluation and treatment of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Endocr Pract. 2002 Nov-Dec;8(6):457-69. Abstract

61. Bivalacqua TJ, Allen BK, Brock G, et al. Acute ischemic priapism: an AUA/SMSNA guideline. J Urol. 2021 Nov;206(5):1114-21.Full text  Abstract

62. Bivalacqua TJ, Allen BK, Brock GB, et al. The diagnosis and management of recurrent ischemic priapism, priapism in sickle sell patients, and non-ischemic priapism: an AUA/SMSNA guideline. J Urol. 2022 Jul;208(1):43-52.Full text  Abstract

63. Rosen RC, Cappelleri JC, Gendrano N 3rd. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF): a state-of-the-science review. Int J Impot Res. 2002 Aug;14(4):226-44.Full text  Abstract

64. Cappelleri JC, Rosen RC, Smith MD, et al. Diagnostic evaluation of the erectile function domain of the international index of erectile function. Urology. 1999 Aug;54(2):346-51. Abstract

65. European Association of Urology. Sexual and reproductive health. 2022 [internet publication].​Full text

66. Wing RR, Rosen RC, Fava JL, et al. Effects of weight loss intervention on erectile function in older men with type 2 diabetes in the Look AHEAD trial. J Sex Med. 2010 Jan;7(1 Pt 1):156-65. Abstract

67. Gupta BP, Murad MH, Clifton MM, et al. The effect of lifestyle modification and cardiovascular risk factor reduction on erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2011 Nov 14;171(20):1797-803.Full text  Abstract

68. Salonia A, Adaikan G, Buvat J, et al. Sexual rehabilitation after treatment for prostate cancer-part 2: recommendations from the Fourth International Consultation for Sexual Medicine (ICSM 2015). J Sex Med. 2017 Mar;14(3):297-315.Full text  Abstract

69. Hatzimouratidis K, Salonia A, Adaikan G, et al. Pharmacotherapy for erectile dysfunction: recommendations from the Fourth International Consultation for Sexual Medicine (ICSM 2015). J Sex Med. 2016 Mar 25;13(4):465-88. Abstract

70. Pyrgidis N, Mykoniatis I, Haidich AB, et al. The effect of phosphodiesterase-type 5 inhibitors on erectile function: an overview of systematic reviews. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:735708.Full text  Abstract

71. Yafi FA, Sharlip ID, Becher EF. Update on the safety of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Sex Med Rev. 2018 Apr;6(2):242-52. Abstract

72. Azzouni F, Abu Samra K. Are phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors associated with vision-threatening adverse events? A critical analysis and review of the literature. J Sex Med. 2011 Oct;8(10):2894-903. Abstract

73. Zhou Z, Chen H, Wu J, et al. Meta-analysis of the long-term efficacy and tolerance of tadalafil daily compared with tadalafil on-demand in treating men with erectile dysfunction. Sex Med. 2019 Sep;7(3):282-91.Full text  Abstract

74. Kim E, Seftel A, Goldfischer E, et al. Comparative efficacy of tadalafil once daily in men with erectile dysfunction who demonstrated previous partial responses to as-needed sildenafil, tadalafil, or vardenafil. Curr Med Res Opin. 2014 Dec 2;31(2):379-89. Abstract

75. Loeb S, Folkvaljon Y, Lambe M, et al. Use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction and risk of malignant melanoma. JAMA. 2015 Jun 23-30;313(24):2449-55.Full text  Abstract

76. Jenkins LC, Hall M, Deveci S, et al. An evaluation of a clinical care pathway for the management of men with nonorganic erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2019 Oct;16(10):1541-6.Full text  Abstract

77. Khera M, Goldstein I. Erectile dysfunction. BMJ Clin Evid. 2011 Jun 29;2011. pii: 1803.Full text  Abstract

78. Costa P, Potempa AJ. Intraurethral alprostadil for erectile dysfunction: a review of the literature. Drugs. 2012 Dec 3;72(17):2243-54. Abstract

79. Anaissie J, Hellstrom WJ. Clinical use of alprostadil topical cream in patients with erectile dysfunction: a review. Res Rep Urol. 2016;8:123-31.Full text  Abstract

80. Babaei AR, Safarinejad MR, Kolahi AA, et al. Penile revascularization for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness and complications. Urol J. 2009 Winter;6(1):1-7.Full text  Abstract

81. Kim ED, Owen RC, White GS, et al. Endovascular treatment of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction. Asian J Androl. 2015 Jan-Feb;17(1):40-3.Full text  Abstract

82. Melnik T, Soares BG, Nasselo AG. Psychosocial interventions for erectile dysfunction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jul 18;(3):CD004825.Full text  Abstract

83. Montorsi F, Adaikan G, Becher E, et al. Committee 26. Summary of the recommendations on sexual dysfunctions in men. In: Montorsi F, Basson R, Adaikan G, eds. Sexual medicine: sexual dysfunctions in men and women. Edition 2010. Paris: Editions 21; 2010:1265-82.Full text  Abstract

84. Pyrgidis N, Mykoniatis I, Haidich AB, et al. Effect of phosphodiesterase-type 5 inhibitors on erectile function: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. BMJ Open. 2021 Aug 24;11(8):e047396.Full text  Abstract

85. Hellstrom WJ, Gittelman M, Karlin G, et al. Vardenafil for treatment of men with erectile dysfunction: efficacy and safety in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Androl. 2002 Nov-Dec;23(6):763-71.Full text  Abstract

86. Padma-Nathan H, Hellstrom WJ, Kaiser FE, et al; Medicated Urethral System for Erection (MUSE) Study Group. Treatment of men with erectile dysfunction with transurethral alprostadil. N Engl J Med. 1997 Jan 2;336(1):1-7. Abstract

87. Cookson MS, Nadig PW. Long-term results with vacuum constriction device. J Urol. 1993 Feb;149(2):290-4. Abstract

88. Mulcahy JJ. Current approach to the treatment of penile implant infections. Ther Adv Urol. 2010 Apr;2(2):69-75.Full text  Abstract

89. Bella AJ, Deyoung LX, Al-Numi M, et al. Daily administration of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for urological and nonurological indications. Eur Urol. 2007 Oct;52(4):990-1005. Abstract

90. Liu JL, Chu KY, Gabrielson AT, et al. Restorative therapies for erectile dysfunction: position statement from the Sexual Medicine Society of North America (SMSNA). Sex Med. 2021 Jun;9(3):100343.Full text  Abstract

91. Raheem OA, Natale C, Dick B, et al. Novel treatments of erectile dysfunction: review of the current literature. Sex Med Rev. 2021 Jan;9(1):123-32. Abstract

92. Yao H, Wang X, Liu H, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials of clinical outcomes of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy in treating erectile dysfunction. Am J Mens Health. 2022 Mar-Apr;16(2):15579883221087532.Full text  Abstract

93. Montorsi F, Brock G, Stolzenburg JU, et al. Effects of tadalafil treatment on erectile function recovery following bilateral nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy: a randomised placebo-controlled study (REACTT). Eur Urol. 2014 Mar;65(3):587-96. Abstract

94. Philippou YA, Jung JH, Steggall MJ, et al. Penile rehabilitation for postprostatectomy erectile dysfunction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Oct 23;(10):CD012414.Full text  Abstract

95. Pisansky TM, Pugh SL, Greenberg RE, et al. Tadalafil for prevention of erectile dysfunction after radiotherapy for prostate cancer: the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group [0831] randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014 Apr 2;311(13):1300-7. Abstract

96. Mulhall JP, Brock G, Oelke M, et al. Effects of tadalafil once-daily or on-demand vs placebo on return to baseline erectile function after bilateral nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy--results from a randomized controlled trial (REACTT). J Sex Med. 2016 Apr;13(4):679-83.Full text  Abstract

97. King SH, Mayorov AV, Balse-Srinivasan P, et al. Melanocortin receptors, melanotropic peptides and penile erection. Curr Top Med Chem. 2007;7(11):1098-106. Abstract

98. Rosen RC, Diamond LE, Earle DC, et al. Evaluation of the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of subcutaneously administered PT-141, a melanocortin receptor agonist, in healthy male subjects and in patients with an inadequate response to viagra. Int J Impot Res. 2004 Apr;16(2):135-42. Abstract

99. Safarinejad MR, Hosseini SY. Expression of concern: salvage of sildenafil failures with bremelanotide: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. J Urol. 2023 Jan 10;:101097JU0000000000003117. Abstract

100. Kim S, Cho MC, Cho SY, et al. Novel emerging therapies for erectile dysfunction. World J Mens Health. 2021 Jan;39(1):48-64.Full text  Abstract

101. Diamond LE, Earle DC, Garcia WD, et al. Co-administration of low doses of intranasal PT-141, a melanocortin receptor agonist, and sildenafil to men with erectile dysfunction results in an enhanced erectile response. Urology. 2005 Apr;65(4):755-9. Abstract

102. Yoshimura N, Kato R, Chancellor MB, et al. Gene therapy as future treatment of erectile dysfunction. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2010 Sep;10(9):1305-14.Full text  Abstract

103. Lai BY, Cao HJ, Yang GY, et al. Acupuncture for treatment of erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Mens Health. 2019 Sep;37(3):322-38.Full text  Abstract

104. McMahon CN, Smith CJ, Shabsigh R. Treating erectile dysfunction when PDE5 inhibitors fail. BMJ. 2006 Mar 11;332(7541):589-92.Full text  Abstract

105. Madeira CR, Tonin FS, Fachi MM, et al. Efficacy and safety of oral phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction: a network meta-analysis and multicriteria decision analysis. World J Urol. 2021 Mar;39(3):953-62. Abstract

106. Zhu J, Zhang W, Ou N, et al. Do testosterone supplements enhance response to phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors in men with erectile dysfunction and hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Androl Urol. 2020 Apr;9(2):591-600.Full text  Abstract

107. Defeudis G, Mazzilli R, Tenuta M, et al. Erectile dysfunction and diabetes: a melting pot of circumstances and treatments. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2022 Feb;38(2):e3494.Full text  Abstract

108. Guay AT, Perez JB, Jacobson J, et al. Efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate for treatment of erectile dysfunction in a population with associated organic risk factors. J Androl. 2001 Sep-Oct;22(5):793-7. Abstract

109. Williams G, Abbou CC, Amar ET, et al. Efficacy and safety of transurethral alprostadil therapy in men with erectile dysfunction. MUSE Study Group. Br J Urol. 1998 Jun;81(6):889-94. Abstract

110. Hatzichristou DG, Pescatori ES. Current treatments and emerging therapeutic approaches in male erectile dysfunction. BJU Int. 2001;88(suppl 3):11-17. Abstract

111. Danesh-Meyer HV, Levin LA. Erectile dysfunction drugs and risk of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy: casual or causal association? Br J Ophthalmol. 2007 Nov;91(11):1551-5. Abstract

112. Laties AM. Vision disorders and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors: a review of the evidence to date. Drug Saf. 2009;32(1):1-18. Abstract

113. Ostfeld RJ, Allen KE, Aspry K, et al. Vasculogenic erectile dysfunction: the impact of diet and lifestyle. Am J Med. 2021 Mar;134(3):310-6. Abstract

114. Begot I, Peixoto TC, Gonzaga LR, et al. A home-based walking program improves erectile dysfunction in men with an acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2015 Mar 1;115(5):571-5. Abstract