References
Key articles
Bernstein JA, Lang DM, Khan DA, et al. The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 May;133(5):1270-7. Abstract
European Dermatology Forum. The international EAACI/GA²LEN/EuroGuiDerm/APAAACI guideline for the definition, classification, diagnosis, and management of urticaria. Sep 2021 [internet publication].Full text
Sabroe RA, Lawlor F, Grattan CEH, et al. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of people with chronic urticaria 2021. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Mar;186(3):398-413.Full text Abstract
Moellman JJ, Bernstein JA, Lindsell C, et al. A consensus parameter for the evaluation and management of angioedema in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2014 Apr;21(4):469-84.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
1. Bernstein JA, Lang DM, Khan DA, et al. The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 May;133(5):1270-7. Abstract
2. Guldbakke KK, Khachemoune A. Etiology, classification, and treatment of urticaria. Cutis. 2007 Jan;79(1):41-9. Abstract
3. European Dermatology Forum. The international EAACI/GA²LEN/EuroGuiDerm/APAAACI guideline for the definition, classification, diagnosis, and management of urticaria. Sep 2021 [internet publication].Full text
4. Sabroe RA, Lawlor F, Grattan CEH, et al. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of people with chronic urticaria 2021. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Mar;186(3):398-413.Full text Abstract
5. Katelaris CH, Peake JE. MJA practice essentials 5. Allergy and the skin: eczema and chronic urticaria. Med J Aust. 2006 Nov 6;185(9):517-22.Full text Abstract
6. Grattan CEH, Black AK. Urticaria and angioedema. In: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Rapini RP ed. Dermatology (volume one). London, UK: Mosby; 2003;287-302.
7. Depetri F, Tedeschi A, Cugno M. Angioedema and emergency medicine: From pathophysiology to diagnosis and treatment. Eur J Intern Med. 2019 Jan;59:8-13. Abstract
8. World Allergy Organization. Latex allergy diagnosis and management. Jan 2022 [internet publication].Full text
9. DermNet. Drug-induced urticaria. Feb 2020 [internet publication].Full text
10. Kim DH, Sung NH, Lee AY. Effect of levothyroxine treatment on clinical symptoms in hypothyroid patients with chronic urticaria and thyroid autoimmunity. Ann Dermatol. 2016 Apr;28(2):199-204.Full text Abstract
11. Carter MC, Metcalfe DD, Komarow HD. Mastocytosis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2014 Feb;34(1):181-96. Abstract
12. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: systemic mastocytosis [internet publication].Full text
13. Hartmann K, Escribano L, Grattan C, et al. Cutaneous manifestations in patients with mastocytosis: consensus report of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis; the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology; and the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Jan;137(1):35-45.Full text Abstract
14. Zuberbier T, Bernstein JA. A comparison of the United States and international perspective on chronic urticaria guidelines. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 Jul - Aug;6(4):1144-51.Full text Abstract
15. Weiler CR, Austen KF, Akin C, et al. AAAAI Mast Cell Disorders Committee Work Group report: Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) diagnosis and management. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019 Oct;144(4):883-96.Full text Abstract
16. Kulthanan K, Jiamton S, Thumpimukvatana N, et al. Chronic idiopathic urticaria: prevalence and clinical course. J Dermatol. 2007 May;34(5):294-301. Abstract
17. Zuberbier T, Maurer M. Urticaria: current opinions about etiology, diagnosis and therapy. Acta Derm Venereol. 2007;87(3):196-205. Abstract
18. Irinyi B, Szeles G, Gyimesi E, et al. Clinical and laboratory examinations in the subgroups of chronic urticaria. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2007;144(3):217-25. Abstract
19. Kaplan AP. Chronic urticaria: pathogenesis and treatment. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Sep;114(3):465-74.Full text Abstract
20. Liu JB, Li M, Yang S, et al. Clinical profiles of vitiligo in China: an analysis of 3742 patients. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2005 Jul;30(4):327-31. Abstract
21. Resuscitation Council UK. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions: Guidelines for healthcare providers. 2021 [internet publication].Full text
22. Shaker MS, Wallace DV, Golden DBK, et al. Anaphylaxis-a 2020 practice parameter update, systematic review, and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020 Apr;145(4):1082-23.Full text Abstract
23. Golden DBK, Wang J, Waserman S, et al. Anaphylaxis: a 2023 practice parameter update. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2024 Feb;132(2):124-76.Full text Abstract
24. Lott C, Truhlář A, Alfonzo A, et al. European Resuscitation Council guidelines 2021: cardiac arrest in special circumstances. Resuscitation. 2021 Apr;161:152-219.Full text Abstract
25. Cardona V, Ansotegui IJ, Ebisawa M, et al. World allergy organization anaphylaxis guidance 2020. World Allergy Organ J. 2020 Oct;13(10):100472.Full text Abstract
26. Busse PJ, Christiansen SC, Riedl MA, et al. US HAEA Medical Advisory Board 2020 guidelines for the management of hereditary angioedema. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021 Jan;9(1):132-50.Full text Abstract
27. Betschel S, Badiou J, Binkley K, et al. The International/Canadian hereditary angioedema guideline. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2019;15:72.Full text Abstract
28. Matos AL, Figueiredo C, Gonçalo M. Differential diagnosis of urticarial lesions. Front Allergy. 2022;3:808543.Full text Abstract
29. Hayat H, Ahmed Q, Alam H, et al. Non-severe allergic transfusion reaction: A hidden cause of wastage of blood product and laboratory resources. Vox Sang. 2023 Mar;118(3):193-8. Abstract
30. Shipley D, Ormerod AD. Drug-induced urticaria. Recognition and treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2001;2(3):151-8.Full text Abstract
31. Moellman JJ, Bernstein JA, Lindsell C, et al. A consensus parameter for the evaluation and management of angioedema in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2014 Apr;21(4):469-84.Full text Abstract
32. Schoepke N, Młynek A, Weller K, et al. Symptomatic dermographism: an inadequately described disease. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015 Apr;29(4):708-12. Abstract
33. Breathnach SM, Allen R, Ward AM, et al. Symptomatic dermographism: natural history, clinical features laboratory investigations and response to therapy. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1983 Sep;8(5):463-76. Abstract
34. Kontou-Fili K, Borici-Mazi R, Kapp A, et al. Physical urticaria: classification and diagnostic guidelines. An EAACI position paper. Allergy. 1997 May;52(5):504-13. Abstract
35. Sicherer SH, Teuber S, Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee. Current approach to the diagnosis and management of adverse reactions to foods. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Nov;114(5):1146-50.Full text Abstract
36. Godse K, De A, Zawar V, et al. Consensus statement for the diagnosis and treatment of urticaria: a 2017 update. Indian J Dermatol. 2018 Jan-Feb;63(1):2-15.Full text Abstract
37. Hawro T, Ohanyan T, Schoepke N, et al. The urticaria activity score-validity, reliability, and responsiveness. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 Jul - Aug;6(4):1185-90.Full text Abstract
38. Schwartz LB, Irani AM. Serum tryptase and the laboratory diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2000 Jun;14(3):641-57. Abstract
39. Valent P, Akin C. Doctor, I think I am suffering from MCAS: differential diagnosis and separating facts from fiction. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019 Apr;7(4):1109-14.Full text Abstract
40. Valent P, Akin C, Bonadonna P, et al. Proposed diagnostic algorithm for patients with suspected mast cell activation syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019 Apr;7(4):1125-33.e1.Full text Abstract
41. Theoharides TC, Valent P, Akin C. Mast cells, mastocytosis, and related disorders. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jul 9;373(2):163-72. Abstract
42. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Anaphylaxis: assessment and referral after emergency treatment. Aug 2020 [internet publication].Full text
Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer