Primary hyperparathyroidism

Bilezikian JP, Khan AA, Silverberg SJ, et al. Evaluation and management of primary hyperparathyroidism: summary statement and guidelines from the fifth international workshop. J Bone Miner Res. 2022 Nov;37(11):2293-314.Full text  Abstract

Wilhelm SM, Wang TS, Ruan DT, et al. The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons guidelines for definitive management of primary hyperparathyroidism. JAMA Surg. 2016 Oct 1;151(10):959-68.Full text  Abstract

Bollerslev J, Rejnmark L, Zahn A, et al. European expert consensus on practical management of specific aspects of parathyroid disorders in adults and in pregnancy: recommendations of the ESE educational program of parathyroid disorders. Eur J Endocrinol. 2022 Feb 1;186(2):R33-63.Full text  Abstract

Walker MD, Silverberg SJ. Primary hyperparathyroidism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018 Feb;14(2):115-25.Full text  Abstract

Petranović Ovčariček P, Giovanella L, Carrió Gasset I, et al. The EANM practice guidelines for parathyroid imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021 Aug;48(9):2801-2822.Full text  Abstract

1. Bilezikian JP, Khan AA, Silverberg SJ, et al. Evaluation and management of primary hyperparathyroidism: summary statement and guidelines from the fifth international workshop. J Bone Miner Res. 2022 Nov;37(11):2293-314.Full text  Abstract

2. Wilhelm SM, Wang TS, Ruan DT, et al. The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons guidelines for definitive management of primary hyperparathyroidism. JAMA Surg. 2016 Oct 1;151(10):959-68.Full text  Abstract

3. Fingeret AL. Contemporary evaluation and management of parathyroid carcinoma. JCO Oncol Pract. 2021 Jan;17(1):17-21.Full text  Abstract

4. Hollowoa BR, Spencer HJ 3rd, Stack BC Jr. Normocalcemic and normohormonal primary hyperparathyroidism: laboratory values and end-organ effects. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021 Sep;165(3):387-97.Full text  Abstract

5. Bollerslev J, Rejnmark L, Zahn A, et al. European expert consensus on practical management of specific aspects of parathyroid disorders in adults and in pregnancy: recommendations of the ESE educational program of parathyroid disorders. Eur J Endocrinol. 2022 Feb 1;186(2):R33-63.Full text  Abstract

6. Walker MD, Silverberg SJ. Primary hyperparathyroidism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018 Feb;14(2):115-25.Full text  Abstract

7. Al-Salameh A, Cadiot G, Calender A, et al. Clinical aspects of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2021 Apr;17(4):207-24.Full text  Abstract

8. Marchini GS, Faria KVM, Torricelli FCM, et al. Sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism and stone disease: a comprehensive metabolic evaluation before and after parathyroidectomy. BJU Int. 2018 Feb;121(2):281-288.Full text  Abstract

9. Minisola S, Arnold A, Belaya Z, et al. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and genetics of primary hyperparathyroidism. J Bone Miner Res. 2022 Nov;37(11):2315-29.Full text  Abstract

10. Yeh MW, Ituarte PH, Zhou HC, et al. Incidence and prevalence of primary hyperparathyroidism in a racially mixed population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Mar;98(3):1122-9. Abstract

11. Griebeler ML, Kearns AE, Ryu E, et al. Secular trends in the incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism over five decades (1965-2010). Bone. 2015 Apr;73:1-7. Abstract

12. Khan AA, Hanley DA, Rizzoli R, et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism: review and recommendations on evaluation, diagnosis, and management. A Canadian and international consensus. Osteoporos Int. 2017 Jan;28(1):1-19.Full text  Abstract

13. Yadav SK, Johri G, Bichoo RA, et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism in developing world: a systematic review on the changing clinical profile of the disease. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Apr;64(2):105-10.Full text  Abstract

14. Lorenz FJ, Beauchamp-Perez F, Manni A, et al. Analysis of time to diagnosis and outcomes among adults with primary hyperparathyroidism. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Dec 1;5(12):e2248332.Full text  Abstract

15. Quilao RJ, Greer M, Stack BC Jr. Investigating the potential underdiagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2020 Aug;5(4):773-7.Full text  Abstract

16. Dawood NB, Tseng CH, Nguyen DT, et al. Systems-level opportunities in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism: an informatics-based assessment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Nov 19;106(12):e4993-5000.Full text  Abstract

17. Iacobone M, Carnaille B, Palazzo FF, et al. Hereditary hyperparathyroidism--a consensus report of the European Society of Endocrine Surgeons (ESES). Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2015 Dec;400(8):867-86.Full text  Abstract

18. Thakker RV. Genetics of parathyroid tumours. J Intern Med. 2016 Dec;280(6):574-83.Full text  Abstract

19. Brook I. Late side effects of radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. Radiat Oncol J. 2020 Jun;38(2):84-92.Full text  Abstract

20. Meehan AD, Udumyan R, Kardell M, et al. Lithium-associated hypercalcemia: pathophysiology, prevalence, management. World J Surg. 2018 Feb;42(2):415-24.Full text  Abstract

21. Jorde R, Waterloo K, Saleh F, et al. Neuropsychological function in relation to serum parathyroid hormone and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels: The Tromso study. J Neurol. 2006 Apr;253(4):464-70. Abstract

22. Brandi ML, Gagel RF, Angeli A, et al. Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of MEN type 1 and type 2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Dec;86(12):5658-71. Abstract

23. Awad SS, Miskulin J, Thompson N. Parathyroid adenomas versus four-gland hyperplasia as the cause of primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with prolonged lithium therapy. World J Surg. 2003 Apr;27(4):486-8. Abstract

24. Simonds WF, James-Newton LA, Agarwal SK, et al. Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism: clinical and genetic characteristics of 36 kindreds. Medicine (Baltimore). 2002 Jan;81(1):1-26. Abstract

25. Tisell LE, Carlsson S, Fjalling M, et al. Hyperparathyroidism subsequent to neck irradiation. Risk factors. Cancer. 1985 Oct 1;56(7):1529-33. Abstract

26. Rahbari R, Sansano IG, Elaraj DM, et al. Prior head and neck radiation exposure is not a contraindication to minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. J Am Coll Surg. 2010 Jun;210(6):942-8.Full text  Abstract

27. Arnold A, Staunton CE, Kim HG, et al. Monoclonality and abnormal parathyroid hormone genes in parathyroid adenomas. N Engl J Med. 1988 Mar 17;318(11):658-62. Abstract

28. El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Chakhtoura M, Cipriani C, et al. Classical and nonclassical manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism. J Bone Miner Res. 2022 Nov;37(11):2330-50.Full text  Abstract

29. McDow AD, Sippel RS. Should symptoms be considered an indication for parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism? Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes. 2018 Jun 27;11:1179551418785135.Full text  Abstract

30. Weaver S, Doherty DB, Jimenez C, et al. Peer-reviewed, evidence-based analysis of vitamin D and primary hyperparathyroidism. World J Surg. 2009 Nov;33(11):2292-302. Abstract

31. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hyperparathyroidism (primary): diagnosis, assessment and initial management. 2019 [internet publication].Full text

32. Petranović Ovčariček P, Giovanella L, Carrió Gasset I, et al. The EANM practice guidelines for parathyroid imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021 Aug;48(9):2801-2822.Full text  Abstract

33. Scott-Coombes DM, Rees J, Jones G, et al. Is unilateral neck surgery feasible in patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism and double negative localisation? World J Surg. 2017 Jun;41(6):1494-9. Abstract

34. Treglia G, Trimboli P, Huellner M, et al. Imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism: focus on the evidence-based diagnostic performance of different methods. Minerva Endocrinol. 2018 Jun;43(2):133-43. Abstract

35. Zafereo M, Yu J, Angelos P, et al. American Head and Neck Society endocrine surgery section update on parathyroid imaging for surgical candidates with primary hyperparathyroidism. Head Neck. 2019 Jul;41(7):2398-2409.Full text  Abstract

36. ​American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: parathyroid adenoma. 2021 [internet publication].Full text

37. Treglia G, Sadeghi R, Schalin-Jäntti C, et al. Detection rate of (99m) Tc-MIBI single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT in preoperative planning for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: A meta-analysis. Head Neck. 2016 Apr;38(suppl 1):E2159-72. Abstract

38. Treglia G, Piccardo A, Imperiale A, et al. Diagnostic performance of choline PET for detection of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2019 Mar;46(3):751-65.Full text  Abstract

39. Manyalich-Blasi M, Domínguez-Garijo P, Saavedra-Pérez D, et al. Comparison of [(18)F]fluorocholine PET/CT with [(99)mTc]sestamibi and ultrasonography to detect parathyroid lesions in primary hyperparathyroidism: a prospective study. Gland Surg. 2022 Nov;11(11):1764-71.Full text  Abstract

40. Cuderman A, Senica K, Rep S, et al. (18)F-Fluorocholine PET/CT in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Superior Diagnostic Performance to Conventional Scintigraphic Imaging for Localization of Hyperfunctioning Parathyroid Glands. J Nucl Med. 2020 Apr;61(4):577-583.Full text  Abstract

41. Dudoignon D, Delbot T, Cottereau AS, et al. 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT and conventional imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2022 May;103(5):258-265.Full text  Abstract

42. Ulivieri FM, Silva BC, Sardanelli F, et al. Utility of the trabecular bone score (TBS) in secondary osteoporosis. Endocrine. 2014 Nov;47(2):435-48. Abstract

43. Greer ML, Davis K, Stack BC Jr. Machine learning can identify patients at risk of hyperparathyroidism without known calcium and intact parathyroid hormone. Head Neck. 2022 Apr;44(4):817-22.Full text  Abstract

44. Imbus JR, Randle RW, Pitt SC, et al. Machine learning to identify multigland disease in primary hyperparathyroidism. J Surg Res. 2017 Nov;219:173-9.Full text  Abstract

45. Odvina CV, Sakhaee K, Heller HJ, et al. Biochemical characterization of primary hyperparathyroidism with and without kidney stones. Urol Res. 2007 Jun;35(3):123-8. Abstract

46. Silverberg SJ, Shane E, Jacobs TP, et al. Nephrolithiasis and bone involvement in primary hyperparathyroidism. Am J Med. 1990 Sep;89(3):327-34. Abstract

47. Rose SR, Horne VE, Howell J, et al. Late endocrine effects of childhood cancer. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2016 Jun;12(6):319-36.Full text  Abstract

48. Parks KA, Parks CG, Onwuameze OE, et al. Psychiatric Complications of Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Mild Hypercalcemia. Am J Psychiatry. 2017 Jul 1;174(7):620-622.Full text  Abstract

49. Weber T, Eberle J, Messelhäuser U, et al. Parathyroidectomy, elevated depression scores, and suicidal ideation in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: results of a prospective multicenter study. JAMA Surg. 2013 Feb;148(2):109-15.Full text  Abstract

50. Espiritu RP, Kearns AE, Vickers KS, et al. Depression in primary hyperparathyroidism: prevalence and benefit of surgery. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Nov;96(11):E1737-45.Full text  Abstract

51. Kearns AE, Espiritu RP, Vickers Douglass K, et al. Clinical characteristics and depression score response after parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2019 Sep;91(3):464-70.Full text  Abstract

52. Desai A, Bajgain A, Ali A, et al. Association of major depressive disorder in hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2023 Jun;15(6):e40150.Full text  Abstract

53. Mittendorf EA, Wefel JS, Meyers CA, et al. Improvement of sleep disturbance and neurocognitive function after parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Pract. 2007 Jul-Aug;13(4):338-44. Abstract

54. Fisher SB, Perrier ND. Primary hyperparathyroidism and hypertension. Gland Surg. 2020 Feb;9(1):142-149.Full text  Abstract

55. Best CAE, Krishnan R, Malvankar-Mehta MS, et al. Echocardiogram changes following parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Oct;96(43):e7255.Full text  Abstract

56. Pepe J, Cipriani C, Curione M, et al. Reduction of arrhythmias in primary hyperparathyroidism, by parathyroidectomy, evaluated with 24-h ECG monitoring. Eur J Endocrinol. 2018 Aug;179(2):117-24. Abstract

57. Kepez A, Yasar M, Sunbul M, et al. Evaluation of left ventricular functions in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: is there any effect of parathyroidectomy? Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2017 May;129(9-10):329-36. Abstract

58. Brown RC, Aston JP, Weeks I, et al. Circulating intact parathyroid hormone measured by a two-site immunochemiluminometric assay. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987 Sep;65(3):407-14. Abstract

59. Kluijfhout WP, Pasternak JD, Beninato T, et al. Diagnostic performance of computed tomography for parathyroid adenoma localization; a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Radiol. 2017 Mar;88:117-28. Abstract

60. American College of Radiology, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Society for Pediatric Radiology, Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound. Practice parameter for the performance and interpretation of diagnostic ultrasound of the thyroid and extracranial head and neck. 2022 [internet publication].Full text

61. American College of Radiology; Society for Pediatric Radiology. ACR–SPR Practice Parameter for the Performance of Parathyroid Scintigraphy. 2019 [internet publication].Full text

62. Hassan-Smith ZK, Criseno S, Gittoes NJL. Mild primary hyperparathyroidism-to treat or not to treat? Br Med Bull. 2019 Mar 1;129(1):53-67.Full text  Abstract

63. Ye Z, Silverberg SJ, Sreekanta A, et al. The efficacy and safety of medical and surgical therapy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Bone Miner Res. 2022 Nov;37(11):2351-72.Full text  Abstract

64. Bilezikian JP, Silverberg SJ, Bandeira F, et al. Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. J Bone Miner Res. 2022 Nov;37(11):2391-2403.Full text  Abstract

65. Lundstam K, Heck A, Godang K, et al. Effect of surgery versus observation: skeletal 5-year outcomes in a randomized trial of patients with primary HPT (the SIPH study). J Bone Miner Res. 2017 Sep;32(9):1907-14. Abstract

66. Zhang L, Liu X, Li H. Long-term skeletal outcomes of primary hyperparathyroidism patients after treatment with parathyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Horm Metab Res. 2018 Mar;50(3):242-9. Abstract

67. Seib CD, Meng T, Suh I, et al. Risk of fracture among older adults with primary hyperparathyroidism receiving parathyroidectomy vs nonoperative management. JAMA Intern Med. 2022 Jan 1;182(1):10-18.Full text  Abstract

68. Liu M, Sum M, Cong E, et al. Cognition and cerebrovascular function in primary hyperparathyroidism before and after parathyroidectomy. J Endocrinol Invest. 2020 Mar;43(3):369-379.Full text  Abstract

69. Pappachan JM, Lahart IM, Viswanath AK, et al. Parathyroidectomy for adults with primary hyperparathyroidism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Mar 8;3(3):CD013035.Full text  Abstract

70. Singh Ospina NM, Rodriguez-Gutierrez R, Maraka S, et al. Outcomes of parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg. 2016 Oct;40(10):2359-77. Abstract

71. Gracie D, Hussain SS. Use of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy techniques in sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism: systematic review. J Laryngol Otol. 2012 Mar;126(3):221-7. Abstract

72. Yen TW, Wang TS. Subtotal parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Pract. 2011 Mar-Apr;17(suppl 1):7-12. Abstract

73. Khan AA, Bilezikian JP, Kung AW, et al. Alendronate in primary hyperparathyroidism: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jul;89(7):3319-25.Full text  Abstract

74. Leere JS, Karmisholt J, Robaczyk M, et al. Contemporary medical management of primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017 Apr 20;8:79.Full text  Abstract

75. Peacock M, Bilezikian JP, Klassen PS, et al. Cinacalcet hydrochloride maintains long-term normocalcemia in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Jan;90(1):135-41.Full text  Abstract

76. Ibraheem K, Toraih EA, Haddad AB, et al. Selective parathyroid venous sampling in primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Laryngoscope. 2018 Nov;128(11):2662-7.Full text  Abstract

77. Ahmadieh H, Kreidieh O, Akl EA, et al. Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy guided by intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring (IOPTH) and preoperative imaging versus bilateral neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Oct 21;10:CD010787.Full text  Abstract

78. Jinih M, O'Connell E, O'Leary DP, et al. Focused versus bilateral parathyroid exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017 Jul;24(7):1924-34. Abstract

79. Harrison BJ, Triponez F. Intraoperative adjuncts in surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2009 Sep;394(5):799-809. Abstract

80. Sokoll LJ, Wians FH Jr, Remaley AT. Rapid intraoperative immunoassay of parathyroid hormone and other hormones: a new paradigm for point-of-care testing. Clin Chem. 2004 Jul;50(7):1126-35.Full text  Abstract

81. Allendorf J, DiGorgi M, Spanknebel K, et al. 1112 consecutive bilateral neck explorations for primary hyperparathyroidism. World J Surg. 2007 Nov;31(11):2075-80. Abstract

82. Abdulla AG, Ituarte PH, Harari A, et al. Trends in the frequency and quality of parathyroid surgery: analysis of 17,082 cases over 10 years. Ann Surg. 2015 Apr;261(4):746-50. Abstract

83. Yu N, Donnan PT, Leese GP. A record linkage study of outcomes in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism: the Parathyroid Epidemiology and Audit Research Study (PEARS). Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2011 Aug;75(2):169-76.Full text  Abstract

84. Yu N, Leese GP, Donnan PT. What predicts adverse outcomes in untreated primary hyperparathyroidism? The Parathyroid Epidemiology and Audit Research Study (PEARS). Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2013 Jul;79(1):27-34. Abstract

85. Stein EM, Dempster DW, Udesky J, et al. Vitamin D deficiency influences histomorphometric features of bone in primary hyperparathyroidism. Bone. 2011 Mar 1;48(3):557-61. Abstract

86. Kantorovich V, Gacad MA, Seeger LL, et al. Bone mineral density increases with vitamin D repletion in patients with coexistent vitamin D insufficiency and primary hyperparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Oct;85(10):3541-3. Abstract

87. Bollerslev J, Marcocci C, Sosa M, et al. Current evidence for recommendation of surgery, medical treatment and vitamin D repletion in mild primary hyperparathyroidism. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011 Dec;165(6):851-64. Abstract

88. Loh HH, Lim LL, Yee A, et al. Effect of vitamin D replacement in primary hyperparathyroidism with concurrent vitamin D deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Minerva Endocrinol. 2019 Jun;44(2):221-231.Full text  Abstract

89. Grey A, Lucas J, Horne A, et al. Vitamin D repletion in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and coexistent vitamin D insufficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Apr;90(4):2122-6. Abstract

90. Harman CR, Grant CS, Hay ID, et al. Indications, technique, and efficacy of alcohol injection of enlarged parathyroid glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Surgery. 1998 Dec;124(6):1011-9. Abstract

91. Singh Ospina N, Thompson GB, Lee RA, et al. Safety and efficacy of percutaneous parathyroid ethanol ablation in patients with recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Jan;100(1):E87-90. Abstract

92. Alherabi AZ, Marglani OA, Alfiky MG, et al. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided alcohol ablation of solitary parathyroid adenoma in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism. Am J Otolaryngol. 2015 Sep-Oct;36(5):701-3. Abstract

93. Arora A, Cunningham A, Chawdhary G, et al. Clinical applications of Telerobotic ENT-Head and Neck surgery. Int J Surg. 2011;9(4):277-84. Abstract

94. Bearelly S, Prendes BL, Wang SJ, et al. Transoral robotic-assisted surgical excision of a retropharyngeal parathyroid adenoma: A case report. Head Neck. 2015 Nov;37(11):E150-2. Abstract

95. Kovatcheva R, Vlahov J, Stoinov J, et al. US-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound as a promising non-invasive method for treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism. Eur Radiol. 2014 Sep;24(9):2052-8. Abstract

96. Stack BC Jr, Tolley NS, Bartel TB, et al. AHNS Series: Do you know your guidelines? Optimizing outcomes in reoperative parathyroid surgery: definitive multidisciplinary joint consensus guidelines of the American Head and Neck Society and the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons. Head Neck. 2018 Aug;40(8):1617-29.Full text  Abstract

97. Silverberg SJ, Shane E, Jacobs TP, et al. A 10-year prospective study of primary hyperparathyroidism with or without parathyroid surgery. N Engl J Med. 1999 Oct 21;341(17):1249-55. [Erratum in: N Engl J Med. 2000 Jan 13;342(2):144.]Full text  Abstract

98. Grant CS, Thompson G, Farley D, et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism surgical management since the introduction of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy: Mayo Clinic experience. Arch Surg. 2005 May;140(5):472-8.Full text  Abstract

99. Burkey SH, van Heerden JA, Thompson GB, et al. Reexploration for symptomatic hematomas after cervical exploration. Surgery. 2001 Dec;130(6):914-20. Abstract

100. Wu CW, Dionigi G, Barczynski M, et al. International neuromonitoring study group guidelines 2018: Part II: optimal recurrent laryngeal nerve management for invasive thyroid cancer-incorporation of surgical, laryngeal, and neural electrophysiologic data. Laryngoscope. 2018 Oct;128 Suppl 3:S18-27.Full text  Abstract

101. Chester MW, Stewart MG. Arytenoid adduction combined with medialization thyroplasty: an evidence-based review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Oct;129(4):305-10. Abstract

102. Vasher M, Goodman A, Politz D, et al. Postoperative calcium requirements in 6,000 patients undergoing outpatient parathyroidectomy: easily avoiding symptomatic hypocalcemia. J Am Coll Surg. 2010 Jul;211(1):49-54. Abstract

103. Orloff LA, Wiseman SM, Bernet VJ, et al. American Thyroid Association statement on postoperative hypoparathyroidism: diagnosis, prevention, and management in adults. Thyroid. 2018 Jul;28(7):830-41.Full text  Abstract

104. Stack BC Jr, Bimston DN, Bodenner DL, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology disease state clinical review: postoperative hypoparathyroidism--definitions and management. Endocr Pract. 2015 Jun;21(6):674-85.Full text  Abstract

105. Sankaran S, Gamble G, Bolland M, et al. Skeletal effects of interventions in mild primary hyperparathyroidism: a meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Apr;95(4):1653-62.Full text  Abstract

106. Marcocci C, Brandi ML, Scillitani A, et al. Italian Society of Endocrinology consensus statement: definition, evaluation and management of patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest. 2015 May;38(5):577-93. Abstract

107. Sala TD, Mureşan S, Roman R, et al. Hypercalcaemic crisis due to primary hyperparathyroidism: report of two cases. J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures). 2019 Jan;5(1):34-9.Full text  Abstract

108. Ameerudden S, He X. Management and surgical treatment of parathyroid crisis secondary to parathyroid tumors: report of four cases. Int Med Case Rep J. 2011;4:59-66.Full text  Abstract

109. de la Plaza Llamas R, Ramia Ángel JM, Arteaga Peralta V, et al. Elevated parathyroid hormone levels after successful parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism: a clinical review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Mar;275(3):659-69. Abstract

110. Guerin C, Paladino NC, Lowery A, et al. Persistent and recurrent hyperparathyroidism. Updates Surg. 2017 Jun;69(2):161-9. Abstract