Autoimmune hepatitis

Mack CL, Adams D, Assis DN, et al. Diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis in adults and children: 2019 practice guidance and guidelines from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2020 Aug;72(2):671-722.Full text  Abstract

European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines: autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2015 Oct;63(4):971-1004. Abstract

Gleeson D, Heneghan MA; British Society of Gastroenterology. British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines for management of autoimmune hepatitis. Gut. 2011 Dec;60(12):1611-29.Full text  Abstract

Strassburg CP, Manns MP. Treatment of autoimmune hepatitis. Semin Liver Dis. 2009 Aug;29(3):273-85. Abstract

Selvarajah V, Montano-Loza AJ, Czaja AJ. Systematic review: managing suboptimal treatment responses in autoimmune hepatitis with conventional and nonstandard drugs. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Oct;36(8):691-707.Full text  Abstract

1. Mack CL, Adams D, Assis DN, et al. Diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis in adults and children: 2019 practice guidance and guidelines from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2020 Aug;72(2):671-722.Full text  Abstract

2. Zachou K, Rigopoulou E, Dalekos GN. Autoantibodies and autoantigens in autoimmune hepatitis: important tools in clinical practice and to study pathogenesis of the disease. J Autoimmune Dis. 2004 Oct 15;1(1):2.Full text  Abstract

3. Krawitt EL. Autoimmune hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2006 Jan 5;354(1):54-66. Abstract

4. Lv T, Li M, Zeng N, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the incidence and prevalence of autoimmune hepatitis in Asian, European, and American population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Oct;34(10):1676-84. Abstract

5. Grønbæk L, Vilstrup H, Jepsen P. Autoimmune hepatitis in Denmark: incidence, prevalence, prognosis, and causes of death. A nationwide registry-based cohort study. J Hepatol. 2014 Mar;60(3):612-7. Abstract

6. Ngu JH, Bechly K, Chapman BA, et al. Population-based epidemiology study of autoimmune hepatitis: a disease of older women? J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 Oct;25(10):1681-6. Abstract

7. van Gerven NM, Verwer BJ, Witte BI, et al. Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of autoimmune hepatitis in the Netherlands. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2014 Oct;49(10):1245-54. Abstract

8. Radhakrishnan KR, Alkhouri N, Worley S, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis in children--impact of cirrhosis at presentation on natural history and long-term outcome. Dig Liver Dis. 2010 Oct;42(10):724-8. Abstract

9. Deneau M, Jensen MK, Holmen J, et al. Primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and overlap in Utah children: epidemiology and natural history. Hepatology. 2013 Oct;58(4):1392-400.Full text  Abstract

10. Jiménez-Rivera C, Ling SC, Ahmed N, et al. Incidence and characteristics of autoimmune hepatitis. Pediatrics. 2015 Nov;136(5):e1237-48. Abstract

11. Trivedi PJ, Hirschfield GM. Recent advances in clinical practice: epidemiology of autoimmune liver diseases. Gut. 2021 Oct;70(10):1989-2003. Abstract

12. Moy L, Levine J. Autoimmune hepatitis: a classic autoimmune liver disease. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2014 Dec;44(11):341-6. Abstract

13. Czaja AJ. Autoimmune hepatitis: approach to diagnosis. MedGenMed. 2006 May 23;8(2):55.Full text  Abstract

14. Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, Czaja AJ, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018 Apr 12;4:18017. Abstract

15. Czaja AJ. Autoimmune liver disease. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2006 May;22(3):234-40. Abstract

16. Jenkins A, Austin A, Hughes K, et al. Infliximab-induced autoimmune hepatitis. BMJ Case Rep. 2021 May 24;14(5):e239944. Abstract

17. Franco DL, Kale S, Lam-Himlin DM, et al. Black cohosh hepatotoxicity with autoimmune hepatitis presentation. Case Rep Gastroenterol. 2017 Jan-Apr;11(1):23-8.Full text  Abstract

18. Manns MP, Vogel A. Autoimmune hepatitis, from mechanisms to therapy. Hepatology. 2006 Feb;43(2 Suppl 1):S132-44. Abstract

19. Webb GJ, Hirschfield GM, Krawitt EL, et al. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of autoimmune hepatitis. Annu Rev Pathol. 2018 Jan 24;13:247-92.Full text  Abstract

20. Wang Q, Yang F, Miao Q, et al. The clinical phenotypes of autoimmune hepatitis: a comprehensive review. J Autoimmun. 2016 Jan;66:98-107. Abstract

21. Potts JR, Verma S. Optimizing management in autoimmune hepatitis with liver failure at initial presentation. World J Gastroenterol. 2011 Apr 28;17(16):2070-5.Full text  Abstract

22. Braga AC, Vasconcelos C, Braga J. Pregnancy with autoimmune hepatitis. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2016 Summer;9(3):220-4.Full text  Abstract

23. Al-Chalabi T, Underhill JA, Portmann BC, et al. Effects of serum aspartate aminotransferase levels in patients with autoimmune hepatitis influence disease course and outcome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Dec;6(12):1389-95.Full text  Abstract

24. Komori A. Recent updates on the management of autoimmune hepatitis. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2021 Jan;27(1):58-69.Full text  Abstract

25. Yang F, Wang Q, Bian Z, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis: east meets west. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Aug;30(8):1230-6.Full text  Abstract

26. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines: autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2015 Oct;63(4):971-1004. Abstract

27. Sebode M, Weiler-Normann C, Liwinski T, et al. Autoantibodies in autoimmune liver disease-clinical and diagnostic relevance. Front Immunol. 2018 Mar 27;9:609.Full text  Abstract

28. Zeman MV, Hirschfield GM. Autoantibodies and liver disease: uses and abuses. Can J Gastroenterol. 2010 Apr;24(4):225-31.Full text  Abstract

29. Manns MP. Antibodies to soluble liver antigen: specific marker of autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2000 Aug;33(2):326-8.Full text  Abstract

30. Expert Panel on Gastrointestinal Imaging, Arif-Tiwari H, Porter KK, et al. ACR appropriateness criteria® abnormal liver function tests. J Am Coll Radiol. 2023 Nov;20(11s):S302-14.Full text  Abstract

31. Dong Y, Potthoff A, Klinger C, et al. Ultrasound findings in autoimmune hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2018 Apr 21;24(15):1583-90.Full text  Abstract

32. Sue MJ, Lee EW, Saab S, et al. Transjugular liver biopsy: safe even in patients with severe coagulopathies and multiple biopsies. Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2019 Jul;10(7):e00063.Full text  Abstract

33. Thomaides-Brears HB, Alkhouri N, Allende D, et al. Incidence of complications from percutaneous biopsy in chronic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci. 2022 Jul;67(7):3366-94.Full text  Abstract

34. Tiniakos DG, Brain JG, Bury YA. Role of histopathology in autoimmune hepatitis. Dig Dis. 2015;33 Suppl 2:53-64.Full text  Abstract

35. Gleeson D, Heneghan MA; British Society of Gastroenterology. British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines for management of autoimmune hepatitis. Gut. 2011 Dec;60(12):1611-29.Full text  Abstract

36. Welz-Kubiak K, Reszke R, Szepietowski JC. Pruritus as a sign of systemic disease. Clin Dermatol. 2019 Nov-Dec;37(6):644-56. Abstract

37. European Association for the Study of the Liver; Clinical Practice Guideline Panel; Chair, et al. EASL clinical practice guidelines on non-invasive tests for evaluation of liver disease severity and prognosis - 2021 update. J Hepatol. 2021 Sep;75(3):659-89.Full text  Abstract

38. Tonolini M, Bianco R. HIV-related/AIDS cholangiopathy: pictorial review with emphasis on MRCP findings and differential diagnosis. Clin Imaging. 2013 Mar-Apr;37(2):219-26. Abstract

39. Alvarez F, Berg PA, Bianchi FB, et al. International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Report: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol. 1999 Nov;31(5):929-38. Abstract

40. Hennes EM, Zeniya M, Czaja AJ, et al. Simplified criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology. 2008 Jul;48(1):169-76.Full text  Abstract

41. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria®: abnormal liver function tests. 2023 [internet publication].Full text

42. Lamers MM, van Oijen MG, Pronk M, et al. Treatment options for autoimmune hepatitis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Hepatol. 2010 Jul;53(1):191-8.Full text  Abstract

43. Yeoman AD, Longhi MS, Heneghan MA. Review article: the modern management of autoimmune hepatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Apr;31(8):771-87.Full text  Abstract

44. Zandieh I, Krygier D, Wong V, et al. The use of budesonide in the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis in Canada. Can J Gastroenterol. 2008 Apr;22(4):388-92.Full text  Abstract

45. Wiegand J, Schüler A, Kanzler S, et al. Budesonide in previously untreated autoimmune hepatitis. Liver Int. 2005 Oct;25(5):927-34. Abstract

46. Strassburg CP, Manns MP. Treatment of autoimmune hepatitis. Semin Liver Dis. 2009 Aug;29(3):273-85. Abstract

47. Manns MP, Woynarowski M, Kreisel W, et al. Budesonide induces remission more effectively than prednisone in a controlled trial of patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Gastroenterology. 2010 Oct;139(4):1198-206. Abstract

48. Csepregi A, Röcken C, Treiber G, et al. Budesonide induces complete remission in autoimmune hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Mar 7;12(9):1362-6. Abstract

49. Woynarowski M, Nemeth A, Baruch Y, et al; European Autoimmune Hepatitis-Budesonide Study Group. Budesonide versus prednisone with azathioprine for the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis in children and adolescents. J Pediatr. 2013 Nov;163(5):1347-53.e1. Abstract

50. Yu ZJ, Zhang LL, Huang TT, et al. Comparison of mycophenolate mofetil with standard treatment for autoimmune hepatitis: a meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Jul;31(7):873-7. Abstract

51. Selvarajah V, Montano-Loza AJ, Czaja AJ. Systematic review: managing suboptimal treatment responses in autoimmune hepatitis with conventional and nonstandard drugs. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Oct;36(8):691-707.Full text  Abstract

52. Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Nikfam S, Karimian S, et al. Cyclosporine-A versus prednisolone for induction of remission in auto-immune hepatitis: interim analysis report of a randomized controlled trial. Middle East J Dig Dis. 2013 Oct;5(4):193-200.Full text  Abstract

53. Malekzadeh R, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Kaviani MJ, et al. Cyclosporin A is a promising alternative to corticosteroids in autoimmune hepatitis. Dig Dis Sci. 2001 Jun;46(6):1321-7. Abstract

54. Carbone M, Neuberger JM. Autoimmune liver disease, autoimmunity and liver transplantation. J Hepatol. 2014 Jan;60(1):210-23.Full text  Abstract

55. Molmenti EP, Netto GJ, Murray NG, et al. Incidence and recurrence of autoimmune/alloimmune hepatitis in liver transplant recipients. Liver Transpl. 2002 Jun;8(6):519-26.Full text  Abstract

56. Chatrath H, Allen L, Boyer TD. Use of sirolimus in the treatment of refractory autoimmune hepatitis. Am J Med. 2014 Nov;127(11):1128-31. Abstract

57. D'Agostino D, Costaguta A, Álvarez F. Successful treatment of refractory autoimmune hepatitis with rituximab. Pediatrics. 2013 Aug;132(2):e526-30. Abstract

58. Weiler-Normann C, Schramm C, Quaas A, et al. Infliximab as a rescue treatment in difficult-to-treat autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2013 Mar;58(3):529-34. Abstract

59. Wong F, Al Ibrahim B, Walsh J, et al. Infliximab-induced autoimmune hepatitis requiring liver transplantation. Clin Case Rep. 2019 Sep 27;7(11):2135-9.Full text  Abstract

60. Karanfilian B, Mahpour N, Sarkar A. Infliximab drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis in a patient with Crohn's ileocolitis. Am J Ther. 2020 Dec 29 [Epub ahead of print]. Abstract

61. Czaja AJ, Carpenter HA, Lindor KD. Ursodeoxycholic acid as adjunctive therapy for problematic type 1 autoimmune hepatitis: a randomized placebo-controlled treatment trial. Hepatology. 1999 Dec;30(6):1381-6. Abstract

62. Joshi S, Cauch-Dudek K, Wanless IR, et al. Primary biliary cirrhosis with additional features of autoimmune hepatitis: response to therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid. Hepatology. 2002 Feb;35(2):409-13.Full text  Abstract

63. Squires RH, Ng V, Romero R, et al. Evaluation of the pediatric patient for liver transplantation: 2014 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American Society of Transplantation and the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. Hepatology. 2014 Jul;60(1):362-98.Full text  Abstract

64. Abhyankar A, Tapper E, Bonder A. Immunosuppressive therapy in immune-mediated liver disease in the non-transplanted patient. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2013 Dec 30;7(1):18-28.Full text  Abstract

65. Hoeroldt B, McFarlane E, Dube A, et al. Long-term outcomes of patients with autoimmune hepatitis managed at a nontransplant center. Gastroenterology. 2011 Jun;140(7):1980-9.Full text  Abstract

66. Czaja AJ. Rapidity of treatment response and outcome in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2009 Jul;51(1):161-7. Abstract

67. Sucher E, Sucher R, Gradistanac T, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis-immunologically triggered liver pathogenesis-diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. J Immunol Res. 2019 Nov 25;2019:9437043.Full text  Abstract

68. Czaja AJ. Special clinical challenges in autoimmune hepatitis: the elderly, males, pregnancy, mild disease, fulminant onset, and nonwhite patients. Semin Liver Dis. 2009 Aug;29(3):315-30. Abstract

69. Czaja AJ, Carpenter HA. Distinctive clinical phenotype and treatment outcome of type 1 autoimmune hepatitis in the elderly. Hepatology. 2006 Mar;43(3):532-8.Full text  Abstract

70. Miyake T, Miyaoka H, Abe M, et al. Clinical characteristics of autoimmune hepatitis in older aged patients. Hepatol Res. 2006 Oct;36(2):139-42. Abstract

71. Cross TJ, Antoniades CG, Muiesan P, et al. Liver transplantation in patients over 60 and 65 years: an evaluation of long-term outcomes and survival. Liver Transpl. 2007 Oct;13(10):1382-8.Full text  Abstract

72. Al-Chalabi T, Underhill JA, Portmann BC, et al. Impact of gender on the long-term outcome and survival of patients with autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2008 Jan;48(1):140-7. Abstract

73. Sharma R, Simon TG, Stephansson O, et al. Pregnancy outcomes in women with autoimmune hepatitis - a nationwide population-based cohort study with histopathology. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023 Jan;21(1):103-14.e10.Full text  Abstract

74. Westbrook RH, Yeoman AD, Kriese S, et al. Outcomes of pregnancy in women with autoimmune hepatitis. J Autoimmun. 2012 May;38(2-3):J239-44. Abstract

75. Bozward AG, Wootton GE, Podstawka O, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis: tolerogenic immunological state during pregnancy and immune escape in post-partum. Front Immunol. 2020 Sep 24;11:591380.Full text  Abstract

76. Francella A, Dyan A, Bodian C, et al. The safety of 6-mercaptopurine for childbearing patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a retrospective cohort study. Gastroenterology. 2003 Jan;124(1):9-17.Full text  Abstract

77. Natekar A, Pupco A, Bozzo P, et al. Safety of azathioprine use during pregnancy. Can Fam Physician. 2011 Dec;57(12):1401-2.Full text  Abstract

78. Akbari M, Shah S, Velayos FS, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of thiopurines on birth outcomes from female and male patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013 Jan;19(1):15-22. Abstract

79. Mendizabal M, Marciano S, Videla MG, et al. Fulminant presentation of autoimmune hepatitis: clinical features and early predictors of corticosteroid treatment failure. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Jun;27(6):644-8. Abstract

80. Montano-Loza AJ, Carpenter HA, Czaja AJ. Features associated with treatment failure in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis and predictive value of the model of end-stage liver disease. Hepatology. 2007 Oct;46(4):1138-45. Abstract

81. Schramm C, Wahl I, Weiler-Normann C, et al. Health-related quality of life, depression, and anxiety in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2014 Mar;60(3):618-24. Abstract

82. UK Health Security Agency. Hepatitis A: the green book, chapter 17. Jan 2024 [internet publication].Full text