Dengue fever

Обзор 
Теория 
Диагноз 
Лечение 
Последующее наблюдение 
Источники 

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Последний просмотренный: 14 Jun 2026

Last updated: 16 Apr 2026

Dengue fever is a notifiable condition in the US. In dengue-endemic regions, suspected, probable, and confirmed cases should be reported to the relevant authorities as soon as possible.

Endemic in more than 100 countries, including countries in the Southeast Asian and Western Pacific regions, the Americas, Africa, and the Eastern Mediterranean. The Americas represent a significant proportion of the global burden of disease.

Severe dengue fever is characterized by marked thrombocytopenia, severe hemorrhage, plasma leakage leading to shock or fluid accumulation with respiratory distress, and severe organ impairment.

Confirmatory tests include viral antigen or nucleic acid detection and serology. Difficult to distinguish clinically from Zika and chikungunya virus infections without diagnostic testing.

No specific antiviral has been developed. Meticulous fluid therapy and the identification of the critical phase are the most important aspects of management.

A tetravalent vaccine is available in some countries.

Определение

A globally important arboviral infection transmitted by the Aedes genus of mosquito (primarily Aedes aegypti, but also A albopticus), an insect found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. There are 4 antigenically distinct dengue virus serotypes: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. They are RNA viruses that belong to the Flavivirus genus/Flaviviridae family, which also includes yellow fever virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Zika virus, and the St Louis encephalitis virus.[1] Dengue virus infection causes a wide range of severe and nonsevere clinical manifestations.[2]

Анамнез и осмотр

Ключевые диагностические факторы

fever
skin flushing/rash
myalgia/arthralgia/headache
hemorrhagic signs
lethargy/restlessness
hepatomegaly
abdominal distention
pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, cough
signs of circulatory collapse

Полная информация

Другие диагностические факторы

gastrointestinal symptoms
upper respiratory tract symptoms

Полная информация

Факторы риска

residence in/travel from dengue-endemic region within the past 2 weeks
children ages 1-5 years
older age
pregnancy
presence of comorbidities
exposure to infected blood products
living with uncovered water container
previous infection with dengue virus
female sex
obesity
blood group O

Полная информация

Диагностические исследования

Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь

CBC
liver function tests (LFTs)
serum albumin level
reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) detection
serology

Полная информация

Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть

coagulation studies
chest x-ray
abdominal ultrasound

Полная информация

Неотложные исследования

reverse transcription-insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction (RT-iiPCR)

Алгоритм лечения

Острый

WHO group C (established warning signs)

WHO group B (developing warning signs)

WHO group A (no warning signs)

Составители

Авторы

S.A.M. Kularatne, MBBS, MD, MRCP (UK), FRCP (London), FCCP (SL)

Senior Professor

Chair of Medicine

Department of Medicine

Faculty of Medicine

University of Peradeniya

Peradeniya

Sri Lanka

Раскрытие информации

SAMK declares that he has no competing interests.

Рецензенты

John McBride, PhD, MBBS, DTM&H, FRACP, FRCPA

Professor of Medicine

James Cook University

Cairns Base Hospital Clinical School

Cairns

Australia

Раскрытие информации

JM declares that he has no competing interests.

Michael Jacobs, MA, PhD, MBBS, FRCP, DTM&H

Consultant

Infectious Diseases

Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust

London

Раскрытие информации

MJ declares that he has no competing interests.

Stephen Gluckman, MD

Professor of Medicine

Medical Director

Penn Global Medicine

Penn Center for Primary Care

Раскрытие информации

SG declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Список литературы

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Основные статьи

World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever - revised and expanded edition. 2011 [internet publication].Полный текст

World Health Organization, Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR). Dengue: guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. New edition. 2009 [internet publication].Полный текст

World Health Organization. Laboratory testing for dengue virus: interim guidance, April 2025. Apr 2025 [internet publication].Полный текст

World Health Organization. WHO guidelines for clinical management of arboviral diseases: dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever. Jul 2025 [internet publication].Полный текст

Pan American Health Organization. Guidelines for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. 2022 [internet publication].Полный текст

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dengue: clinical care of dengue. Jun 2024 [internet publication].Полный текст

Статьи, указанные как источники

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

Отличия
- Zika virus infection
- Chikungunya virus infection
- Oropouche virus disease
Больше Отличия
Рекомендации
- WHO guidelines for clinical management of arboviral diseases: dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever
- Dengue: clinical care of dengue
Больше Рекомендации
Лифлеты для пациента
Dengue fever
Больше Лифлеты для пациента
Videos
Venepuncture and phlebotomy: animated demonstration
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Использование этого контента попадает под действие нашего заявления об отказе от ответственности

Dengue fever

Резюме

Определение

Анамнез и осмотр

Ключевые диагностические факторы

Другие диагностические факторы

Факторы риска

Диагностические исследования

Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь

Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть

Неотложные исследования

Алгоритм лечения

WHO group C (established warning signs)

WHO group B (developing warning signs)

WHO group A (no warning signs)

Составители

Авторы

S.A.M. Kularatne, MBBS, MD, MRCP (UK), FRCP (London), FCCP (SL)

Раскрытие информации

Рецензенты

John McBride, PhD, MBBS, DTM&H, FRACP, FRCPA

Раскрытие информации

Michael Jacobs, MA, PhD, MBBS, FRCP, DTM&H

Раскрытие информации

Stephen Gluckman, MD

Раскрытие информации

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

Disclosures

Список литературы

Основные статьи

Статьи, указанные как источники

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

Отличия

Рекомендации

Лифлеты для пациента

Videos

Войдите в учетную запись или оформите подписку, чтобы получить полноценный доступ к BMJ Best Practice

Войдите в учетную запись или оформите подписку, чтобы получить полноценный доступ к BMJ Best Practice

Войдите в учетную запись, чтобы получить полноценный доступ к BMJ Best Practice