Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- inability to "pop" or "clear" the ear with changes in barometric pressure
- normal head and neck exam
Other diagnostic factors
- aural fullness
- subjective hearing loss
- autophony
- history of serous otitis media or of chronic otitis media
- edema of the Eustachian tube orifice
- history of retracted or hypermobile tympanic membrane
Risk factors
- cleft palate
- adenoid hypertrophy
- allergic rhinitis
- chronic rhinosinusitis
- neoplasm of nasopharynx or infratemporal fossa
- Eustachian tube trauma
- Eustachian tube infection
- age <5 years
- cigarette smoking
- GERD
- radiation exposure
- history of recent weight loss
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- nasal endoscopy
- tympanometry
Tests to consider
- nasopharyngoscopy
- CT scan
Treatment algorithm
all patients
Contributors
Authors
Edward D. McCoul, MD, MPH
Associate Professor
Department of Otorhinolaryngology
Ochsner Clinical School
University of Queensland School of Medicine
New Orleans
LA
Disclosures
EDM is the author of references cited in this topic and is a consultant for Stryker.
Acknowledgements
Dr Edward D. McCoul would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Erica R. Thaler, the previous contributor to this topic.
Disclosures
ERT declared that she had no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Alan G. Micco, MD
Associate Professor
Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago
IL
Disclosures
AGM declares that he has no competing interests.
Niels van Heerbeek, MD, PhD
Consultant
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery
University Medical Centre
Nijmegen
The Netherlands
Disclosures
NVH declares that he has no competing interests.
Differentials
- Sensorineural hearing loss
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube
- Balloon dilation for chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction
More GuidelinesPatient information
Ear infection with fluid
Ear pain during air travel
More Patient information- Log in or subscribe to access all of BMJ Best Practice
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