Discoid lupus erythematosus

O'Kane D, McCourt C, Meggitt S, et al; British Association of Dermatologists’ Clinical Standards Unit. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of people with cutaneous lupus erythematosus 2021. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Dec;185(6):1112-23.Full text  Abstract

Lu Q, Long H, Chow S, et al. Guideline for the diagnosis, treatment and long-term management of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. J Autoimmun. 2021 Sep;123:102707. Abstract

Kuhn A, Aberer E, Bata-Csörgő Z, et al. S2k guideline for treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus - guided by the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) in cooperation with the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017 Mar;31(3):389-404.Full text  Abstract

1. Provost TT. The relationship between discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Dermatol. 1994 Oct;130(10):1308-10. Abstract

2. Healy E, Kieran E, Rogers S. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus - a study of clinical and laboratory prognostic factors in 65 patients. Ir J Med Sci. 1995 Apr-Jun;164(2):113-5. Abstract

3. Pistiner M, Wallace DJ, Nessim S, et al. Lupus erythematosus in the 1980s: a survey of 570 patients. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1991 Aug;21(1):55-64. Abstract

4. Tebbe B. Clinical course and prognosis of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Clin Dermatol. 2004 Mar-Apr;22(2):121-4. Abstract

5. Siegel M, Lee SL. The epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1973;3(1):1-54. Abstract

6. Santiago-Casas Y, Vilá LM, McGwin G Jr, et al. Association of discoid lupus with clinical manifestations and damage accrual in a multiethnic lupus cohort. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012 May;64(5):704-12.Full text  Abstract

7. Gallego H, Crutchfield CE 3rd, Lewis EJ, et al. Report of an association between discoid lupus erythematosus and smoking. Cutis. 1999 Apr;63(4):231-4. Abstract

8. Miot HA, Bartoli Miot LD, Haddad GR. Association between discoid lupus erythematosus and cigarette smoking. Dermatology. 2005;211(2):118-22. Abstract

9. Knop J, Bonsmann G, Kind P, et al. Antigens of the major histocompatibility complex in patients with chronic discoid lupus erythematosus. Br J Dermatol. 1990 Jun;122(6):723-8. Abstract

10. Seitz CS, Brocker EB, Trautmann A. Linear variant of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus: a clue for the pathogenesis of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus? Lupus. 2008 Dec;17(12):1136-9. Abstract

11. Lin JH, Dutz JP, Sontheimer RD, et al. Pathophysiology of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2007 Oct;33(1-2):85-106. Abstract

12. O'Kane D, McCourt C, Meggitt S, et al; British Association of Dermatologists’ Clinical Standards Unit. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of people with cutaneous lupus erythematosus 2021. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Dec;185(6):1112-23.Full text  Abstract

13. Aringer M, Costenbader K, Daikh D, et al. 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2019 Sep;71(9):1400-12.Full text  Abstract

14. Patel P, Werth V. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: a review. Dermatol Clin. 2002 Jul;20(3):373-85, v. Abstract

15. Lu Q, Long H, Chow S, et al. Guideline for the diagnosis, treatment and long-term management of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. J Autoimmun. 2021 Sep;123:102707. Abstract

16. Kuhn A, Aberer E, Bata-Csörgő Z, et al. S2k guideline for treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus - guided by the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) in cooperation with the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017 Mar;31(3):389-404.Full text  Abstract

17. Rahman P, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB. Smoking interferes with efficacy of antimalarial therapy in cutaneous lupus. J Rheumatol. 1998 Sep;25(9):1716-9. Abstract

18. Kuhn A, Gensch K, Haust M, et al. Efficacy of tacrolimus 0.1% ointment in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Jul;65(1):54-64, 64.e1-2. Abstract

19. Barikbin B, Givrad S, Yousefi M, et al. Pimecrolimus 1% cream versus betamethasone 17-valerate 0.1% cream in the treatment of facial discoid lupus erythematosus: a double-blind, randomized pilot study. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009 Oct;34(7):776-80. Abstract

20. Sugano M, Shintani Y, Kobayashi K, et al. Successful treatment with topical tacrolimus in four cases of discoid lupus erythematosus. J Dermatol. 2006 Dec;33(12):887-91. Abstract

21. Lampropoulos C, Sangle S, Harrison P, et al. Topical tacrolimus therapy of resistant cutaneous lesions in lupus erythematosus: a possible alternative. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004 Nov;43(11):1383-5.Full text  Abstract

22. Tlacuilo-Parra A, Guevara-Gutierrez E, Gutierrez-Murillo F, et al. Pimecrolimus 1% cream for the treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005 Dec;44(12):1564-8.Full text  Abstract

23. Rothfield N, Sontheimer RD, Bernstein M. Lupus erythematosus: systemic and cutaneous manifestations. Clin Dermatol. 2006 Sep-Oct;24(5):348-62. Abstract

24. Callen JP. Management of "refractory" skin disease in patients with lupus erythematosus. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2005 Oct;19(5):767-84. Abstract

25. Wenzel J, Brähler S, Bauer R, et al. Efficacy and safety of methotrexate in recalcitrant cutaneous lupus erythematosus: results of a retrospective study in 43 patients. Br J Dermatol. 2005 Jul;153(1):157-62. Abstract

26. Goyal S, Nousari HC. Treatment of resistant discoid lupus erythematosus of the palms and soles with mycophenolate mofetil. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001 Jul;45(1):142-4. Abstract

27. Ruzicka T, Sommerburg C, Goerz G, et al. Treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus with acitretin and hydroxychloroquine. Br J Dermatol. 1992 Nov;127(5):513-8. Abstract

28. Coburn PR, Shuster S. Dapsone and discoid lupus erythematosus. Br J Dermatol. 1982 Jan;106(1):105-6. Abstract

29. Lindskov R, Reymann F. Dapsone in the treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Dermatologica. 1986;172(4):214-7. Abstract

30. Stevens RJ, Andujar C, Edwards CJ, et al. Thalidomide in the treatment of the cutaneous manifestations of lupus erythematosus: experience in sixteen consecutive patients. Br J Rheumatol. 1997 Mar;36(3):353-9.Full text  Abstract

31. Pelle MT, Werth VP. Thalidomide in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(6):379-87. Abstract

32. Cuadrado MJ, Karim Y, Sanna G, et al. Thalidomide for the treatment of resistant cutaneous lupus: efficacy and safety of different therapeutic regimens. Am J Med. 2005 Mar;118(3):246-50. Abstract

33. Chasset F, Tounsi T, Cesbron E, et al. Efficacy and tolerance profile of thalidomide in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Feb;78(2):342-50.e4. Abstract

34. Erceq A, Bovenschen HJ, van de Kerkhof PC, et al. Efficacy and safety of pulsed dye laser treatment for cutaneous discoid lupus erythematosus. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009 Apr;60(4):626-32. Abstract

35. Eskreis BD, Eng AM, Furey NL. Surgical excision of trauma-induced verrucous lupus erythematosus. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1988 Nov;14(11):1296-9. Abstract

36. Trentin F, Tani C, Elefante E, et al. Treatment with Anifrolumab for discoid lupus erythematosus. JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Feb 1;159(2):224-6. Abstract

37. Werth VP, Furie RA, Romero-Diaz J, et al. Trial of anti-BDCA2 antibody litifilimab for cutaneous lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med. 2022 Jul 28;387(4):321-31.Full text  Abstract

38. American College of Rheumatology. 2022 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guideline for vaccinations in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Mar 2023 [internet publication].Full text  Abstract

39. Sulica VI, Kao GF. Squamous-cell carcinoma of the scalp arising in lesions of discoid lupus erythematosus. Am J Dermatopathol. 1988 Apr;10(2):137-41. Abstract