Essential tremor

Rajput AH, Offord KP, Beard CM, et al. Essential tremor in Rochester, Minnesota: a 45-year study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1984 May;47(5):466-70.Full text  Abstract

Louis ED. Etiology of essential tremor: should we be searching for environmental causes? Mov Disord. 2001 Sep;16(5):822-9. Abstract

Benito-Leon J, Louis ED. Clinical update: diagnosis and treatment of essential tremor. Lancet. 2007 Apr 7;369(9568):1152-4. Abstract

Zesiewicz TA, Elble RJ, Louis ED, et al. Evidence-based guideline update: treatment of essential tremor: report of the Quality Standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2011 Nov 8;77(19):1752-5.Full text  Abstract

Sydow O, Thobois S, Alesch F, et al. Multicentre European study of thalamic stimulation in essential tremor: a six year follow up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003 Oct;74(10):1387-91.Full text  Abstract

Elias WJ, Lipsman N, Ondo WG, et al. A randomized trial of focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor. N Engl J Med. 2016 Aug 25;375(8):730-9.Full text  Abstract

1. Brennan KC, Jurewicz EC, Ford B, et al. Is essential tremor predominantly a kinetic or a postural tremor? A clinical and electrophysiological study. Mov Disord. 2002 Mar;17(2):313-6. Abstract

2. Elble RJ. Essential tremor frequency decreases with time. Neurology. 2000 Nov 28;55(10):1547-51. Abstract

3. Zeuner KE, Deuschl G. An update on tremors. Curr Opin Neurol. 2012 Aug;25(4):475-82. Abstract

4. Bhatia KP, Bain P, Bajaj N, et al. Consensus statement on the classification of tremors. from the task force on tremor of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. Mov Disord. 2018 Jan;33(1):75-87.Full text  Abstract

5. Deuschl G, Bain P, Brin M; Ad Hoc Scientific Committee. Consensus statement of the Movement Disorder Society on tremor. Mov Disord. 1998;13(suppl 3):2-23. Abstract

6. Louis ED. Clinical practice. Essential tremor. N Engl J Med. 2001 Sep 20;345(12):887-91. Abstract

7. Rydz D, Lin CY, Xie T, et al. Pathological findings of anti-Yo cerebellar degeneration with Holmes tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015 Jan;86(1):121-2.Full text  Abstract

8. Gasparini M, Bonifati V, Fabrizio E, et al. Frontal lobe dysfunction in essential tremor: a preliminary study. J Neurol. 2001 May;248(5):399-402. Abstract

9. Lacritz LH, Dewey R, Jr., Giller C, et al. Cognitive functioning in individuals with "benign" essential tremor. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2002 Jan;8(1):125-9. Abstract

10. Lombardi WJ, Woolston DJ, Roberts JW, et al. Cognitive deficits in patients with essential tremor. Neurology. 2001 Sep 11;57(5):785-90. Abstract

11. Chatterjee A, Jurewicz EC, Applegate LM, et al. Personality in essential tremor: further evidence of non-motor manifestations of the disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004 Jul;75(7):958-61. Abstract

12. Cohen O, Pullman S, Jurewicz E, et al. Rest tremor in patients with essential tremor: prevalence, clinical correlates, and electrophysiologic characteristics. Arch Neurol. 2003 Mar;60(3):405-10. Abstract

13. Louis ED. Essential tremor. Lancet Neurol. 2005 Feb;4(2):100-10. Abstract

14. Shanker V. Essential tremor: diagnosis and management. BMJ. 2019 Aug 5;366:l4485.Full text  Abstract

15. Louis ED, Ferreira JJ. How common is the most common adult movement disorder? Update on the worldwide prevalence of essential tremor. Mov Disord. 2010 Apr 15;25(5):534-41. Abstract

16. Louis ED, Ottman R, Hauser WA. How common is the most common adult movement disorder? Estimates of the prevalence of essential tremor throughout the world. Mov Disord. 1998 Jan;13(1):5-10. Abstract

17. Haerer AF, Anderson DW, Schoenberg BS. Prevalence of essential tremor. Results from the Copiah County study. Arch Neurol. 1982 Dec;39(12):750-1. Abstract

18. Louis ED, Fried LP, Fitzpatrick AL, et al. Regional and racial differences in the prevalence of physician-diagnosed essential tremor in the United States. Mov Disord. 2003 Sep;18(9):1035-40. Abstract

19. Louis ED, Marder K, Cote L, et al. Differences in the prevalence of essential tremor among elderly African Americans, whites, and Hispanics in northern Manhattan, NY. Arch Neurol. 1995 Dec;52(12):1201-5. Abstract

20. Rajput AH, Offord KP, Beard CM, et al. Essential tremor in Rochester, Minnesota: a 45-year study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1984 May;47(5):466-70.Full text  Abstract

21. Benito-Leon J, Bermejo-Pareja F, Morales JM, et al. Prevalence of essential tremor in three elderly populations of central Spain. Mov Disord. 2003 Apr;18(4):389-94. Abstract

22. Teravainen H, Larsen A, Fogelholm R. Comparison between the effects of pindolol and propranolol on essential tremor. Neurology. 1977 May;27(5):439-42. Abstract

23. Bain PG, Findley LJ, Thompson PD, et al. A study of hereditary essential tremor. Brain. 1994 Aug;117 (pt 4):805-24. Abstract

24. Findley LJ. Epidemiology and genetics of essential tremor. Neurology. 2000;54(11 Suppl 4):S8-S13. Abstract

25. Louis ED, Ottman R. How familial is familial tremor? The genetic epidemiology of essential tremor. Neurology. 1996 May;46(5):1200-5. Abstract

26. Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Petursson H, et al. Variant in the sequence of the LINGO1 gene confers risk of essential tremor. Nat Genet. 2009 Mar;41(3):277-9.Full text  Abstract

27. Thier S, Lorenz D, Nothnagel M, et al. Polymorphisms in the glial glutamate transporter SLC1A2 are associated with essential tremor. Neurology. 2012 Jul 17;79(3):243-8.Full text  Abstract

28. Müller SH, Girard SL, Hopfner F, et al. Genome-wide association study in essential tremor identifies three new loci. Brain. 2016 Dec;139(pt 12):3163-9.Full text  Abstract

29. Louis ED, Ford B, Frucht S, et al. Risk of tremor and impairment from tremor in relatives of patients with essential tremor: a community-based family study. Ann Neurol. 2001 Jun;49(6):761-9. Abstract

30. Louis ED. Etiology of essential tremor: should we be searching for environmental causes? Mov Disord. 2001 Sep;16(5):822-9. Abstract

31. Louis ED, Factor-Litvak P, Liu X, et al. Elevated brain harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) in essential tremor cases vs. controls. Neurotoxicology. 2013 Sep;38:131-5.Full text  Abstract

32. Louis ED, Benito-León J, Moreno-García S, et al. Blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentration in essential tremor cases in Spain. Neurotoxicology. 2013 Jan;34:264-8.Full text  Abstract

33. Louis ED, Jiang W, Pellegrino KM, et al. Elevated blood harmane (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) concentrations in essential tremor. Neurotoxicology. 2008 Mar;29(2):294-300.Full text  Abstract

34. Dupuis MJ, Delwaide PJ, Boucquey D, et al. Homolateral disappearance of essential tremor after cerebellar stroke. Mov Disord. 1989;4(2):183-7. Abstract

35. Boecker H, Wills AJ, Ceballos-Baumann A, et al. The effect of ethanol on alcohol-responsive essential tremor: a positron emission tomography study. Ann Neurol. 1996 May;39(5):650-8. Abstract

36. Dubinski R, Hallett M. Glucose hypermetabolism of the inferior olive in patients with essential tremor. Ann Neurol. 1987;22:118.

37. Jenkins IH, Bain PG, Colebatch JG, et al. A positron emission tomography study of essential tremor: evidence for overactivity of cerebellar connections. Ann Neurol. 1993 Jul;34(1):82-90. Abstract

38. Gallea C, Popa T, García-Lorenzo D, et al. Intrinsic signature of essential tremor in the cerebello-frontal network. Brain. 2015 Oct;138(pt 10):2920-33.Full text  Abstract

39. Buijink AW, van der Stouwe AM, Broersma M, et al. Motor network disruption in essential tremor: a functional and effective connectivity study. Brain. 2015 Oct;138(pt 10):2934-47.Full text  Abstract

40. Boelmans K, Kaufmann J, Bodammer N, et al. Involvement of motor pathways in corticobasal syndrome detected by diffusion tensor tractography. Mov Disord. 2009 Jan 30;24(2):168-75. Abstract

41. Elble RJ. Origins of tremor. Lancet. 2000 Apr 1;355(9210):1113-4. Abstract

42. Martin FC, Thu Le A, Handforth A. Harmaline-induced tremor as a potential preclinical screening method for essential tremor medications. Mov Disord. 2005 Mar;20(3):298-305. Abstract

43. O'Hearn E, Molliver ME. Degeneration of Purkinje cells in parasagittal zones of the cerebellar vermis after treatment with ibogaine or harmaline. Neuroscience. 1993 Jul;55(2):303-10. Abstract

44. Cheng MM, Tang G, Kuo SH. Harmaline-induced tremor in mice: videotape documentation and open questions about the model. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2013 Dec 9;3:tre-03-205-4668-1.Full text  Abstract

45. Lin CY, Louis ED, Faust PL, et al. Abnormal climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synaptic connections in the essential tremor cerebellum. Brain. 2014 Dec;137(pt 12):3149-59.Full text  Abstract

46. Louis RJ, Lin CY, Faust PL, et al. Climbing fiber synaptic changes correlate with clinical features in essential tremor. Neurology. 2015 Jun 2;84(22):2284-6. Abstract

47. Kuo SH, Lin CY, Wang J, et al. Climbing fiber-Purkinje cell synaptic pathology in tremor and cerebellar degenerative diseases. Acta Neuropathol. Acta Neuropathol. 2017 Jan;133(1):121-38. Abstract

48. Louis ED, Kerridge CA, Chatterjee D, et al. Contextualizing the pathology in the essential tremor cerebellar cortex: a patholog-omics approach. Acta Neuropathol. 2019 Nov;138(5):859-76.Full text  Abstract

49. Kuo SH, Lin CY, Wang J, et al. Deep brain stimulation and climbing fiber synaptic pathology in essential tremor. Ann Neurol. 2016 Sep;80(3):461-5. Abstract

50. Pan MK, Li YS, Wong SB, et al. Cerebellar oscillations driven by synaptic pruning deficits of cerebellar climbing fibers contribute to tremor pathophysiology. Sci Transl Med. 2020 Jan 15;12(526):eaay1769.Full text  Abstract

51. Kuo SH, Tang G, Louis ED, et al. Lingo-1 expression is increased in essential tremor cerebellum and is present in the basket cell pinceau. Acta Neuropathol. 2013 Jun;125(6):879-89.Full text  Abstract

52. Lee M, Cheng MM, Lin CY, et al. Decreased EAAT2 protein expression in the essential tremor cerebellar cortex. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2014 Nov 13;2:157.Full text  Abstract

53. Babij R, Lee M, Cortés E, et al. Purkinje cell axonal anatomy: quantifying morphometric changes in essential tremor versus control brains. Brain. 2013 Oct;136(pt 10):3051-61.Full text  Abstract

54. Louis ED, Lee M, Babij R, et al. Reduced Purkinje cell dendritic arborization and loss of dendritic spines in essential tremor. Brain. 2014 Dec;137(pt 12):3142-8.Full text  Abstract

55. Kuo SH, Erickson-Davis C, Gillman A, et al. Increased number of heterotopic Purkinje cells in essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;82(9):1038-40.Full text  Abstract

56. Wang J, Kelly GC, Tate WJ, et al. Excitatory amino acid transporter expression in the essential tremor dentate nucleus and cerebellar cortex: a postmortem study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2016 Nov;32:87-93. Abstract

57. Louis ED. A new twist for stopping the shakes? Revisiting GABAergic therapy for essential tremor. Arch Neurol. 1999 Jul;56(7):807-8. Abstract

58. Paris-Robidas S, Brochu E, Sintes M, et al. Defective dentate nucleus GABA receptors in essential tremor. Brain. 2012 Jan;135(Pt 1):105-16.Full text  Abstract

59. Kralic JE, Criswell HE, Osterman JL, et al. Genetic essential tremor in gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor alpha1 subunit knockout mice. J Clin Invest. 2005 Mar;115(3):774-9.Full text  Abstract

60. Nietz A, Krook-Magnuson C, Gutierrez H, et al. Selective loss of the GABAAa1 subunit from Purkinje cells is sufficient to induce a tremor phenotype. J Neurophysiol. 2020 Oct 1;124(4):1183-97.Full text  Abstract

61. Louis ED, Hernandez N, Dyke JP, et al. In vivo dentate nucleus gamma-aminobutyric acid concentration in essential tremor vs. controls. Cerebellum. 2018 Apr;17(2):165-72.Full text  Abstract

62. Louis ED, Ford B, Barnes LF. Clinical subtypes of essential tremor. Arch Neurol. 2000 Aug;57(8):1194-8.Full text  Abstract

63. Louis ED, Benito-León J, Ottman R, et al; Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES) Study Group. A population-based study of mortality in essential tremor. Neurology. 2007 Nov 20;69(21):1982-9. Abstract

64. Deuschl G, Petersen I, Lorenz D, et al. Tremor in the elderly: essential and aging-related tremor. Mov Disord. 2015 Sep;30(10):1327-34.Full text  Abstract

65. Bermejo-Pareja F, Louis ED, Benito-León J; Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES) Study Group. Risk of incident dementia in essential tremor: a population-based study. Mov Disord. 2007 Aug 15;22(11):1573-80. Abstract

66. Muthuraman M, Deuschl G, Anwar AR, et al. Essential and aging-related tremor: differences of central control. Mov Disord. 2015 Oct;30(12):1673-80. Abstract

67. Kuo SH, Wang J, Tate WJ, et al. Cerebellar pathology in early onset and late onset essential tremor. Cerebellum. 2016 Apr;16(2):473-82. Abstract

68. Higgins JJ, Loveless JM, Jankovic J, et al. Evidence that a gene for essential tremor maps to chromosome 2p in four families. Mov Disord. 1998 Nov;13(6):972-7. Abstract

69. Tanner CM, Goldman SM, Lyons KE, et al. Essential tremor in twins: an assessment of genetic vs environmental determinants of etiology. Neurology. 2001 Oct 23;57(8):1389-91. Abstract

70. Kovach MJ, Ruiz J, Kimonis K, et al. Genetic heterogeneity in autosomal dominant essential tremor. Genet Med. 2001 May-Jun;3(3):197-9. Abstract

71. Deuschl G, Raethjen J, Lindemann M, et al. The pathophysiology of tremor. Muscle Nerve. 2001 Jun;24(6):716-35. Abstract

72. Thenganatt MA, Louis ED. Distinguishing essential tremor from Parkinson's disease: bedside tests and laboratory evaluations. Expert Rev Neurother. 2012 Jun;12(6):687-96.Full text  Abstract

73. Kronenbuerger M, Konczak J, Ziegler W, et al. Balance and motor speech impairment in essential tremor. Cerebellum. 2009 Sep;8(3):389-98. Abstract

74. Palumbo B, Fravolini ML, Nuvoli S, et al. Comparison of two neural network classifiers in the differential diagnosis of essential tremor and Parkinson's disease by (123)I-FP-CIT brain SPECT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010 Nov;37(11):2146-53. Abstract

75. di Biase L, Brittain JS, Shah SA, et al. Tremor stability index: a new tool for differential diagnosis in tremor syndromes. Brain. 2017 Jul 1;140(7):1977-86.Full text  Abstract

76. Sharifi S, Nederveen AJ, Booij J, et al. Neuroimaging essentials in essential tremor: a systematic review. Neuroimage Clin. 2014 May 9;5:217-31.Full text  Abstract

77. Benito-Leon J, Louis ED. Clinical update: diagnosis and treatment of essential tremor. Lancet. 2007 Apr 7;369(9568):1152-4. Abstract

78. Benito-León J, Louis ED. Essential tremor: emerging views of a common disorder. Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2006 Dec;2(12):666-78. Abstract

79. Trenado C, Amtage F, Huethe F, et al. Suppression of enhanced physiological tremor via stochastic noise: initial observations. PLoS One. 2014 Nov 14;9(11):e112782.Full text  Abstract

80. Louis ED, Ottman R, Ford B, et al. The Washington Heights-Inwood Genetic Study of Essential Tremor: methodologic issues in essential-tremor research. Neuroepidemiology. 1997;16(3):124-33. Abstract

81. Zesiewicz TA, Elble RJ, Louis ED, et al. Evidence-based guideline update: treatment of essential tremor: report of the Quality Standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2011 Nov 8;77(19):1752-5.Full text  Abstract

82. Tolosa ES, Loewenson RB. Essential tremor: treatment with propranolol. Neurology. 1975 Nov;25(11):1041-4. Abstract

83. O'Suilleabhain P, Dewey RB, Jr. Randomized trial comparing primidone initiation schedules for treating essential tremor. Mov Disord. 2002 Mar;17(2):382-6. Abstract

84. Gorman WP, Cooper R, Pocock P, et al. A comparison of primidone, propranolol, and placebo in essential tremor, using quantitative analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1986 Jan;49(1):64-8. Abstract

85. Gironell A, Kulisevsky J, Barbanoj M, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled comparative trial of gabapentin and propranolol in essential tremor. Arch Neurol. 1999 Apr;56(4):475-80. Abstract

86. Ondo W, Hunter C, Vuong KD, et al. Gabapentin for essential tremor: a multiple-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Mov Disord. 2000 Jul;15(4):678-82. Abstract

87. Pahwa R, Lyons K, Hubble JP, et al. Double-blind controlled trial of gabapentin in essential tremor. Mov Disord. 1998 May;13(3):465-7. Abstract

88. Huber SJ, Paulson GW. Efficacy of alprazolam for essential tremor. Neurology. 1988 Feb;38(2):241-3. Abstract

89. Ondo WG, Jankovic J, Connor GS, et al. Topiramate in essential tremor: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neurology. 2006 Mar 14;66(5):672-7. Abstract

90. Bruno E, Nicoletti A, Quattrocchi G, et al. Topiramate for essential tremor. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Apr 14;4:CD009683.Full text  Abstract

91. Flora ED, Perera CL, Cameron AL, et al. Deep brain stimulation for essential tremor: a systematic review. Mov Disord. 2010 Aug 15;25(11):1550-9. Abstract

92. Deuschl G, Bain P. Deep brain stimulation for tremor [correction of trauma]: patient selection and evaluation. Mov Disord. 2002;17 (Suppl 3):S102-11. Abstract

93. Okun MS, Fernandez HH, Pedraza O, et al. Development and initial validation of a screening tool for Parkinson disease surgical candidates. Neurology. 2004 Jul 13;63(1):161-3. Abstract

94. Okun MS, Fernandez HH, Rodriguez RL, et al. Identifying candidates for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: the role of the primary care physician. Geriatrics. 2007 May;62(5):18-24. Abstract

95. Okun MS, Rodriguez RL, Mikos A, et al. Deep brain stimulation and the role of the neuropsychologist. Clin Neuropsychol. 2007 Jan;21(1):162-89. Abstract

96. Rodriguez RL, Fernandez HH, Haq I, et al. Pearls in patient selection for deep brain stimulation. Neurologist. 2007 Sep;13(5):253-60. Abstract

97. Alesch F, Pinter MM, Helscher RJ, et al. Stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus in tremor dominated Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1995;136(1-2):75-81. Abstract

98. Benabid AL, Pollak P, Gao D, et al. Chronic electrical stimulation of the ventralis intermedius nucleus of the thalamus as a treatment of movement disorders. J Neurosurg. 1996 Feb;84(2):203-14. Abstract

99. Benabid AL, Pollak P, Hommel M, et al. Treatment of Parkinson tremor by chronic stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus. Rev Neurol. (Paris) 1989;145(4):320-3. [In French.] Abstract

100. Blond S, Caparros-Lefebvre D, Parker F, et al. Control of tremor and involuntary movement disorders by chronic stereotactic stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus. J Neurosurg. 1992 Jul;77(1):62-8. Abstract

101. Hubble JP, Busenbark KL, Wilkinson S, et al. Deep brain stimulation for essential tremor. Neurology. 1996 Apr;46(4):1150-3. Abstract

102. Koller W, Pahwa R, Busenbark K, et al. High-frequency unilateral thalamic stimulation in the treatment of essential and parkinsonian tremor. Ann Neurol. 1997 Sep;42(3):292-9. Abstract

103. Krauss JK, Simpson RK, Jr, Ondo WG, et al. Concepts and methods in chronic thalamic stimulation for treatment of tremor: technique and application. Neurosurgery. 2001 Mar;48(3):535-41. Abstract

104. Lee JY, Kondziolka D. Thalamic deep brain stimulation for management of essential tremor. J Neurosurg. 2005 Sep;103(3):400-3. Abstract

105. Limousin P, Speelman JD, Gielen F, et al. Multicentre European study of thalamic stimulation in parkinsonian and essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999 Mar;66(3):289-96. Abstract

106. Ondo W, Jankovic J, Schwartz K, et al. Unilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation for refractory essential tremor and Parkinson's disease tremor. Neurology. 1998 Oct;51(4):1063-9. Abstract

107. Pahwa R, Lyons KE, Wilkinson SB, et al. Long-term evaluation of deep brain stimulation of the thalamus. J Neurosurg. 2006 Apr;104(4):506-12. Abstract

108. Schuurman PR, Bosch DA, Bossuyt PM, et al. A comparison of continuous thalamic stimulation and thalamotomy for suppression of severe tremor. N Engl J Med. 2000 Feb 17;342(7):461-8. Abstract

109. Sydow O, Thobois S, Alesch F, et al. Multicentre European study of thalamic stimulation in essential tremor: a six year follow up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003 Oct;74(10):1387-91.Full text  Abstract

110. Koller WC, Lyons KE, Wilkinson SB, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of unilateral deep brain stimulation of the thalamus in essential tremor. Mov Disord. 2001 May;16(3):464-8. Abstract

111. Koller WC, Lyons KE, Wilkinson SB, et al. Efficacy of unilateral deep brain stimulation of the VIM nucleus of the thalamus for essential head tremor. Mov Disord. 1999 Sep;14(5):847-50. Abstract

112. Favilla CG, Ullman D, Wagle Shukla A, et al. Worsening essential tremor following deep brain stimulation: disease progression versus tolerance. Brain. 2012 May;135(Pt 5):1455-62. Abstract

113. Hariz MI, Shamsgovara P, Johansson F, et al. Tolerance and tremor rebound following long-term chronic thalamic stimulation for Parkinsonian and essential tremor. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 1999;72(2-4):208-18. Abstract

114. Hwynn N, Hass CJ, Zeilman P, et al. Steady or not following thalamic deep brain stimulation for essential tremor. J Neurol. 2011 Sep;258(9):1643-8. Abstract

115. Sixel-Doring F, Benecke R, Fogel W, et al; German Deep Brain Stimulation Association. Tiefe Hirnstimulation bei essenziellem Tremor. Empfehlungen der Deutschen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Tiefe Hirnstimulation. [Deep brain stimulation for essential tremor. Consensus recommendations of the German Deep Brain Stimulation Association]. Nervenarzt. 2009 Jun;80(6):662-5. [In German] Abstract

116. Fytagoridis A, Sandvik U, Aström M, et al. Long term follow-up of deep brain stimulation of the caudal zona incerta for essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Mar;83(3):258-62. Abstract

117. Barbe MT, Liebhart L, Runge M, et al. Deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus in patients with essential tremor: stimulation below intercommissural line is more efficient but equally effective as stimulation above. Exp Neurol. 2011 Jul;230(1):131-7. Abstract

118. Chang WS, Chung JC, Kim JP, et al. Simultaneous thalamic and posterior subthalamic electrode insertion with single deep brain stimulation electrode for essential tremor. Neuromodulation. 2013 May-Jun;16(3):236-43. Abstract

119. Elias WJ, Lipsman N, Ondo WG, et al. A randomized trial of focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor. N Engl J Med. 2016 Aug 25;375(8):730-9.Full text  Abstract

120. Mohammed N, Patra D, Nanda A. A meta-analysis of outcomes and complications of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound in the treatment of essential tremor. Neurosurg Focus. 2018 Feb;44(2):E4. Abstract

121. Fukutome K, Kuga Y, Ohnishi H, et al. What factors impact the clinical outcome of magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor? J Neurosurg. 2020 May 1;134(5):1618-23.Full text  Abstract

122. Meng Y, Solomon B, Boutet A, et al. Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for treatment of essential tremor: a 2-year outcome study. Mov Disord. 2018 Oct;33(10):1647-50. Abstract

123. Pouratian N, Baltuch G, Elias WJ, et al. American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery position statement on magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound for the management of essential tremor. Neurosurgery. 2020 Aug 1;87(2):E126-9.Full text  Abstract

124. Niranjan A, Raju SS, Kooshkabadi A, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for essential tremor: retrospective analysis of a 19-year experience. Mov Disord. 2017 May;32(5):769-77. Abstract

125. O'Connor RJ, Kini MU. Non-pharmacological and non-surgical interventions for tremor: a systematic review. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2011 Aug;17(7):509-15. Abstract

126. Louis ED. Essential tremor. Clin Geriatr Med. 2006 Nov;22(4):843-57. Abstract

127. Findley LJ, Cleeves L, Calzetti S. Primidone in essential tremor of the hands and head: a double blind controlled clinical study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985 Sep;48(9):911-5. Abstract

128. Sasso E, Perucca E, Fava R, et al. Primidone in the long-term treatment of essential tremor: a prospective study with computerized quantitative analysis. Clin Neuropharmacol. 1990 Feb;13(1):67-76. Abstract

129. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Unilateral MRI-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for treatment-resistant essential tremor. Jun 2018 [internet publication].Full text

130. NHS England. Transcranial magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for treatment of medication-refractory essential tremor. Nov 2020 [internet publication].Full text

131. Jog M, Lee J, Scheschonka A, et al. Tolerability and efficacy of customized incobotulinumtoxinA injections for essential tremor: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Toxins (Basel). 2020 Dec 20;12(12):807.Full text  Abstract

132. Auff E, Doppelbauer A, Fertl E. Essential tremor: functional disability vs. subjective impairment. J Neural Transm. 1991;33:105-10. Abstract

133. Koller WC, Busenbark K, Miner K. The relationship of essential tremor to other movement disorders: report on 678 patients. Essential Tremor Study Group. Ann Neurol. 1994 Jun;35(6):717-23. Abstract