最后审阅: 5 Oct 2024
最后更新: 15 Jul 2021
小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- shortness of breath
- cough
- hemoptysis
- wheeze
- stridor
完整详情
其他诊断因素
- hoarseness
- orthopnea
- dysphagia
- chest pain
- anxiety
- tachypnea
- tachycardia
- accessory muscle use
- cyanosis
- crackles
完整详情
危险因素
- lung cancer
- primary airway malignancy
- smoking
- artificial airways
- tracheobronchial stents
- transtracheal oxygen catheters
- lung transplantation
- neurocognitive and neuromuscular disorders
- relapsing polychondritis
- granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly known as Wegener granulomatosis)
- tracheobronchomalacia
- endobronchial infections
- extrathoracic and distant malignancies
完整详情
诊断性检查
首要检查
- chest x-ray
完整详情
需考虑的检查
- bronchoscopy (flexible and/or rigid)
- CT chest
- MRI of chest
- flow-volume loops (FVL)
- spirometry
完整详情
新兴检查
- endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)
治疗流程
急症处理
acute presentation
subacute presentation
撰稿人
作者
Jose Fernando Santacruz, MD, FCCP, DAABIP
Medical Director
Bronchoscopy & Interventional Pulmonology
Houston Methodist Lung Center
Houston Methodist Hospital
Houston
TX
利益声明
JFS is a consultant for Boston Scientific and is the author of several studies referenced in this topic.
同行评议者
Krishna M. Sundar, MD
Adjunct Assistant Professor
University of Utah
Director
Pulmonary & Critical Care Research
IHC Urban South Intermountain Utah Valley Pulmonary Clinic
Provo
UT
利益声明
KMS declares that he has no competing interests.
Andrew Parfitt, MBBS, FFAEM
Clinical Director
Acute Medicine
Associate Medical Director
Consultant Emergency Medicine
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
Clinical Lead and Consultant
Accident Emergency Medicine
St Thomas' Hospital
London
UK
利益声明
AP declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- COPD exacerbation
- Asthma exacerbation
- Pneumonia
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- Executive summary: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed
更多 指南患者教育信息
Bronchoscopy
更多 患者教育信息- 登录或订阅即可浏览 BMJ Best Practice 临床实践完整内容
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