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Medullary sponge kidney

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  • Overview
  • Theory
  • Diagnosis
  • Management
  • Follow up
  • Resources
Evidence last reviewed: 16 Apr 2026
Topic last updated: 05 Jul 2022

Summary

定义

病史和体格检查

其他诊断因素

  • previous nephrolithiasis
  • flank pain
  • hematuria
  • costovertebral angle tenderness
  • dysuria
  • urinary urgency
  • increased frequency of urination
  • groin pain
完整详情

危险因素

  • hemihypertrophy
  • Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
  • Caroli disease
  • congenital hepatic fibrosis
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
  • family history of polycystic kidney disease
  • chronic kidney disease
  • hypercalciuria
  • female sex
  • hyperparathyroidism
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • urinalysis
  • urine culture
  • BUN and creatinine
  • serum electrolytes
  • abdominal radiography
  • renal ultrasound
  • intravenous urography
  • noncontrast CT scan
  • CT urogram
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 24-hour urine monitoring
  • stone analysis
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

with urinary tract infection (UTI)

with nephrolithiasis

撰稿人

作者

Michael J. Choi, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine

Clinical Director of Nephrology

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore

MD

利益声明

MJC declares that he has no competing interests.

David S. Goldfarb, MD

Clinical Chief

Division of Nephrology

New York University School of Medicine

New York VA Medical Center

New York

NY

利益声明

DSG is an author of several references cited in this topic.

鸣谢

Dr Michael J. Choi and Dr David S. Goldfarb would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Amaka Edeani, a previous contributor to this topic.

利益声明

AE declares that she has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Khashayar Sakhaee, MD

Internal Medicine Physician

UT Southwestern Medical Center

Dallas

TX

利益声明

KS declares that he has no competing interests.

Eric N. Taylor, MD, MSc

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Harvard Medical School

Renal Division

Brigham and Women's Hospital

Channing Laboratory

Boston

MA

利益声明

ENT declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

关键文献

Forster JA, Taylor J, Browning AJ, et al. A review of the natural progression of medullary sponge kidney and a novel grading system based on intravenous urography findings. Urol Int. 2007;78(3):264-9. 摘要

Imam TH, Patail H, Patail H. Medullary sponge kidney: current perspectives. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2019;12:213-8.全文  摘要

Gambaro G, Feltrin GP, Lupo A, et al. Medullary sponge kidney (Lenarduzzi-Cacchi-Ricci disease): a Padua Medical School discovery in the 1930s. Kidney Int. 2006 Feb;69(4):663-70. 摘要

Maw AM, Megibow AJ, Grasso M, et al. Diagnosis of medullary sponge kidney by computed tomographic urography. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007 Jul;50(1):146-50. 摘要

Pearle MS, Goldfarb DS, Assimos DG, et al; American Urological Association. Medical management of kidney stones: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2014 Aug(reviewed and validity confirmed 2019);192(2):316-24.全文  摘要

Türk C, Neisius A, Petrik A, et al. EAU guidelines on urolithiasis. 2022 [internet publication].全文

参考文献

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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