Common toxic plant ingestions

Froberg B, Ibrahim D, Furbee RB. Plant poisoning. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2007 May;25(2):375-433. Abstract

Halpern JH. Hallucinogens and dissociative agents naturally growing in the United States. Pharmacol Ther. 2004 May;102(2):131-8. Abstract

Gowdy JM. Stramonium intoxication: review of symptomatology in 212 cases. JAMA. 1972 Aug 7;221(6):585-7. Abstract

Burkhard PR, Burkhardt K, Haenggeli CA, et al. Plant-induced seizures: reappearance of an old problem. J Neurol. 1999 Aug;246(8):667-70. Abstract

Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Beuhler MC, et al. 2022 Annual report of the National Poison Data System(®) (NPDS) from America's Poison Centers(®): 40th annual report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2023 Oct;61(10):717-939.Full text  Abstract

1. Froberg B, Ibrahim D, Furbee RB. Plant poisoning. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2007 May;25(2):375-433. Abstract

2. Rodrigues TD, Johnson PN, Jeffrey LP. Holly berry ingestion: case report. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1984 Apr;26(2):157-8. Abstract

3. Hall AH, Spoerke DG, Rumack BH. Assessing mistletoe toxicity. Ann Emerg Med. 1986 Nov;15(11):1320-3. Abstract

4. Salgado N, Silva MA, Figueira ME, et al. Oxalate in foods: extraction conditions, analytical methods, occurrence, and health implications. Foods. 2023 Aug 25;12(17):3201.Full text  Abstract

5. Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Beuhler MC, et al. 2021 Annual report of the National Poison Data System(©) (NPDS) from America's Poison Centers: 39th annual report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 Dec;60(12):1381-643.Full text  Abstract

6. Bah M, Bye R, Pereda-Miranda R. Hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the Mexican medicinal plant Packera candidissima (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). J Ethnopharmacol. 1994 Jun;43(1):19-30. Abstract

7. Griffin DS, Segall HJ. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of selected pyrrolizidine alkaloids, a possible alkenal metabolite of the alkaloids and related alkenals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Nov;86(2):227-34. Abstract

8. McGee D, Brabson T, McCarthy J, et al. Four-year review of cigarette ingestions in children. Pediatr Emerg Care. 1995 Feb;11(1):13-6. Abstract

9. Dasgupta A, Hart AP. Rapid detection of oleander poisoning using fluorescence polarization immunoassay for digitoxin: effect of treatment with digoxin-specific Fab antibody fragment (ovine). Am J Clin Pathol. 1997 Oct;108(4):411-6. Abstract

10. Chan TY. Aconite poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009 Apr;47(4):279-85. Abstract

11. Pierog J, Kane B, Kane K, et al. Management of isolated yew berry toxicity with sodium bicarbonate: a case report in treatment efficacy. J Med Toxicol. 2009 Jun;5(2):84-9. Abstract

12. Halpern JH. Hallucinogens and dissociative agents naturally growing in the United States. Pharmacol Ther. 2004 May;102(2):131-8. Abstract

13. Payne RB. Nutmeg intoxication. N Engl J Med. 1963 Jul 4;269:36-9. Abstract

14. Zhou Z, Wu L, Zhong Y, et al. Gelsemium elegans poisoning: a case with 8 months of follow-up and review of the literature. Front Neurol. 2017;8:204.Full text  Abstract

15. Sukmandari NS, Dash GK, Jusof WHW, et al. A review on Nephelium lappaceum L. Research J Pharm and Tech. 2017;10(8):2819-27.Full text

16. Boumba VA, Mitselou A, Vougiouklakis T. Fatal poisoning from ingestion of Datura stramonium seeds. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2004 Apr;46(2):81-2. Abstract

17. Gowdy JM. Stramonium intoxication: review of symptomatology in 212 cases. JAMA. 1972 Aug 7;221(6):585-7. Abstract

18. Burkhard PR, Burkhardt K, Haenggeli CA, et al. Plant-induced seizures: reappearance of an old problem. J Neurol. 1999 Aug;246(8):667-70. Abstract

19. Krenzelok EP, Mrvos R. Friends and foes in the plant world: a profile of plant ingestions and fatalities. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2011 Mar;49(3):142-9. Abstract

20. Krenzelok EP, Jacobsen TD, Aronis JM. Hemlock ingestions: the most deadly plant exposures (abstract). J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1996;34:601-2.

21. Oliver F, Amon EU, Breathnach A, et al. Contact urticaria due to the common stinging nettle (Urtica dioica): histological, ultrastructural and pharmacological studies. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1991 Jan;16(1):1-7. Abstract

22. Hilman BC, Kurzweg FT, McCook WW Jr, et al. Foreign body aspiration of grass inflorescences as a cause of hemoptysis. Chest. 1980 Aug;78(2):306-9.Full text  Abstract

23. Hogan RP 3rd. Hemorrhagic diathesis caused by drinking an herbal tea. JAMA. 1983 May 20;249(19):2679-80. Abstract

24. Palatnick W, Tenenbein M. Hepatotoxicity from castor bean ingestion in a child. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2000;38(1):67-9. Abstract

25. Deahl M. Betel nut-induced extrapyramidal syndrome: an unusual drug interaction. Mov Disord. 1989;4(4):330-2. Abstract

26. Vetter J. Plant cyanogenic glycosides. Toxicon. 2000 Jan;38(1):11-36. Abstract

27. Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Beuhler MC, et al. 2022 Annual report of the National Poison Data System(®) (NPDS) from America's Poison Centers(®): 40th annual report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2023 Oct;61(10):717-939.Full text  Abstract

28. Rajapakse S. Management of yellow oleander poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009 Mar;47(3):206-12. Abstract

29. Eddleston M, Persson H. Acute plant poisoning and antitoxin antibodies. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2003;41(3):309-15.Full text  Abstract

30. Abbes M, Montana M, Curti C, et al. Ricin poisoning: a review on contamination source, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and reporting of ricin poisoning. Toxicon. 2021 May;195:86-92. Abstract

31. Ghorani-Azam A, Sepahi S, Riahi-Zanjani B, et al. Plant toxins and acute medicinal plant poisoning in children: a systematic literature review. J Res Med Sci. 2018 Mar 27;23:26.Full text  Abstract

32. Schep LJ, Slaughter RJ, Beasley DM. Nicotinic plant poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009 Sep;47(8):771-81. Abstract

33. Shrivastava A, Kumar A, Thomas JD, et al. Association of acute toxic encephalopathy with litchi consumption in an outbreak in Muzaffarpur, India, 2014: a case-control study. Lancet Glob Health. 2017 Apr;5(4):e458-66.Full text  Abstract

34. Weinberg RB. Hunan hand. N Engl J Med. 1981 Oct 22;305(17):1020. Abstract

35. Roberge R, Brader E, Martin ML, et al. The root of evil: pokeweed intoxication. Ann Emerg Med. 1986;15:470-473. Abstract

36. Burns MJ, Linden CH, Graudins A, et al. A comparison of physostigmine and benzodiazepines for the treatment of anticholinergic poisoning. Ann Emerg Med. 2000 Apr;35(4):374-81. Abstract

37. Wagstaff DJ, Raisbeck M, Wagstaff AT. Poisonous plant information system (PPIS). Vet Hum Toxicol. 1989 Jun;31(3):237-8. Abstract

38. U.S Food and Drug Administration. Temporary importation of anticholium ® (physostigmine salicylate) ampules with foreign, non-U.S. labeling to address supply shortage. Sep 2023 [internet publication].Full text

39. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Temporary importation available for physostigmine injection​. Oct 2023 [internet publication].Full text

40. Borys DJ, Setzer SC, Hornfeldt CS. A retrospective review of plant exposures as reported to the Hennepin Regional Poison Center in 1985. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1987 Feb;29(1):83-5. Abstract

41. Stegelmeier BL, Edgar JA, Colegate SM, et al. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid plants, metabolism and toxicity. J Nat Toxins. 1999 Feb;8(1):95-116. Abstract

42. Safadi R, Levy I, Amitai Y, et al. Beneficial effect of digoxin-specific Fab antibody fragments in oleander intoxication. Arch Intern Med. 1995 Oct 23;155(19):2121-5. Abstract

43. Adaniya H, Hayami H, Hiraoka M, et al. Effects of magnesium on polymorphic ventricular tachycardias induced by aconitine. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1994 Nov;24(5):721-9. Abstract

44. Sawanobori T, Adaniya H, Hirano Y, et al. Effects of antiarrhythmic agents and Mg2+ on aconitine-induced arrhythmias. Jpn Heart J. 1996 Sep;37(5):709-18. Abstract

45. Kolev ST, Leman P, Kite GC, et al. Toxicity following accidental ingestion of Aconitum containing Chinese remedy. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1996 Oct;15(10):839-42. Abstract

46. Clara A, Rauch S, Überbacher CA, et al. High-dose magnesium sulfate in the treatment of aconite poisoning [in German]. Anaesthesist. 2015 May;64(5):381-4. Abstract

47. Holbrook A, Schulman S, Witt DM, et al; American College of Chest Physicians. Evidence-based management of anticoagulant therapy: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2012 Feb;141(2 suppl):e152S-e184S.Full text  Abstract

48. Watkins JW, Schwarz ES, Arroyo-Plasencia AM, et al. The use of physostigmine by toxicologists in anticholinergic toxicity. J Med Toxicol. 2015 Jun;11(2):179-84.Full text  Abstract

49. Moore PW, Rasimas JJ, Donovan JW. Physostigmine is the antidote for anticholinergic syndrome. J Med Toxicol. 2015 Mar;11(1):159-60.Full text  Abstract

50. 43rd International Congress of the European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists (EAPCCT), 23–26 May 2023, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. Clin Toxicol. 2023;61(suppl 1):1-129​.Full text

51. European Medicines Agency. European Medicines Agency recommends changes to the use of metoclopramide. July 2013 [internet publication].Full text

52. Roberts DM, Buckley NA. Antidotes for acute cardenolide (cardiac glycoside) poisoning. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Oct 18;(4):CD005490.Full text  Abstract

53. Sriapha C, Tongpoo A, Wongvisavakorn S, et al. Plant poisoning in Thailand: a 10-year analysis from Ramathibodi poison center. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2015 Nov;46(6):1063-76. Abstract