References
Key articles
Wethers DL. Sickle cell disease in childhood: part I. Laboratory diagnosis, pathophysiology and health maintenance. Am Fam Physician. 2000 Sep 1;62(5):1013-20, 1027-8.Full text Abstract
DeBaun MR, Jordan LC, King AA, et al. American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for sickle cell disease: prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebrovascular disease in children and adults. Blood Adv. 2020 Apr 28;4(8):1554-88.Full text Abstract
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Evidence-based management of sickle cell disease: expert panel report, 2014. Sep 2014 [internet publication].Full text
Bain BJ, Daniel Y, Henthorn J, et al. Significant haemoglobinopathies: a guideline for screening and diagnosis. Br J Haematol. 2023 Jun;201(6):1047-65.Full text Abstract
Chou ST, Alsawas M, Fasano RM, et al. American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for sickle cell disease: transfusion support. Blood Adv. 2020 Jan 28;4(2):327-55.Full text Abstract
Trompeter S, Massey E, Robinson S, et al. Position paper on International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine (ICTM) Guideline 'Red blood cell specifications for patients with hemoglobinopathies: a systematic review and guideline'. Br J Haematol. 2020 May;189(3):424-27.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
1. Pass KA, Lane PA, Fernhoff PM, et al. US newborn screening system guidelines II: follow-up of children, diagnosis, management, and evaluation. Statement of the Council of Regional Networks for Genetic Services (CORN). J Pediatr. 2000 Oct;137(suppl 4):S1-46. Abstract
2. Dunston T, Rowland R, Huntsman RG, et al. Sickle-cell haemoglobin C disease and sickle-cell beta thalassaemia in white South Africans. S Afr Med J. 1972 Sep 30;46(39):1423-6. Abstract
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Data and statistics on sickle cell disease. Dec 2020 [internet publication].Full text
4. Lorey FW, Arnopp J, Cunningham GC. Distribution of hemoglobinopathy variants by ethnicity in a multiethnic state. Genet Epidemiol. 1996;13(5):501-12. Abstract
5. Ohene-Frempong K, Nkrumah FK. Sickle cell disease in Africa. In: Embry SH, Hebbel RP, Mohandas N, et al, eds. Sickle cell disease: basic principles and clinical practice. New York, NY: Raven Press Ltd; 1994.
6. Allison A. Abnormal haemoglobin and erythrocyte enzyme-deficiency traits. In: Harrison G, ed. Genetic variations in human populations. New York, NY; 1961.
7. Wethers DL. Sickle cell disease in childhood: part I. Laboratory diagnosis, pathophysiology and health maintenance. Am Fam Physician. 2000 Sep 1;62(5):1013-20, 1027-8.Full text Abstract
8. Sundd P, Gladwin MT, Novelli EM. Pathophysiology of sickle cell disease. Annu Rev Pathol. 2019 Jan 24;14:263-92.Full text Abstract
9. Piel FB, Steinberg MH, Rees DC. Sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med. 2017 Apr 20;376(16):1561-73.Full text Abstract
10. Hebbel RP, Yamada O, Moldow CF, et al. Abnormal adherence of sickle erythrocytes to cultured vascular endothelium: possible mechanism for microvascular occlusion in sickle cell disease. J Clin Invest. 1980 Jan;65(1):154-60.Full text Abstract
11. Hebbel RP, Osarogiagbon R, Kaul D. The endothelial biology of sickle cell disease: inflammation and a chronic vasculopathy. Microcirculation. 2004 Mar;11(2):129-51. Abstract
12. Yale SH, Nagib N, Guthrie T. Approach to the vaso-occlusive crisis in adults with sickle cell disease. Am Fam Physician. 2000 Mar 1;61(5):1349-56, 1363-4. Abstract
13. Kato GJ, Onyekwere OC, Gladwin MT. Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease: relevance to children. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2007 Apr-May;24(3):159-70.Full text Abstract
14. Naik RP, Smith-Whitley K, Hassell KL, et al. Clinical outcomes associated with sickle cell trait: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2018 Nov 6;169(9):619-27.Full text Abstract
15. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin No. 78: hemoglobinopathies in pregnancy. Aug 2022 [internet publication].Full text
16. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Committee opinion no. 690: carrier screening in the age of genomic medicine. Mar 2017 [internet publication].Full text Abstract
17. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Committee opinion no. 691: carrier screening for genetic conditions. Mar 2017 [internet publication].Full text Abstract
18. Dormandy E, Gulliford M, Bryan S, et al. Effectiveness of earlier antenatal screening for sickle cell disease and thalassaemia in primary care: cluster randomised trial. 2010 Oct 5;341:c5132.Full text Abstract
19. US Preventive Services Task Force. Sickle cell disease (hemoglobinopathies) in newborns: screening - referred topic. Sep 2007 [internet publication].Full text
20. Simundic AM, Bölenius K, Cadamuro J, et al. Joint EFLM-COLABIOCLI recommendation for venous blood sampling. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2018;56(12):2015-38. Abstract
21. Gill FM, Sleeper LA, Weiner SJ, et al; Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. Clinical events in the first decade in a cohort of infants with sickle cell disease. Blood. 1995 Jul 15;86(2):776-83.Full text Abstract
22. Miller ST, Sleeper LA, Pegelow CH, et al. Prediction of adverse outcomes in children with sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med. 2000 Jan 13;342(2):83-9.Full text Abstract
23. Gualandro SF, Fonseca GH, Yokomizo IK, et al. Cohort study of adult patients with haemoglobin SC disease: clinical characteristics and predictors of mortality. Br J Haematol. 2015 Nov;171(4):631-7.Full text Abstract
24. Mukisi-Mukaza M, Elbaz A, Samuel-Leborgne Y, et al. Prevalence, clinical features, and risk factors of osteonecrosis of the femoral head among adults with sickle cell disease. Orthopedics. 2000 Apr;23(4):357-63. Abstract
25. Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC). Hemoglobinopathies: current practices for screening, confirmation and follow-up. Dec 2015 [internet publication].Full text
26. Vosmaer A, Pereira RR, Koenderman JS, et al. Coagulation abnormalities in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Jan;92(1):121-8. Abstract
27. Eckman J. Neonatal screening. In: Embry SH, Hebbel RP, Mohandas N, et al, eds. Sickle cell disease: basic principles and clinical practice. New York, NY: Raven Press Ltd.; 1994.
28. DeBaun MR, Jordan LC, King AA, et al. American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for sickle cell disease: prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebrovascular disease in children and adults. Blood Adv. 2020 Apr 28;4(8):1554-88.Full text Abstract
29. Cherry MG, Greenhalgh J, Osipenko L, et al. The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of primary stroke prevention in children with sickle cell disease: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess. 2012;16(43):1-129.Full text Abstract
30. Alexandrov AV, Sloan MA, Tegeler CH, et al; American Society of Neuroimaging Practice Guidelines Committee. Practice standards for transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound. Part II. Clinical indications and expected outcomes. J Neuroimaging. 2012 Jul;22(3):215-24. Abstract
31. Pecker LH, Sharma D, Nero A, et al. Knowledge gaps in reproductive and sexual health in girls and women with sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol. 2021 Sep;194(6):970-79.Full text Abstract
32. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Evidence-based management of sickle cell disease: expert panel report, 2014. Sep 2014 [internet publication].Full text
33. Stephens AD, Angastiniotis M, Baysal E, et al; International Council for the Standardisation of Haematology (ICSH). ICSH recommendations for the measurement of haemoglobin F. Int J Lab Hematol. 2012 Feb;34(1):14-20. Abstract
34. Lobitz S, Telfer P, Cela E, et al. Newborn screening for sickle cell disease in Europe: recommendations from a Pan-European Consensus Conference. Br J Haematol. 2018 Nov;183(4):648-60.Full text Abstract
35. Bain BJ, Daniel Y, Henthorn J, et al. Significant haemoglobinopathies: a guideline for screening and diagnosis. Br J Haematol. 2023 Jun;201(6):1047-65.Full text Abstract
36. Asnani MR, Quimby KR, Bennett NR, et al. Interventions for patients and caregivers to improve knowledge of sickle cell disease and recognition of its related complications. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Oct 6;(10):CD011175.Full text Abstract
37. Rankine-Mullings AE, Owusu-Ofori S. Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Mar 8;(3):CD003427.Full text Abstract
38. Dekker LH, Fijnvandraat K, Brabin BJ, et al. Micronutrients and sickle cell disease, effects on growth, infection and vaso-occlusive crisis: a systematic review. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012 Aug;59(2):211-5. Abstract
39. Platt OS, Brambilla DJ, Rosse WF, et al. Mortality in sickle cell disease - life expectancy and risk factors for early death. N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 9;330(23):1639-44.Full text Abstract
40. Redwood AM, Williams EM, Desai P, et al. Climate and painful crisis of sickle-cell disease in Jamaica. BMJ. 1976 Jan 10;1(6001):66-8.Full text Abstract
41. Mohan J, Marshall JM, Reid HL, et al. Peripheral vascular response to mild indirect cooling in patients with homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease and the frequency of painful crisis. Clin Sci (Lond). 1998 Feb;94(2):111-20. Abstract
42. Beutler E. Disorders of hemoglobin structure: sickle cell anemia and related abnormalities. In: Lichtman MA, Beutler E, Kaushansky K, et al, eds. Williams hematology. 7th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006:667-700.
43. Charache S, Terrin ML, Moore RD, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on the frequency of painful crises in sickle cell anemia. N Engl J Med. 1995 May 18;332(20):1317-22.Full text Abstract
44. Lanzkron S, Strouse JJ, Wilson R, et al. Systematic review: hydroxyurea for the treatment of adults with sickle cell disease. Ann Intern Med. 2008 Jun 17;148(12):939-55.Full text Abstract
45. Segal JB, Strouse JJ, Beach MC, et al. Hydroxyurea for the treatment of sickle cell disease. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep). 2008 Mar;(165):1-95. Abstract
46. Hankins JS, Ware RE, Rogers ZR, et al. Long-term hydroxyurea therapy for infants with sickle cell anemia: the HUSOFT extension study. Blood. 2005 Oct 1;106(7):2269-75.Full text Abstract
47. Scott JP, Hillery CA, Brown ER, et al. Hydroxyurea therapy in children severely affected with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr. 1996 Jun;128(6):820-8. Abstract
48. Wang WC, Helms RW, Lynn HS, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on growth in children with sickle cell anemia: results of the HUG-KIDS Study. J Pediatr. 2002 Feb;140(2):225-9. Abstract
49. Wang WC, Ware RE, Miller ST, et al; BABY HUG investigators. Hydroxycarbamide in very young children with sickle-cell anaemia: a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial (BABY HUG). Lancet. 2011 May 14;377(9778):1663-72.Full text Abstract
50. Zimmerman SA, Schultz WH, Davis JS, et al. Sustained long-term hematologic efficacy of hydroxyurea at maximum tolerated dose in children with sickle cell disease. Blood. 2004 Mar 15;103(6):2039-45.Full text Abstract
51. Nevitt SJ, Jones AP, Howard J. Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) for sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Apr 20;(4):CD002202.Full text Abstract
52. Ware RE, Helms RW; SWiTCH Investigators. Stroke with transfusions changing to hydroxyurea (SWiTCH). Blood. 2012 Apr 26;119(17):3925-32.Full text Abstract
53. Kinney TR, Helms RW, O'Branski EE, et al. Safety of hydroxyurea in children with sickle cell anemia: results of the HUG-KIDS study, a phase I/II trial. Pediatric Hydroxyurea Group. Blood. 1999 Sep 1;94(5):1550-4.Full text Abstract
54. Steinberg MH, Barton F, Castro O, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on mortality and morbidity in adult sickle cell anemia: risks and benefits up to 9 years of treatment. JAMA. 2003 Apr 2;289(13):1645-51.Full text Abstract
55. Voskaridou E, Christoulas D, Bilalis A, et al. The effect of prolonged administration of hydroxyurea on morbidity and mortality in adult patients with sickle cell syndromes: results of a 17-year, single-center trial (LaSHS). Blood. 2010 Mar 25;115(12):2354-63.Full text Abstract
56. Steinberg MH, McCarthy WF, Castro O, et al. The risks and benefits of long-term use of hydroxyurea in sickle cell anemia: a 17.5 year follow-up. Am J Hematol. 2010 Jun;85(6):403-8.Full text Abstract
57. Cieri-Hutcherson NE, Hutcherson TC, Conway-Habes EE, et al. Systematic review of l-glutamine for prevention of vaso-occlusive pain crisis in patients with sickle cell disease. Pharmacotherapy. 2019 Nov;39(11):1095-1104. Abstract
58. Niihara Y, Miller ST, Kanter J, et al. A phase 3 trial of L-glutamine in sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jul 19;379(3):226-35. Abstract
59. Quinn CT. L-glutamine for sickle cell anemia: more questions than answers. Blood. 2018 Aug 16;132(7):689-93. Abstract
60. Ataga KI, Kutlar A, Kanter J, et al. Crizanlizumab for the prevention of pain crises in sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med. 2017 Feb 2;376(5):429-39.Full text Abstract
61. Kutlar A, Kanter J, Liles DK, et al. Effect of crizanlizumab on pain crises in subgroups of patients with sickle cell disease: a SUSTAIN study analysis. Am J Hematol. 2019 Jan;94(1):55-61.Full text Abstract
62. Han J, Saraf SL, Gordeuk VR. Systematic review of crizanlizumab: a new parenteral option to reduce vaso-occlusive pain crises in patients with sickle cell disease. Pharmacotherapy. 2020 Jun;40(6):535-43. Abstract
63. Çanak B, Eşkazan AE. Voxelotor: a new kid on the block in the treatment of sickle cell disease. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 14 Feb 2022 [internet publication].Full text Abstract
64. Vichinsky E, Hoppe CC, Ataga KI, et al. A phase 3 randomized trial of voxelotor in sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med. 2019 Aug 8;381(6):509-19.Full text Abstract
65. Han J, Saraf SL, Gordeuk VR. Systematic review of voxelotor: a first-in-class sickle hemoglobin polymerization inhibitor for management of sickle cell disease. Pharmacotherapy. 2020 Jun;40(6):525-34. Abstract
66. U.S. National Library of medicine. Clinical trials. Study to evaluate the effect of GBT440 on TCD in pediatrics with sickle cell disease (HOPE Kids 2). Dec 2020 [internet publication].Full text
67. Vichinsky EP, Haberkern CM, Neumayr L, et al; The Preoperative Transfusion in Sickle Cell Disease Study Group. A comparison of conservative and aggressive transfusion regimens in the perioperative management of sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med. 1995 Jul 27;333(4):206-13.Full text Abstract
68. Estcourt LJ, Kimber C, Trivella M, et al. Preoperative blood transfusions for sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jul 2;(9):CD003149.Full text Abstract
69. Howard J, Malfroy M, Llewelyn C, et al. The Transfusion Alternatives Preoperatively in Sickle Cell Disease (TAPS) study: a randomised, controlled, multicentre clinical trial. Lancet. 2013 Mar 16;381(9870):930-8. Abstract
70. Lee MT, Piomelli S, Granger S, et al. Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP): extended follow-up and final results. Blood. 2006 Aug 1;108(3):847-52.Full text Abstract
71. Adams RJ, Brambilla D. Discontinuing prophylactic transfusions used to prevent stroke in sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med. 2005 Dec 29;353(26):2769-78.Full text Abstract
72. Compernolle V, Chou ST, Tanael S, et al. Red blood cell specifications for patients with hemoglobinopathies: a systematic review and guideline. Transfusion. 2018 Jun;58(6):1555-66. Abstract
73. Chou ST, Alsawas M, Fasano RM, et al. American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for sickle cell disease: transfusion support. Blood Adv. 2020 Jan 28;4(2):327-55.Full text Abstract
74. Trompeter S, Massey E, Robinson S, et al. Position paper on International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine (ICTM) Guideline 'Red blood cell specifications for patients with hemoglobinopathies: a systematic review and guideline'. Br J Haematol. 2020 May;189(3):424-27.Full text Abstract
75. Fasano RM, Meyer EK, Branscomb J, et al. Impact of red blood cell antigen matching on alloimmunization and transfusion complications in patients with sickle cell disease: a systematic review. Transfus Med Rev. 2019 Jan;33(1):12-23. Abstract
76. Oteng-Ntim E, Pavord S, Howard R, et al. Management of sickle cell disease in pregnancy. A British Society for Haematology Guideline. Br J Haematol. 2021 Sep;194(6):980-95.Full text Abstract
77. Boafor TK, Olayemi E, Galadanci N, et al. Pregnancy outcomes in women with sickle-cell disease in low and high income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJOG. 2016 Apr;123(5):691-8. Abstract
78. Malinowski AK, Shehata N, D'Souza R, et al. Prophylactic transfusion for pregnant women with sickle cell disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood. 2015 Nov 19;126(21):2424-35.Full text Abstract
79. Brandow AM, Carroll CP, Creary S, et al. American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for sickle cell disease: management of acute and chronic pain. Blood Adv. 2020 Jun 23;4(12):2656-701.Full text Abstract
80. Jacobson SJ, Kopecky EA, Joshi P, et al. Randomised trial of oral morphine for painful episodes of sickle-cell disease in children. Lancet. 1997 Nov 8;350(9088):1358-61. Abstract
81. Cooper TE, Hambleton IR, Ballas SK, et al. Pharmacological interventions for painful sickle cell vaso-occlusive crises in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Nov 14;2019(11):CD012187.Full text Abstract
82. Aboursheid T, Albaroudi O, Alahdab F. Inhaled nitric oxide for treating pain crises in people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Oct 11;(10):CD011808.Full text Abstract
83. Dampier CD, Wager CG, Harrison R, et al; Investigators of the Sickle Cell Disease Clinical Research Network (SCDCRN). Impact of PCA strategies on pain intensity and functional assessment measures in adults with sickle cell disease during hospitalized vaso-occlusive episodes. Am J Hematol. 2012 Oct;87(10):E71-4.Full text Abstract
84. Vichinsky EP, Neumayr LD, Earles AN, et al. Causes and outcomes of the acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease. National Acute Chest Syndrome Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000 Jun 22;342(25):1855-65.Full text Abstract
85. Dolatkhah R, Dastgiri S. Blood transfusions for treating acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jan 16;(1):CD007843.Full text Abstract
86. Bundy DG, Richardson TE, Hall M, et al. Association of guideline-adherent antibiotic treatment with readmission of children with sickle cell disease hospitalized with acute chest syndrome. JAMA Pediatr. 2017 Nov 1;171(11):1090-9.Full text Abstract
87. Kanter J, Liem RI, Bernaudin F, et al. American Society of Hematology 2021 guidelines for sickle cell disease: stem cell transplantation. Blood Adv. 2021 Sep 28;5(18):3668-89.Full text Abstract
88. Oringanje C, Nemecek E, Oniyangi O. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jul 3;(7):CD007001.Full text Abstract
89. Shenoy S, Angelucci E, Arnold SD, et al. Current results and future research priorities in late effects after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for children with sickle cell disease and thalassemia: a consensus statement from the Second Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium International Conference on Late Effects after Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2017 Apr;23(4):552-61.Full text Abstract
90. Smith WR, Penberthy LT, Bovbjerg VE, et al. Daily assessment of pain in adults with sickle cell disease. Ann Intern Med. 2008 Jan 15;148(2):94-101. Abstract
91. Anie KA, Green J. Psychological therapies for sickle cell disease and pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 May 8;(5):CD001916.Full text Abstract
92. Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, et al. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 23;(1):CD007798.Full text Abstract
93. Martí-Carvajal AJ, Solà I, Agreda-Pérez LH. Treatment for avascular necrosis of bone in people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Dec 5;(12):CD004344.Full text Abstract
94. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA drug safety communication: FDA restricts use of prescription codeine pain and cough medicines and tramadol pain medicines in children; recommends against use in breastfeeding women. Apr 2017 [internet publication].Full text
95. Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency. Codeine: restricted use as analgesic in children and adolescents after European safety review. Jun 2013 [internet publication].Full text
96. European Medicines Agency. Restrictions on use of codeine for pain relief in children - CMDh endorses PRAC recommendation. Jun 2013 [internet publication].Full text
97. Frangoul H, Altshuler D, Cappellini MD, et al. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing for sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia. N Engl J Med. 2021 Jan 21;384(3):252-60.Full text Abstract
98. ClinicalTrials.gov. A safety and efficacy study evaluating CTX001 in subjects with severe sickle cell disease. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03745287. Nov 2023 [internet publication].Full text
99. Locatelli F, Frangoul H, Corbacioglu S, et al. Efficacy and safety of a single dose of CTX001 for transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia and severe sicle cell disease. Paper presented at: European Hematology Association Congress 2022. Vienna, Austria.Full text
100. ClinicalTrials.gov. A long-term follow-up study in subjects who received CTX001. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04208529. Nov 2022 [internet publication].Full text
101. ClinicalTrials.gov. Evaluation of safety and efficacy of CTX001 in pediatric participants with severe sickle cell disease (SCD). ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05329649. Aug 2023 [internet publication].Full text
102. Kanter J, Walters MC, Krishnamurti L, et al. Biologic and clinical efficacy of LentiGlobin for sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med. 2022 Feb 17;386(7):617-28.Full text Abstract
103. ClinicalTrials.gov. A study evaluating gene therapy with BB305 Lentiviral vector in sickle cell disease. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04293185. Sep 2023 [internet publication].Full text
104. McArthur JG, Svenstrup N, Chen C, et al. A novel, highly potent and selective phosphodiesterase-9 inhibitor for the treatment of sickle cell disease. Haematologica. 2020 Mar; 105(3):623–31.Full text Abstract
105. U.S. National library of medicine. Clinical trials. A study of IMR-687 in subjects with sickle cell disease. Jul 2020 [internet publication].Full text
106. ClinicalTrials.gov. A study evaluating the efficacy and safety of Mitapivat (AG-348) in participants with sickle cell disease. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05031780. Mar 2022 [internet publication].Full text
107. Rab MAE, Van Oirschot BA, Kosinski PA, et al. AG-348 (Mitapivat), an allosteric activator of red blood cell pyruvate kinase, increases enzymatic activity, protein stability, and ATP levels over a broad range of PKLR genotypes. Haematologica. 2021 Jan 1;106(1):238-49.Full text Abstract
108. Liem RI, Lanzkron S, D Coates T, et al. American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for sickle cell disease: cardiopulmonary and kidney disease. Blood Adv. 2019 Dec 10;3(23):3867-97.Full text Abstract
109. Meschia JF, Bushnell C, Boden-Albala B, et al. Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014 Dec;45(12):3754-832.Full text Abstract
110. Shah FT, Porter JB, Sadasivam N, et al. Guidelines for the monitoring and management of iron overload in patients with haemoglobinopathies and rare anaemias. Br J Haematol. 2022 Jan;196(2):336-50.Full text Abstract
111. Qureshi A, Kaya B, Pancham S, et al. Guidelines for the use of hydroxycarbamide in children and adults with sickle cell disease: a British Society for Haematology Guideline. Br J Haematol. 2018 May;181(4):460-75.Full text Abstract
112. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Sickle cell disease: managing acute painful episodes in hospital. Jun 2012 [internet publication].Full text
113. Elmariah H, Garrett ME, De Castro LM, et al. Factors associated with survival in a contemporary adult sickle cell disease cohort. Am J Hematol. 2014 May;89(5):530-5.Full text Abstract
114. Grosse SD, Odame I, Atrash HK, et al. Sickle cell disease in Africa: a neglected cause of early childhood mortality. Am J Prev Med. 2011 Dec;41(6 suppl 4):S398-405.Full text Abstract
115. Ohene-Frempong K, Weiner SJ, Sleeper LA, et al. Cerebrovascular accidents in sickle cell disease: rates and risk factors. Blood. 1998 Jan 1;91(1):288-94.Full text Abstract
116. Stockman JA, Nigro MA, Mishkin MM, et al. Occlusion of large cerebral vessels in sickle-cell anemia. N Engl J Med. 1972 Oct 26;287(17):846-9. Abstract
117. Ware RE, Davis BR, Schultz WH, et al. Hydroxycarbamide versus chronic transfusion for maintenance of transcranial doppler flow velocities in children with sickle cell anaemia-TCD With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (TWiTCH): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2016 Feb 13;387(10019):661-70.Full text Abstract
118. Miller ST, Jensen D, Rao SP. Less intensive long-term transfusion therapy for sickle cell anemia and cerebrovascular accident. J Pediatr. 1992 Jan;120(1):54-7. Abstract
119. Estcourt LJ, Kohli R, Hopewell S, et al. Blood transfusion for preventing primary and secondary stroke in people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jul 27;(7):CD003146.Full text Abstract
120. Hulbert ML, McKinstry RC, Lacey JL, et al. Silent cerebral infarcts occur despite regular blood transfusion therapy after first strokes in children with sickle cell disease. Blood. 2011 Jan 20;117(3):772-9.Full text Abstract
121. Estcourt LJ, Kimber C, Hopewell S, et al. Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Apr 6;(4):CD012389.Full text Abstract
122. Fortin PM, Hopewell S, Estcourt LJ. Red blood cell transfusion to treat or prevent complications in sickle cell disease: an overview of Cochrane reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Aug 1;(8):CD012082.Full text Abstract
123. Vichinsky EP, Neumayr LD, Gold JI, et al; Neuropsychological Dysfunction and Neuroimaging Adult Sickle Cell Anemia Study Group. Neuropsychological dysfunction and neuroimaging abnormalities in neurologically intact adults with sickle cell anemia. JAMA. 2010 May 12;303(18):1823-31. Abstract
124. Krauss JS, Freant LJ, Lee JR. Gastrointestinal pathology in sickle cell disease. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1998 Jan-Feb;28(1):19-23. Abstract
125. Omata M, Johnson CS, Tong M, et al. Pathological spectrum of liver diseases in sickle cell disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1986 Mar;31(3):247-56. Abstract
126. Schubert TT. Hepatobiliary system in sickle cell disease. Gastroenterology. 1986 Jun;90(6):2013-21. Abstract
127. Seguier-Lipszyc E, de Lagausie P, Benkerrou M, et al. Elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 2001 Mar;15(3):301-4. Abstract
128. Bonatsos G, Birbas K, Toutouzas K, et al. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in adults with sickle cell disease. Surg Endosc. 2001 Aug;15(8):816-9. Abstract
129. Owusu-Ofori S, Remmington T. Splenectomy versus conservative management for acute sequestration crises in people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Nov 7;(11):CD003425.Full text Abstract
130. Oligbu G, Fallaha M, Pay L, et al. Risk of invasive pneumococcal disease in children with sickle cell disease in the era of conjugate vaccines: a systematic review of the literature. Br J Haematol. 2019 May;185(4):743-51.Full text Abstract
131. Claster S, Vichinsky EP. Managing sickle cell disease. BMJ. 2003 Nov 15;327(7424):1151-5.Full text Abstract
132. Leitão Guerra RL, Leitão Guerra CL, Bastos MG, et al. Sickle cell retinopathy: What we now understand using optical coherence tomography angiography. A systematic review. Blood Rev. 2019 May;35:32-42. Abstract
133. Rodgers GP, Roy MS, Noguchi CT, et al. Is there a role for selective vasodilation in the management of sickle cell disease? Blood. 1988 Mar;71(3):597-602.Full text Abstract
134. Myint KT, Sahoo S, Thein AW, et al. Laser therapy for retinopathy in sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Oct 9;(10):CD010790.Full text Abstract
135. Morgan AG. Sickle cell leg ulcers. Int J Dermatol. 1985 Dec;24(10):643-4. Abstract
136. Castro O, Gladwin MT. Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease: mechanisms, diagnosis, and management. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2005 Oct;19(5):881-96. Abstract
137. Klings ES, Machado RF, Barst RJ, et al.; American Thoracic Society Ad Hoc Committee on Pulmonary Hypertension of Sickle Cell Disease. An official American Thoracic Society clinical practice guideline: diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of pulmonary hypertension of sickle cell disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014 Mar 15;189(6):727-40. Abstract
138. Barst RJ, Rubin LJ, Long WA, et al. A comparison of continuous intravenous epoprostenol (prostacyclin) with conventional therapy for primary pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med. 1996 Feb 1;334(5):296-301.Full text Abstract
139. McLaughlin VV, Genthner DE, Panella MM, et al. Compassionate use of continuous prostacyclin in the management of secondary pulmonary hypertension: a case series. Ann Intern Med. 1999 May 4;130(9):740-3. Abstract
140. Machado RF, Martyr S, Kato GJ, et al. Sildenafil therapy in patients with sickle cell disease and pulmonary hypertension. Br J Haematol. 2005 Aug;130(3):445-53.Full text Abstract
141. Olaosebikan R, Ernest K, Bojang K, et al. A randomized trial to compare the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of 3 antimalarial regimens for the prevention of malaria in Nigerian patients with sickle cell disease. J Infect Dis. 2015 Aug 15;212(4):617-25.Full text Abstract
142. Mantadakis E, Cavender JD, Rogers ZR, et al. Prevalence of priapism in children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1999 Nov-Dec;21(6):518-22. Abstract
143. Arduini GAO, Trovó de Marqui AB. Prevalence and characteristics of priapism in sickle cell disease. Hemoglobin. 2018 Mar;42(2):73-7. Abstract
144. Chinegwundoh FI, Smith S, Anie KA. Treatments for priapism in boys and men with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Apr 6;(4):CD004198.Full text Abstract
145. Phebus CK, Gloninger MF, Maciak BJ. Growth patterns by age and sex in children with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr. 1984 Jul;105(1):28-33. Abstract
146. Fung EB, Harmatz PR, Milet M, et al. Disparity in the management of iron overload between patients with sickle cell disease and thalassemia who received transfusions. Transfusion. 2008 Sep;48(9):1971-80. Abstract
147. Kwiatkowski JL, Hamdy M, El-Beshlawy A, et al. Deferiprone vs deferoxamine for transfusional iron overload in SCD and other anemias: a randomized, open-label noninferiority study. Blood Adv. 2022 Feb 22;6(4):1243-54.Full text Abstract
148. Meerpohl JJ, Schell LK, Rücker G, et al. Deferasirox for managing transfusional iron overload in people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 May 27;(5):CD007477.Full text Abstract
149. Sridharan K, Sivaramakrishnan G. Efficacy and safety of iron chelators in thalassemia and sickle cell disease: a multiple treatment comparison network meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Jun;11(6):641-50. Abstract
150. Nelson DA, Deuster PA, Carter R 3rd, et al. Sickle cell trait, rhabdomyolysis, and mortality among U.S. Army Soldiers. N Engl J Med. 2016 Aug 4;375(5):435-42.Full text Abstract
151. World Health Organization. Medical eligibility for contraceptive use. 5th ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.Full text
152. Wethers DL. Sickle cell disease in childhood: part I. Laboratory diagnosis, pathophysiology and health maintenance. Am Fam Physician. 2000 Sep 1;62(5):1013-20, 1027-8.Full text Abstract
153. Lottenberg R, Hassell KL. An evidence-based approach to the treatment of adults with sickle cell disease. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2005:58-65.Full text Abstract
154. Haddad LB, Curtis KM, Legardy-Williams JK, et al. Contraception for individuals with sickle cell disease: a systematic review of the literature. Contraception. 2012 Jun;85(6):527-37. Abstract
155. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza (flu): summary: 'prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) - United States, 2023-24'. Aug 2023 [internet publication].Full text
Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer