Acute appendicitis

References

Key articles

Di Saverio S, Podda M, De Simone B, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis: 2020 update of the WSES Jerusalem guidelines. World J Emerg Surg. 2020 Apr 15;15(1):27.Full text  Abstract

American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: right lower quadrant pain - suspected appendicitis. 2022 [internet publication].Full text

Sartelli M, Chichom-Mefire A, Labricciosa FM, et al. The management of intra-abdominal infections from a global perspective: 2017 WSES guidelines for management of intra-abdominal infections. World J Emerg Surg. 2017 Jul 10;12:29.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

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29. Alvarado A. A practical score for the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Ann Emerg Med. 1986 May;15(5):557-64. Abstract

30. Kularatna M, Lauti M, Haran C, et al. Clinical prediction rules for appendicitis in adults: which is best? World J Surg. 2017 Jul;41(7):1769-81. Abstract

31. Frountzas M, Stergios K, Kopsini D, et al. Alvarado or RIPASA score for diagnosis of acute appendicitis? A meta-analysis of randomized trials. Int J Surg. 2018 Aug;56:307-14. Abstract

32. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: right lower quadrant pain - suspected appendicitis. 2022 [internet publication].Full text

33. Basaran A, Basaran M. Diagnosis of acute appendicitis during pregnancy: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2009 Jul;64(7):481-8; quiz 499. Abstract

34. Baird DLH, Simillis C, Kontovounisios C, et al. Acute appendicitis. BMJ. 2017 Apr 19;357:j1703.Full text  Abstract

35. Howell JM, Eddy OL, Lukens TW, et al; American College of Emergency Physicians. Clinical policy: critical issues in the evaluation and management of emergency department patients with suspected appendicitis. Ann Emerg Med. 2010 Jan;55(1):71-116.Full text  Abstract

36. Lewis SR, Mahony PJ, Simpson J. Appendicitis. BMJ. 2011 Oct 6;343:d5976. Abstract

37. Petroianu A. Diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Int J Surg. 2012;10(3):115-9.Full text  Abstract

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43. Andersson RE. Meta-analysis of the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Br J Surg. 2004 Jan;91(1):28-37. Abstract

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46. Carstens AK, Fensby L, Penninga L. Nonoperative treatment of appendicitis during pregnancy in a remote area. AJP Rep. 2018 Jan;8(1):e37-e38.Full text  Abstract

47. Bachur RG, Callahan MJ, Monuteaux MC, et al. Integration of ultrasound findings and a clinical score in the diagnostic evaluation of pediatric appendicitis. J Pediatr. 2015 May;166(5):1134-9. Abstract

48. Fox JC, Solley M, Zlidenny A, et al. Bedside ultrasound for appendicitis. Acad Emerg Med. 2005;12:76.

49. Terasawa T, Blackmore CC, Bent S, et al. Systematic review: computed tomography and ultrasonography to detect acute appendicitis in adults and adolescents. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Oct 5;141(7):537-46. Abstract

50. Dahabreh IJ, Adam GP, Halladay CW, et al. Diagnosis of right lower quadrant pain and suspected acute appendicitis. In: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US). AHRQ Comparative effectiveness reviews report no. 15(16)-EHC025-EF. 2015. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US).Full text  Abstract

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52. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: acute nonlocalized abdominal pain. 2018 [internet publication].Full text

53. Musunuru S, Chen H, Rikkers LF, et al. Computed tomography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: definitive or detrimental? J Gastrointest Surg. 2007 Nov;11(11):1417-21; discussion 1421-2. Abstract

54. Chiu YH, Chen JD, Wang SH, et al. Whether intravenous contrast is necessary for CT diagnosis of acute appendicitis in adult ED patients? Acad Radiol. 2013 Jan;20(1):73-8.Full text  Abstract

55. Hlibczuk V, Dattaro JA, Jin Z, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of noncontrast computed tomography for appendicitis in adults: a systematic review. Ann Emerg Med. 2010 Jan;55(1):51-9.e1. Abstract

56. Snyder MJ, Guthrie M, Cagle S. Acute appendicitis: Efficient diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Jul 1;98(1):25-33.Full text  Abstract

57. Eng KA, Abadeh A, Ligocki C, et al. Acute appendicitis: a meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of US, CT, and MRI as second-line imaging tests after an initial US. Radiology. 2018 Sep;288(3):717-27.Full text  Abstract

58. Zhang H, Liao M, Chen J, et al. Ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging - which is preferred for acute appendicitis in children? A Meta-analysis. Pediatr Radiol. 2017 Feb;47(2):186-96. Abstract

59. Choi D, Park H, Lee YR, et al. The most useful finding for the diagnosing acute appendicitis on contrast-enhanced helical CT. Acta Radiol. 2003 Nov;44(6):574-82. Abstract

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62. Sammalkorpi HE, Mentula P, Savolainen H, et al. The introduction of adult appendicitis score reduced negative appendectomy rate. Scand J Surg. 2017 Sep;106(3):196-201.Full text  Abstract

63. Sammalkorpi HE, Mentula P, Leppäniemi A. A new adult appendicitis score improves diagnostic accuracy of acute appendicitis--a prospective study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2014 Jun 26;14:114.Full text  Abstract

64. Andersson M, Andersson RE. The appendicitis inflammatory response score: a tool for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis that outperforms the Alvarado score. World J Surg. 2008 Aug;32(8):1843-9. Abstract

65. Chong CF, Adi MI, Thien A, et al. Development of the RIPASA score: a new appendicitis scoring system for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Singapore Med J. 2010 Mar;51(3):220-5.Full text  Abstract

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70. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: fever without source or unknown origin - child. 2015 [internet publication].Full text

71. Georgiou R, Eaton S, Stanton MP, et al. Efficacy and safety of nonoperative treatment for acute appendicitis: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2017 Mar;139(3). Abstract

72. Gorter RR, The SML, Gorter-Stam MAW, et al. Systematic review of nonoperative versus operative treatment of uncomplicated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg. 2017 Aug;52(8):1219-27. Abstract

73. Podda M, Cillara N, Di Saverio S, et al. Antibiotics-first strategy for uncomplicated acute appendicitis in adults is associated with increased rates of peritonitis at surgery. A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing appendectomy and non-operative management with antibiotics. Surgeon. 2017 Oct;15(5):303-14. Abstract

74. Kessler U, Mosbahi S, Walker B, et al. Conservative treatment versus surgery for uncomplicated appendicitis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child. 2017 Dec;102(12):1118-24. Abstract

75. Harnoss JC, Zelienka I, Probst P, et al. Antibiotics versus surgical therapy for uncomplicated appendicitis: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials (PROSPERO 2015: CRD42015016882). Ann Surg. 2017 May;265(5):889-900. Abstract

76. Salminen P, Tuominen R, Paajanen H, et al. Five-year follow-up of antibiotic therapy for uncomplicated acute appendicitis in the APPAC randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018 Sep 25;320(12):1259-65.Full text  Abstract

77. Rollins KE, Varadhan KK, Neal KR, et al. Antibiotics versus appendicectomy for the treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: an updated meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. World J Surg. 2016 Oct;40(10):2305-18. Abstract

78. Sakran JV, Mylonas KS, Gryparis A, et al. Operation versus antibiotics--The "appendicitis conundrum" continues: A meta-analysis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017 Jun;82(6):1129-37. Abstract

79. CODA Collaborative., Flum DR, Davidson GH, et al. A randomized trial comparing antibiotics with appendectomy for appendicitis. N Engl J Med. 2020 Nov 12;383(20):1907-1919.Full text  Abstract

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82. Mason RJ. Surgery for appendicitis: is it necessary? Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2008 Aug;9(4):481-8. Abstract

83. Deakin DE, Ahmed I. Interval appendicectomy after resolution of adult inflammatory appendix mass - is it necessary? Surgeon. 2007 Feb;5(1):45-50. Abstract

84. Andersson RE, Petzold MG. Nonsurgical treatment of appendiceal abscess or phlegmon: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg. 2007 Nov;246(5):741-8. Abstract

85. Rushing A, Bugaev N, Jones C, et al. Management of acute appendicitis in adults: a practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2019 Jul;87(1):214-24. Abstract

86. Fugazzola P, Coccolini F, Tomasoni M, et al. Early appendectomy vs. conservative management in complicated acute appendicitis in children: a meta-analysis. J Pediatr Surg. 2019 Nov;54(11):2234-41. Abstract

87. Vaos G, Dimopoulou A, Gkioka E, et al. Immediate surgery or conservative treatment for complicated acute appendicitis in children? A meta-analysis. J Pediatr Surg. 2019 Jul;54(7):1365-71. Abstract

88. Jaschinski T, Mosch CG, Eikermann M, et al. Laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Nov 28;(11):CD001546.Full text  Abstract

89. Wei HB, Huang JL, Zheng ZH, et al. Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: a prospective randomized comparison. Surg Endosc. 2010 Feb;24(2):266-9. Abstract

90. Yau KK, Siu WT, Tang CN, et al. Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy for complicated appendicitis. J Am Coll Surg. 2007 Jul;205(1):60-5. Abstract

91. Woodham BL, Cox MR, Eslick GD. Evidence to support the use of laparoscopic over open appendicectomy for obese individuals: a meta-analysis. Surg Endosc. 2012 Sep;26(9):2566-70. Abstract

92. Katkhouda N, Mason RJ, Towfigh S, et al. Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: a prospective randomized double-blind study. Ann Surg. 2005 Sep;242(3):439-48; discussion 448-50.Full text  Abstract

93. Billingham MJ, Basterfield SJ. Pediatric surgical technique: laparoscopic or open approach? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Mar;20(2):73-7. Abstract

94. Zhang S, Du T, Jiang X, et al. Laparoscopic appendectomy in children with perforated appendicitis: a meta-analysis. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2017 Aug;27(4):262-66. Abstract

95. Yu MC, Feng YJ, Wang W, et al. Is laparoscopic appendectomy feasible for complicated appendicitis ?A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg. 2017 Apr;40:187-197.Full text  Abstract

96. Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, et al. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 23;(1):CD007798.Full text  Abstract

97. Lee SH, Lee JY, Choi YY, et al. Laparoscopic appendectomy versus open appendectomy for suspected appendicitis during pregnancy: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis. BMC Surg. 2019 Apr 25;19(1):41.Full text  Abstract

98. Sartelli M, Chichom-Mefire A, Labricciosa FM, et al. The management of intra-abdominal infections from a global perspective: 2017 WSES guidelines for management of intra-abdominal infections. World J Emerg Surg. 2017 Jul 10;12:29.Full text  Abstract

99. Trejo-Ávila ME, Romero-Loera S, Cárdenas-Lailson E, et al. Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol allows ambulatory laparoscopic appendectomy in uncomplicated acute appendicitis: a prospective, randomized trial. Surg Endosc. 2019 Feb;33(2):429-36. Abstract

100. Lintula H, Kokki H, Vanamo K, et al. Laparoscopy in children with complicated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg. 2002 Sep;37(9):1317-20. Abstract

101. Di Saverio S, Birindelli A, Kelly MD, et al. WSES Jerusalem guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis. World J Emerg Surg. 2016 Jul 18;11:34.Full text  Abstract

102. Garba ES, Ahmed A. Management of appendiceal mass. Ann Afr Med. 2008 Dec;7(4):200-4.Full text  Abstract

103. Solomkin J, Evans D, Slepavicius A, et al. Assessing the efficacy and safety of eravacycline vs ertapenem in complicated intra-abdominal infections in the investigating gram-negative infections treated with eravacycline (IGNITE 1) trial: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg. 2017 Mar 1;152(3):224-32.Full text  Abstract

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105. Di Saverio S, Podda M, De Simone B, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis: 2020 update of the WSES Jerusalem guidelines. World J Emerg Surg. 2020 Apr 15;15(1):27.Full text  Abstract

106. Liberman MA, Greason KL, Frame S, et al. Single-dose cefotetan or cefoxitin versus multiple-dose cefoxitin as prophylaxis in patients undergoing appendectomy for acute nonperforated appendicitis. J Am Coll Surg. 1995 Jan;180(1):77-80. Abstract

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