小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 前房积血
- 瘀斑
- 严重眼痛
- 视力模糊
- 角膜擦伤
- 角膜水肿
- 结膜下出血
- 角膜和结膜撕裂伤
- 点状上皮糜烂
- 视力丧失
其他诊断因素
- 流泪增多
- 结膜水肿
- 结膜充血
- 角膜上皮缺损/擦伤
- 开放性眼外伤
- 眼睑烧伤
- 畏光
- 复视
- 瞳孔缩小
- 角膜基质混浊
- 虹膜根部离断
- 结膜异物
- 角膜异物
- 后弹力层撕裂
- 角巩膜裂伤
- 持续性头痛
- 意识丧失
- 耳或鼻流出血或清亮液体
- 单眼或双眼无法移动
危险因素
- 年龄 18-45 岁
- 男性
- 没有带防护眼镜
- 工作场所伤害
- 摔倒
- 烟花
- 暴露于紫外线
- 既往眼部手术史
- 酒精类手消毒制剂
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 头部和眼眶的 CT 扫描
需考虑的检查
- X 线平片
- B 超检查
- 超声生物显微镜检查
- 头颅磁共振成像
- 光学相干断层扫描
- 荧光素血管造影
- 眼底自发荧光
- 尿液药物筛查
- 镰状细胞遗传性状筛查
治疗流程
无异物的表浅伤
前房积血
角膜擦伤
开放性眼外伤
复发性角膜糜烂或愈合不良
撰稿人
作者
Fasika Woreta, MD, MPH
Associate Professor of Ophthalmology
Residency Program Director
Director, Eye Trauma Center
Wilmer Eye Institute
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Baltimore
MD
利益声明
FW declares that she has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Fasika Woreta wishes to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ron Adelman and Dr Elena Raluca Raducu, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
ERR declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Yewlin E. Chee, MD
Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology
University of Washington
Seattle
WA
利益声明
YE declares that she has no competing interests.
Andrew W. Eller, MD
Professor of Ophthalmology
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh
PA
利益声明
AE declares that he has no competing interests.
Saloni Kapoor, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine
UPMC Mercy Hospital
Pittsburgh
PA
利益声明
SK declares that she has no competing interests.
Seanna Grob, MD, MAS
Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology
Oculoplastic Surgeon
University of California San Francisco
San Francisco
CA
利益声明
SG has written a book on ocular trauma.
指南
- 验光师学会：临床管理指南
- RCH 临床实践指南：急性眼损伤
更多 指南
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