小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素（通常无症状）
其他诊断因素
- 多尿
- 多饮
- 既往巨大儿分娩史
危险因素
- BMI 升高
- 既往妊娠糖尿病
- 既往巨大儿分娩史
- 糖尿病家族史
- 非白人血统
- 高龄孕妇（＞ 40 岁）
- 多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS)
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)
需考虑的检查
- 随机血糖（血浆）
- HbA1c
- 空腹血糖（FPG）
治疗流程
空腹血糖 ≥7 mmol/L（如果有大胎儿/羊水过多，则为 6-6.9 mmol/L）
空腹血糖 <7mmol/L，无大胎儿/羊水过多
产程
撰稿人
作者
Eleanor Scott, BM, BS, MD, FRCP
Professor of Medicine (Diabetes and Maternal Health)
Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine
Leeds Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology
Leeds
UK
利益声明
ES has received honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care and Lilly Diabetes for giving talks, workshops, and advisory panels. ES has received research grant funding from MRC, NIHR, and Diabetes UK.
Rebecca Spencer, MBChB, BSc, MRCOG, PhD
NIHR Clinical Lecturer in Obstetrics and Gynaecology
University of Leeds
Leeds
UK
利益声明
None disclosed.
鸣谢
Dr Scott and Dr Spencer would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ellen W. Seely, Dr Chloe Zera, Dr Jeremy Soule and Dr Leonard E. Egede, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
EWS and CZ declare that they have no competing interests. JS has undertaken research support and speakers' bureau activity for Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Astra Zeneca, and Sanofi-Aventis. LEE is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
同行评议者
Helen Murphy, MBBch, BAO, FRACP, MD
Clinical Professor in Medicine (Diabetes and Antenatal Care)
University of East Anglia
Norwich
UK
利益声明
HM sits on the Medtronic (insulin pump and CGM manufacturer) European scientific advisory board. HM has received research support (CGM sensors and insulin pumps) at reduced cost from Medtronic, Dexcom, and Johnson & Johnson. MH has contributed to educational events sponsored by NovoNordisk, Medtronic, Dexcom, and Abbott Diabetes Care.
鉴别诊断
- 1 型糖尿病
- 2 型糖尿病
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 糖尿病医学诊疗标准——2022 年
- 妊娠期糖尿病：从孕前到产后的管理
更多 指南患者教育信息
发生在妊娠期的糖尿病（妊娠糖尿病）
糖尿病：如何保持健康？
更多 患者教育信息
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