Eustachian tube dysfunction

Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) results in negative pressure in the middle ear cleft.

EDT is closely related to the development of chronic otitis media and is often accompanied by chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal cavity.

Often accompanied by chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal cavity.

Diagnosis may be confirmed by tympanometry and nasal endoscopy.

Treatment involves supportive care and management of contributing disease factors. Some patients may benefit from a trial of intranasal corticosteroids. Decongestants and antihistamines are ineffective in the treatment of ETD.

Surgery is appropriate if the Eustachian tube is obstructed or in the case of trauma. Pressure equalisation tube insertion may be considered if there are chronic otological complications. Balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube is an emerging procedure that may be an option for some patients with chronic ETD refractory to medical treatment.

Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is the inability of the Eustachian tube to properly regulate air pressure inside the middle ear and/or effectively drain secretions from the middle ear cleft. Occasionally, dysfunction may involve reflux of nasopharyngeal secretions in the middle ear. These malfunctions may be due to a variety of pathophysiological changes that in some way impede the normal opening and closing of the Eustachian tube.[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: A normal left Eustachian tube as seen endoscopically from the posterior nasal cavity.From the collection of Edward D. McCoul; used with permission [Citation ends].