垂体腺瘤

Molitch ME. Diagnosis and treatment of pituitary adenomas: a review. JAMA. 2017 Feb 7;317(5):516-24. 摘要

Mercado M, Melgar V, Salame L, et al. Clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas: pathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. [in spa]. Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2017 Aug-Sep;64(7):384-95. 摘要

Aghi MK, Chen CC, Fleseriu M, et al. Congress of neurological surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines on the management of patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: executive summary. Neurosurgery. 2016 Oct;79(4):521-3.全文  摘要

Esposito D, Olsson DS, Ragnarsson O, et al. Non-functioning pituitary adenomas: indications for pituitary surgery and post-surgical management. Pituitary. 2019 Aug;22(4):422-34.全文  摘要

Minniti G, Flickinger J. The risk/benefit ratio of radiotherapy in pituitary tumors. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Apr;33(2):101269. 摘要

1. Melmed S. Pituitary-Tumor Endocrinopathies. N Engl J Med. 2020 Mar 5;382(10):937-50. 摘要

2. WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. World Health Organization classification of tumours of the central nervous system. 5th ed. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2021.

3. Lloyd RV, Osamura RY, Klöppel G, et al, eds. World Health Organization classification of tumours of endocrine organs. 4th ed. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2017:39-40.

4. Louis DN, Perry A, Wesseling P, et al. The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Neuro Oncol. 2021 Aug 2;23(8):1231-51.全文  摘要

5. Lopes MBS. World Health Ozganization 2017 classification of pituitary tumors. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2020 Sep;49(3):375-86. 摘要

6. Molitch ME. Diagnosis and treatment of pituitary adenomas: a review. JAMA. 2017 Feb 7;317(5):516-24. 摘要

7. Manojlovic-Gacic E, Engström BE, Casar-Borota O. Histopathological classification of non-functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Pituitary. 2018 Apr;21(2):119-129.全文  摘要

8. Ntali G, Wass JA. Epidemiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis of non-functioning pituitary adenomas. Pituitary. 2018 Apr;21(2):111-118. 摘要

9. Solari D, Pivonello R, Caggiano C, et al. Pituitary adenomas: what are the key features? What are the current treatments? Where is the future taking us? World Neurosurg. 2019 Jul;127:695-709. 摘要

10. Araujo-Castro M, Berrocal VR, Pascual-Corrales E. Pituitary tumors: epidemiology and clinical presentation spectrum. Hormones (Athens). 2020 Jun;19(2):145-55. 摘要

11. Barkhoudarian G, Kelly DF. Pituitary apoplexy. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2019 Oct;30(4):457-63. 摘要

12. Baldeweg SE, Vanderpump M, Drake W, et al. Society For Endocrinology endocrine emergency guidance: emergency management of pituitary apoplexy in adult patients. Endor Connect. 2016 Sep;5(5):G12-5.全文  摘要

13. Hong CS, Gorrepati R, Kundishora AJ, et al. Case report: suprasellar pituitary adenoma presenting with temporal lobe seizures. Front Surg. 2020;7:598138.全文  摘要

14. Guaraldi F, Storr HL, Ghizzoni L, et al. Paediatric pituitary adenomas: a decade of change. Horm Res Paediatr. 2014;81(3):145-55.全文  摘要

15. Ostrom QT, Cioffi G, Waite K, et al. CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2014-2018. Neuro Oncol. 2021 Oct 5;23(12 suppl 2):iii1-105.全文  摘要

16. Daly AF, Beckers A. The epidemiology of pituitary adenomas. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2020 Sep;49(3):347-55. 摘要

17. Miller KD, Ostrom QT, Kruchko C, et al. Brain and other central nervous system tumor statistics, 2021. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021 Sep;71(5):381-406.全文  摘要

18. Dekkers OM, Pereira AM, Romijn JA, et al. Treatment and follow-up of clinically nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Oct;93(10):3717-26. 摘要

19. Nielsen EH, Lindholm J, Laurberg P, et al. Nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma: incidence, causes of death and quality of life in relation to pituitary function. Pituitary. 2007;10(1):67-73. 摘要

20. Melmed S. Pathogenesis of pituitary tumors. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2011 May;7(5):257-66.全文  摘要

21. Faltermeier CM, Magill ST, Blevins LS Jr, et al. Molecular biology of pituitary adenomas. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2019 Oct;30(4):391-400. 摘要

22. Shimon I, Melmed S. Genetic basis of endocrine disease: pituitary tumor pathogenesis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Jun;82(6):1675-81.全文  摘要

23. Simpson DJ, Bicknell JE, McNicol AM, et al. Hypermethylation of the p16/CDKN2A/MTSI gene and loss of protein expression is associated with nonfunctional pituitary adenomas but not somatotrophinomas. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 1999 Apr;24(4):328-36. 摘要

24. Ruebel KH, Jin L, Zhang S, et al. Inactivation of the p16 gene in human pituitary nonfunctioning tumors by hypermethylation is more common in null cell adenomas. Endocr Pathol. 2001 Fall;12(3):281-9. 摘要

25. Occhi G, Albiger N, Berlucchi S, et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in the human pituitary gland: expression and splicing pattern in adenomas versus normal pituitary. J Neuroendocrinol. 2007 Jul;19(7):552-9. 摘要

26. Emery MN, Leontiou C, Bonner SE, et al. PPAR-gamma expression in pituitary tumours and the functional activity of the glitazones: evidence that any anti-proliferative effect of the glitazones is independent of the PPAR-gamma receptor. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2006 Sep;65(3):389-95. 摘要

27. Heaney AP, Fernando M, Melmed S. PPAR-gamma receptor ligands: novel therapy for pituitary adenomas. J Clin Invest. 2003 May;111(9):1381-8.全文  摘要

28. European Medicines Agency. Questions and answers on the suspension of rosiglitazone-containing medicines (Avandia, Avandamet and Avaglim). Sep 2010 [internet publication].全文

29. Zhang X, Horwitz GA, Heaney AP, et al. Pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) expression in pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Feb;84(2):761-7. 摘要

30. McCabe CJ, Khaira JS, Boelaert K, et al. Expression of pituitary tumour transforming gene (PTTG) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in human pituitary adenomas: relationships to clinical tumour behaviour. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2003 Feb;58(2):141-50. 摘要

31. Levy A. Molecular and trophic mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am. 2008 Mar;37(1):23-50. 摘要

32. Daly AF, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Ciccarelli A, et al. Clinical characterization of familial isolated pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Sep;91(9):3316-23. 摘要

33. Beckers A, Daly AF. The clinical, pathological, and genetic features of familial isolated pituitary adenomas. Eur J Endocrinol. 2007 Oct;157(4):371-82.全文  摘要

34. Melmed S, Kaiser UB, Lopes MB, et al. Clinical biology of the pituitary adenoma. Endocr Rev. 2022 Nov 25;43(6):1003-37.全文  摘要

35. Rizzoli P, Iuliano S, Weizenbaum E, et al. Headache in patients with pituitary lesions: a longitudinal cohort study. Neurosurgery. 2016 Mar;78(3):316-23. 摘要

36. Freda PU, Bruce JN, Khandji AG, et al. Presenting features in 269 patients with clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas enrolled in a prospective study. J Endocr Soc. 2020 Apr 1;4(4):bvaa021.全文  摘要

37. Mercado M, Melgar V, Salame L, et al. Clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas: pathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. [in spa]. Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2017 Aug-Sep;64(7):384-95. 摘要

38. Fernández-Balsells MM, Murad MH, Barwise A, et al. Natural history of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas and incidentalomas: a systematic review and metaanalysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Apr;96(4):905-12. 摘要

39. Rogers A, Karavitaki N, Wass JA. Diagnosis and management of prolactinomas and non-functioning pituitary adenomas. BMJ. 2014 Sep 10;349:g5390. 摘要

40. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: neuroendocrine imaging. 2018 [internet publication].全文

41. Melmed S, Casanueva FF, Hoffman AR, et al. Endocrine Society. Diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Feb;96(2):273-88.全文  摘要

42. Biller BM, Samuels MH, Zagar A, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of six tests for the diagnosis of adult GH deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 May;87(5):2067-79. 摘要

43. Yuen KC, Biller BM, Molitch ME, et al. Clinical review: Is lack of recombinant growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone in the United States a setback or time to consider glucagon testing for adult GH deficiency? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Aug;94(8):2702-7. 摘要

44. Garcia JM, Biller BMK, Korbonits M, et al. Macimorelin as a diagnostic test for adult GH deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Aug 1;103(8):3083-93.全文  摘要

45. Javorsky BR, Raff H, Carroll TB, et al. New cutoffs for the biochemical diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency after ACTH stimulation using specific cortisol assays. J Endocr Soc. 2021 Apr 1;5(4):bvab022.全文  摘要

46. Ospina NS, Al Nofal A, Bancos I, et al. ACTH Stimulation tests for the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Feb;101(2):427-34.全文  摘要

47. Gordon DL, Emanuele MA. Hot flashes in patients with hypogonadism and low serum gonadotropin levels. Endocr Pract. 2003 Mar-Apr;9(2):119-23. 摘要

48. Bleicken B, Hahner S, Ventz M, et al. Delayed diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency is common: a cross-sectional study in 216 patients. Am J Med Sci. 2010 Jun;339(6):525-31. 摘要

49. Pineyro MM, Makdissi A, Faiman C, et al. Poor correlation of serum alpha-subunit concentration and magnetic resonance imaging following pituitary surgery in patients with nonfunctional pituitary macroadenomas. Endocr Pract. 2008 May-Jun;14(4):452-7. 摘要

50. Fleseriu M, Lee M, Pineyro MM, et al. Giant invasive pituitary prolactinoma with falsely low serum prolactin: the significance of 'hook effect'. J Neurooncol. 2006 Aug;79(1):41-3. 摘要

51. Gopan T, Toms SA, Prayson RA, et al. Symptomatic pituitary metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Pituitary. 2007;10(3):251-9. 摘要

52. Brandi ML, Gagel RF, Angeli A, et al. Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of MEN type 1 and type 2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Dec;86(12):5658-71. 摘要

53. Aghi MK, Chen CC, Fleseriu M, et al. Congress of neurological surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines on the management of patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: executive summary. Neurosurgery. 2016 Oct;79(4):521-3.全文  摘要

54. Esposito D, Olsson DS, Ragnarsson O, et al. Non-functioning pituitary adenomas: indications for pituitary surgery and post-surgical management. Pituitary. 2019 Aug;22(4):422-34.全文  摘要

55. Freda PU, Beckers AM, Katznelson L, et al. Pituitary incidentaloma: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:894-904. 摘要

56. Huang W, Molitch ME. Management of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFAs): observation. Pituitary. 2018 Apr;21(2):162-7. 摘要

57. Orija IB, Weil RJ, Hamrahian AH. Pituitary incidentaloma. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Feb;26(1):47-68. 摘要

58. Yavropoulou MP, Tsoli M, Barkas K, et al. The natural history and treatment of non-functioning pituitary adenomas (non-functioning PitNETs). Endocr Relat Cancer. 2020 Oct;27(10):R375-90.全文  摘要

59. Yu SY, Du Q, Yao SY, et al. Outcomes of endoscopic and microscopic transsphenoidal surgery on non-functioning pituitary adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cell Mol Med. 2018 Mar;22(3):2023-7.全文  摘要

60. Dekkers OM, Pereira AM, Roelfsema F, et al. Observation alone after transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 May;91(5):1796-801. 摘要

61. Butenschoen VM, Schwendinger N, von Werder A, et al. Visual acuity and its postoperative outcome after transsphenoidal adenoma resection. Neurosurg Rev. 2021 Aug;44(4):2245-51.全文  摘要

62. Ziu M, Dunn IF, Hess C, et al. Congress of Neurological Surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guideline on posttreatment follow-up evaluation of patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. Neurosurgery. 2016 Oct;79(4):E541-3.全文  摘要

63. Tahara S, Hattori Y, Suzuki K, et al. An overview of pituitary incidentalomas: diagnosis, clinical features, and management. Cancers (Basel). 2022 Sep 3;14(17):4324.全文  摘要

64. Losa M, Donofrio CA, Barzaghi R, et al. Presentation and surgical results of incidentally discovered non-functioning pituitary adenomas: evidence for a better outcome independently of other patients' characteristics. Eur J Endocrinol. 2013 Oct 21;169(6):735-42. 摘要

65. Minniti G, Flickinger J. The risk/benefit ratio of radiotherapy in pituitary tumors. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Apr;33(2):101269. 摘要

66. Loeffler JS, Shih HA. Radiation therapy in the management of pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jul;96(7):1992-2003. 摘要

67. Gheorghiu ML, Fleseriu M. Stereotactic radiation therapy in pituitary adenomas, is it better than conventional radiation therapy? Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). 2017 Oct-Dec;13(4):476-90.全文  摘要

68. Amichetti M, Amelio D, Minniti G. Radiosurgery with photons or protons for benign and malignant tumours of the skull base: a review. Radiat Oncol. 2012 Dec 14;7:210.全文  摘要

69. Fleseriu M, Hashim IA, Karavitaki N, et al. Hormonal replacement in hypopituitarism in adults: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Nov;101(11):3888-921.全文  摘要

70. Zueger T, Kirchner P, Herren C, et al. Glucocorticoid replacement and mortality in patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Oct;97(10):E1938-42. 摘要

71. Hammarstrand C, Ragnarsson O, Hallén T, et al. Higher glucocorticoid replacement doses are associated with increased mortality in patients with pituitary adenoma. Eur J Endocrinol. 2017 Sep;177(3):251-6. 摘要

72. Greenman Y, Cooper O, Yaish I, et al. Treatment of clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas with dopamine agonists. Eur J Endocrinol. 2016 Jul;175(1):63-72. 摘要

73. Greenman Y. Management of endocrine disease: present and future perspectives for medical therapy of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. Eur J Endocrinol. 2017 Sep;177(3):R113-24. 摘要

74. Wexler TL, Page-Wilson G. Dopamine agonists for the treatment of pituitary tumours: from ergot extracts to next generation therapies. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2023 Apr;89(4):1304-17. 摘要

75. Giraldi EA, Ioachimescu AG. The role of dopamine agonists in pituitary adenomas. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2020 Sep;49(3):453-74. 摘要

76. Botelho MS, Franzini ÍA, Nunes-Nogueira VDS, et al. Treatment of non-functioning pituitary adenoma with cabergoline: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pituitary. 2022 Dec;25(6):810-8. 摘要

77. Tran T, Brophy JM, Suissa S, et al. Risks of cardiac valve regurgitation and heart failure associated with ergot- and non-ergot-derived dopamine agonist use in patients with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review of observational studies. CNS Drugs. 2015 Dec;29(12):985-98. 摘要

78. Stiles CE, Lloyd G, Bhattacharyya S, et al. Incidence of cabergoline-associated valvulopathy in primary care patients with prolactinoma using hard cardiac endpoints. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jan 23;106 (2):711-20.全文  摘要

79. McCormack A, Dekkers OM, Petersenn S, et al. Treatment of aggressive pituitary tumours and carcinomas: results of a European Society of Endocrinology (ESE) survey 2016. Eur J Endocrinol. 2018 Mar;178(3):265-76. 摘要

80. Park P, Chandler WF, Barkan AL, et al. The role of radiation therapy after surgical resection of nonfunctional pituitary macroadenomas. Neurosurgery. 2004 Jul;55(1):100-06. 摘要

81. Tampourlou M, Fountas A, Ntali G, et al. Mortality in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma. Pituitary. 2018 Apr;21(2):203-7.全文  摘要

82. Robenshtok E, Benbassat CA, Hirsch D, et al. Clinical course and outcome of non-functioning pituitary adenomas in the elderly compared with younger age groups. Endocr Pract. 2014 Feb;20(2):159-64. 摘要

83. Caputo C, Sutherland T, Farish S, et al. Gender differences in presentation and outcome of nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2013 Apr;78(4):564-70. 摘要

84. Joustra SD, Claessen KM, Dekkers OM, et al. High prevalence of metabolic syndrome features in patients previously treated for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 7;9(3):e90602.全文  摘要

85. Chanson P, Salenave S. Diagnosis and treatment of pituitary adenomas. Minerva Endocrinol. 2004 Dec;29(4):241-75. 摘要

86. Andela CD, Scharloo M, Pereira AM, et al. Quality of life (QoL) impairments in patients with a pituitary adenoma: a systematic review of QoL studies. Pituitary. 2015 Oct;18(5):752-76. 摘要

87. Capatina C, Christodoulides C, Fernandez A, et al. Current treatment protocols can offer a normal or near-normal quality of life in the majority of patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2013 Jan;78(1):86-93. 摘要

88. Li A, Liu W, Cao P, et al. Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery in the Treatment of Pituitary Adenoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg. 2017 May;101:236-246.全文  摘要

89. Laws ER Jr, Thapar K. Pituitary surgery. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1999 Mar;28(1):119-31. 摘要

90. Jackson IM, Noren G. Role of gamma knife therapy in the management of pituitary tumors. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1999 Mar;28(1):133-42. 摘要

91. Chanson P, Raverot G, Castinetti F, et al. Management of clinically non-functioning pituitary adenoma. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2015 Jul;76(3):239-47.全文  摘要

92. Chen Y, Wang CD, Su ZP, et al. Natural history of postoperative nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroendocrinology. 2012;96(4):333-42. 摘要