Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- exposição e resposta ao trauma
- sintomas intrusivos
- sintomas de evitação
- alterações negativas nas cognições e humor
- alterações no despertar e reatividade
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- depressão
- abuso de álcool ou de substâncias
- ansiedade
Factores de riesgo
- acidente grave
- experiência ou testemunho de violência ou violência doméstica
- desastre natural
- ataque terrorista
- tortura
- exposição a combate
- lesão cerebral traumática
- morte súbita de ente querido
- abuso e agressão sexual
- vitimização pelo atacante
- trauma prévio
- estressores múltiplos significativos na vida
- apoio social baixo
- história de transtorno mental
- história de uso de álcool e drogas
- sexo feminino
- idade mais jovem
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- Checklist de transtorno do estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) para o DSM-5 (PCL-5)
- Questionário de Rastreamento de Trauma (TSQ)
- Escala de Diagnóstico Pós-Traumático (PDS-5)
- Questionário Internacional de Trauma (ITQ)
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- Escala de Transtorno do Estresse Pós-Traumático Administrada pelo Médico para o DSM-5 (CAPS-5)
- Entrevista da Escala de Sintomas de Transtorno do Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT) para DSM-5 (PSS-I-5)
- Entrevista Internacional de Trauma (ITI)
Algoritmo de tratamiento
mulheres não gestantes ou amamentando
gestantes ou lactantes
Colaboradores
Autores
Mathew Hoskins, MBBCh, MSc, MRCPsych
Consultant Psychiatrist
Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
Cardiff
Wales
Divulgaciones
MH was a Principal Investigator for a Phase 2 clinical trial of MDMA-assisted therapy in PTSD, sponsored by the Multidisciplinary Association of Psychedelic Studies; he has been reimbursed for training expenses. He is a co-founder of a medical cannabis private clinic in Wales and receives payment for consultations. MH is an author of references cited in this topic.
Catrin Lewis, BSc, PhD
Research Associate
National Centre for Mental Health
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences
School of Medicine
Cardiff University
Cardiff
Wales
Divulgaciones
CL is one of the originators of Spring, a digital guided self help programme for PTSD. CL is an author of references cited in this topic.
Agradecimientos
Dr Mathew Hoskins, and Dr Catrin Lewis would like to gratefully acknowledge Professor Stanley Zammit, Professor Neil P. Roberts, Professor Jonathan I. Bisson, and Dr Steve Wood, previous contributors to this topic.
Revisores por pares
Mort Rubinstein, MD
Deputy Associate Chief of Staff
Mental Health
VA New York Harbor Healthcare System
Clinical Associate Professor
New York University School of Medicine
New York
NY
Divulgaciones
MR declares that he has no competing interests.
Neil Greenberg, MD, MRCPsych
Surgeon Commander
Royal Navy
Defence Professor of Mental Health, Visiting Professor of Psychiatry, and Co-Director
Academic Centre for Defence Mental Health
King's College London
London
UK
Divulgaciones
NG has been principal investigator on studies with research funding greater than 6 figures USD. NG is a director of a company providing early intervention training for traumatic stress (the company does not provide PTSD treatment services).
Agradecimiento de los revisores por pares
Los temas de BMJ Best Practice se actualizan de forma continua de acuerdo con los desarrollos en la evidencia y en las guías. Los revisores por pares listados aquí han revisado el contenido al menos una vez durante la historia del tema.
Divulgaciones
Las afiliaciones y divulgaciones de los revisores por pares se refieren al momento de la revisión.
Referencias
Artículos principales
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.Texto completo
World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (ICD). 11th revision. 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
American Psychological Association. Clinical practice guideline for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. Feb 2025 [internet publication].Texto completo
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA/DOD clinical practice guidelines: management of posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo
Phoenix Australia. Australian guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute stress disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD. 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Post-traumatic stress disorder. Dec 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.

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