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Transtorno do estresse pós-traumático

Última revisão: 24 Nov 2025
Última atualização: 04 Jun 2024

Resumo

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • exposição e resposta ao trauma
  • sintomas intrusivos
  • sintomas de evitação
  • alterações negativas nas cognições e humor
  • alterações no despertar e reatividade
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • depressão
  • abuso de álcool ou de substâncias
  • ansiedade
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • acidente grave
  • testemunha de violência escolar ou doméstica
  • desastre natural
  • ataque terrorista
  • tortura
  • exposição a combate
  • lesão cerebral traumática
  • morte súbita de ente querido
  • ofensa grave
  • estupro
  • vitimização pelo atacante
  • trauma prévio
  • estressores múltiplos significativos na vida
  • apoio social baixo
  • história de transtorno mental
  • história de uso de álcool e drogas
  • sexo feminino
  • idade mais jovem
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • Checklist de TEPT para o DSM-5 (PCL-5)
  • Questionário de Rastreamento de Trauma (TSQ)
  • Escala de Diagnóstico Pós-Traumático (PDS-5)
  • Questionário Internacional de Trauma (ITQ)
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • Escala de TEPT Administrada pelo Clínico do DSM-5 (CAPS-5)
  • Entrevista da Escala de Sintomas de TEPT para DSM-5 (PSS-I-5)
  • Entrevista Internacional de Trauma (ITI)
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

En curso

mulheres não gestantes ou amamentando

gestantes ou lactantes

Colaboradores

Autores

Mathew Hoskins, MBBCh, MSc, MRCPsych

Consultant Psychiatrist

Cardiff and Vale University Health Board

Cardiff

Wales

Divulgaciones

MH is Principal Investigator for a Phase 2 clinical trial of MDMA-assisted therapy in PTSD, sponsored by the Multidisciplinary Association of Psychedelic Studies; he has been reimbursed for training expenses. He is a co-founder of a medical cannabis private clinic in Wales and receives payment for consultations. MH is an author of references cited in this topic.

Catrin Lewis, BSc, PhD

Research Associate

National Centre for Mental Health

Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences

School of Medicine

Cardiff University

Cardiff

Wales

Divulgaciones

CL is one of the originators of Spring, a digital guided self help programme for PTSD. CL is an author of references cited in this topic.

Agradecimientos

Dr Mathew Hoskins, and Dr Catrin Lewis would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Stanley Zammit, Dr Neil P. Roberts, Dr Jonathan I. Bisson, and Dr Steve Wood, previous contributors to this topic.

Revisores por pares

Mort Rubinstein, MD

Deputy Associate Chief of Staff

Mental Health

VA New York Harbor Healthcare System

Clinical Associate Professor

New York University School of Medicine

New York

NY

Divulgaciones

MR declares that he has no competing interests.

Neil Greenberg, MD, MRCPsych

Surgeon Commander

Royal Navy

Defence Professor of Mental Health, Visiting Professor of Psychiatry, and Co-Director

Academic Centre for Defence Mental Health

King's College London

London

UK

Divulgaciones

NG has been principal investigator on studies with research funding greater than 6 figures USD. NG is a director of a company providing early intervention training for traumatic stress (the company does not provide PTSD treatment services).

Agradecimiento de los revisores por pares

Los temas de BMJ Best Practice se actualizan de forma continua de acuerdo con los desarrollos en la evidencia y en las guías. Los revisores por pares listados aquí han revisado el contenido al menos una vez durante la historia del tema.

Divulgaciones

Las afiliaciones y divulgaciones de los revisores por pares se refieren al momento de la revisión.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.Texto completo

Phoenix Australia. Australian guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute stress disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD. 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Post-traumatic stress disorder. Dec 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

Benedek DM, Friedman MJ, Zatzick D, et al. Guideline watch (March 2009): Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. 2009 [internet publication].Texto completo

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
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