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Transtorno do estresse pós-traumático

Последний просмотренный: 23 Apr 2026
Last updated: 21 Jan 2026

Резюме

Определение

Анамнез и осмотр

Ключевые диагностические факторы

  • exposição e resposta ao trauma
  • sintomas intrusivos
  • sintomas de evitação
  • alterações negativas nas cognições e humor
  • alterações no despertar e reatividade
Полная информация

Другие диагностические факторы

  • depressão
  • abuso de álcool ou de substâncias
  • ansiedade
Полная информация

Факторы риска

  • acidente grave
  • experiência ou testemunho de violência ou violência doméstica
  • desastre natural
  • ataque terrorista
  • tortura
  • exposição a combate
  • lesão cerebral traumática
  • morte súbita de ente querido
  • abuso e agressão sexual
  • vitimização pelo atacante
  • trauma prévio
  • estressores múltiplos significativos na vida
  • apoio social baixo
  • história de transtorno mental
  • história de uso de álcool e drogas
  • sexo feminino
  • idade mais jovem
Полная информация

Диагностические исследования

Исследования, которые показаны в первую очередь

  • Checklist de transtorno do estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) para o DSM-5 (PCL-5)
  • Questionário de Rastreamento de Trauma (TSQ)
  • Escala de Diagnóstico Pós-Traumático (PDS-5)
  • Questionário Internacional de Trauma (ITQ)
Полная информация

Исследования, проведение которых нужно рассмотреть

  • Escala de Transtorno do Estresse Pós-Traumático Administrada pelo Médico para o DSM-5 (CAPS-5)
  • Entrevista da Escala de Sintomas de Transtorno do Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT) para DSM-5 (PSS-I-5)
  • Entrevista Internacional de Trauma (ITI)
Полная информация

Алгоритм лечения

ПРОДОЛЖЕНИЕ

mulheres não gestantes ou amamentando

gestantes ou lactantes

Составители

Авторы

Mathew Hoskins, MBBCh, MSc, MRCPsych

Consultant Psychiatrist

Cardiff and Vale University Health Board

Cardiff

Wales

Раскрытие информации

MH was a Principal Investigator for a Phase 2 clinical trial of MDMA-assisted therapy in PTSD, sponsored by the Multidisciplinary Association of Psychedelic Studies; he has been reimbursed for training expenses. He is a co-founder of a medical cannabis private clinic in Wales and receives payment for consultations. MH is an author of references cited in this topic.

Catrin Lewis, BSc, PhD

Research Associate

National Centre for Mental Health

Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences

School of Medicine

Cardiff University

Cardiff

Wales

Раскрытие информации

CL is one of the originators of Spring, a digital guided self help programme for PTSD. CL is an author of references cited in this topic.

Выражение благодарностей

Dr Mathew Hoskins, and Dr Catrin Lewis would like to gratefully acknowledge Professor Stanley Zammit, Professor Neil P. Roberts, Professor Jonathan I. Bisson, and Dr Steve Wood, previous contributors to this topic.

Рецензенты

Mort Rubinstein, MD

Deputy Associate Chief of Staff

Mental Health

VA New York Harbor Healthcare System

Clinical Associate Professor

New York University School of Medicine

New York

NY

Раскрытие информации

MR declares that he has no competing interests.

Neil Greenberg, MD, MRCPsych

Surgeon Commander

Royal Navy

Defence Professor of Mental Health, Visiting Professor of Psychiatry, and Co-Director

Academic Centre for Defence Mental Health

King's College London

London

UK

Раскрытие информации

NG has been principal investigator on studies with research funding greater than 6 figures USD. NG is a director of a company providing early intervention training for traumatic stress (the company does not provide PTSD treatment services).

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Список литературы

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Основные статьи

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.Полный текст

World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (ICD). 11th revision. 2025 [internet publication].Полный текст

American Psychological Association. Clinical practice guideline for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. Feb 2025 [internet publication].Полный текст

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. VA/DOD clinical practice guidelines: management of posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder 2023 [internet publication].Полный текст

Phoenix Australia. Australian guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute stress disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD. 2021 [internet publication].Полный текст

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Post-traumatic stress disorder. Dec 2018 [internet publication].Полный текст

Статьи, указанные как источники

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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