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Androgenetic alopecia

Última revisión: 16 Aug 2025
Última actualización: 19 May 2023

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • family history of baldness
  • gradual receding of frontal hairline, central, and crown (vertex)
  • diffuse thinning of the central scalp with preservation of frontotemporal hairline
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • family history of baldness
  • advancing age
  • polycystic ovary syndrome in women
  • white ethnicity
  • insulin resistance
  • prostate cancer
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • hair-pull test
  • thyroid function test
  • serum ferritin
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • CBC with differential
  • comprehensive metabolic panel
  • antinuclear antibodies
  • rapid plasma reagin
  • free testosterone
  • serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-sulfate
  • sex hormone-binding globulin
  • dermatoscopy/trichoscopy
  • scalp biopsy
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

En curso

men who opt for conservative management

men who opt for medical management

women who opt for conservative management

women who opt for medical management

failed medical treatment

Colaboradores

Autores

Carolyn Goh, MD

Associate Clinical Professor

Department of Medicine

Division of Dermatology

UCLA Medical Center

Los Angeles

CA

Divulgaciones

CG has spoken for the International Society of Hair Restoration Surgeons, the American Academy of Dermatology, the Pacific Dermatologic Association, the California Society of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, and has had manuscripts published in a variety of journals. CG has also participated in advisory boards for Pelage Pharmaceuticals and Pfizer, Inc.

Agradecimientos

Dr Carolyn Goh would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Robert Haber, Dr Christiane Querfeld, and Dr Christopher R. Shea, previous contributors to this topic. RH has an ownership interest in a company that manufactures light-based hair growth devices and receives royalties for the sales of a surgical device used in hair restoration surgery. CQ and CRS declare that they have no competing interests.

Revisores por pares

Marcelo G. Horenstein, MD

Director of Dermatopathology

The Dermatology Group

Verona

NJ

Divulgaciones

MGH declares that he has no competing interests.

Alvin R. Solomon, MD

Professor of Dermatology

Emory University School of Medicine

Atlanta

GA

Divulgaciones

ARS declares that he has no competing interests.

David Whiting, MD, FACP

Medical Director

The Baylor Hair and Skin Research and Treatment Center

Dallas

TX

Divulgaciones

DW is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. We have since been made aware that Dr David Whiting is deceased.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Starace M, Orlando G, Alessandrini A, et al. Female androgenetic alopecia: an update on diagnosis and management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2020 Feb;21(1):69-84. Resumen

European Dermatology Forum. S3 - European Dermatology Forum guideline for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women and in men. 2017 [internet publication].Texto completo

Olsen EA, Messenger AG, Shapiro J, et al. Evaluation and treatment of male and female pattern hair loss. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005 Feb;52(2):301-11. Resumen

Olsen EA, Whiting D, Bergfeld W, et al. A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of a novel formulation of 5% minoxidil topical foam versus placebo in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in men. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007 Nov;57(5):767-74. Resumen

Kaufman KD, Olsen EA, Whiting D, et al. Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia. Finasteride Male Pattern Hair Loss Study Group. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998 Oct;39(4 Pt 1):578-89. Resumen

Lucky AW, Piacquadio DJ, Ditre CM, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 5% and 2% topical minoxidil solutions in the treatment of female pattern hair loss. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004 Apr;50(4):541-53. Resumen

Olsen EA, Hordinsky MK, Price VH, et al. Alopecia areata investigational assessment guidelines: part II. National Alopecia Areata Foundation. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;51:440-7. Resumen

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
  • Androgenetic alopecia images
  • Diferenciales

    • Diffuse alopecia areata
    • Acute telogen effluvium
    • Chronic telogen effluvium
    Más Diferenciales
  • Guías de práctica clínica

    • S3 - European dermatology forum guideline for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women and in men
    • Medical guidelines for clinical practice for diagnosis and treatment of hyperandrogenic disorders
    Más Guías de práctica clínica
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