Summary
鉴别诊断
常见
- Familial short stature (genetic short stature)
- Constitutional delay of growth and development
- Idiopathic short stature
- Small for gestational age (SGA) without catch-up growth by 2 years of age
不常见
- Growth hormone (GH) deficiency
- Hypothyroidism
- Cushing syndrome
- GH insensitivity (Laron syndrome)
- Craniopharyngioma
- Turner syndrome
- Noonan syndrome
- Russell-Silver syndrome
- Trisomy 21
- Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)
- DiGeorge syndrome (velocardiofacial syndrome)
- Coeliac disease
- Cystic fibrosis (CF)
- Asthma (moderate or severe)
- Chronic heart disease (congenital or acquired)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Chronic kidney failure
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
- Crohn's disease
- Ulcerative colitis
- Malignancy
- Renal tubular acidosis
- Rickets
- Skeletal dysplasias (e.g., achondroplasia, hypochondroplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta)
- Spinal disorders (irradiation, surgery, congenital deformities)
- Psychosocial deprivation (abuse, neglect, starvation, institutionalisation)
- Anorexia nervosa
- Bulimia nervosa
- Fetal alcohol syndrome
- Stimulant medications for ADHD
撰稿人
作者
Renee Bargman, MS, MD

Pediatric Endocrinology
NYC Health and Hospitals/SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Brooklyn
NY
利益声明
RB declares that she has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Renee Bargman would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Maria Vogiatzi, a previous contributor to this topic.
同行评议者
Ian Marshall, MD
Chief of the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology
Assistant Professor
UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick
NY
利益声明
IM declares that he has no competing interests.
Raphael David, MD
Professor of Pediatrics
Director
Pediatric Endocrinology
New York University Medical Center
New York
NY
利益声明
RD declares that he has no competing interests.
参考文献
关键文献
Wit JM, Kamp GA, Oostdijk W, et al. Towards a rational and efficient diagnostic approach in children referred for growth failure to the general paediatrician. Horm Res Paediatr. 2019;91(4):223-40.全文 摘要
Cooke R, Goulet O, Huysentruyt K, et al. Catch-up growth in infants and young children with faltering growth: expert opinion to guide general clinicians. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2023 Jul 1;77(1):7-15.全文 摘要
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Faltering growth: recognition and management of faltering growth in children. Sept 2017 [internet publication].全文
Cohen P, Rogol AD, Deal CL, et al. Consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of children with idiopathic short stature: a summary of the Growth Hormone Research Society, the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, and the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology Workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Nov;93(11):4210-7.全文 摘要
Bryant J, Baxter L, Cave CB, et al. Recombinant growth hormone for idiopathic short stature in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jul 18;(3):CD004440.全文 摘要
参考文献
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Guidelines
- Diagnosis, genetics, and therapy of short stature in children: a Growth Hormone Research Society international perspective
- Faltering growth: recognition and management of faltering growth in children
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