Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- parotitis
- history of missed or no vaccination or possible vaccine failure (primary or secondary)
Other diagnostic factors
- constitutional symptoms
- orchitis
- oophoritis
- aseptic meningitis
- mastitis
- encephalitis
- deafness
Risk factors
- unvaccinated status
- immunosuppression
- healthcare worker
- international traveler
- close-contact living (college students, prisoners, military)
- vaccine failure
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- salivary mumps IgM
- reverse transcriptase PCR
Tests to consider
- CBC and differential
- serum mumps IgM
- serum mumps IgG
- serum amylase
- viral culture (CSF, saliva, or urine)
- lumbar puncture
- CT head
Treatment algorithm
all patients
Contributors
Authors
David Elliman, MB BS, FRCPCH, FRCP, FFPH, DCH, BA (Open)
Consultant in Community Child Health
Great Ormond Street Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
DE is involved in expert legal work where those with parental responsibility disagree as to whether a child should be immunized.
Helen Bedford, PhD, FRCPCH
Professor of Children's Health
UCL Institute of Child Health
London
UK
Disclosures
HB declares that she has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
Dr David Elliman and Professor Helen Bedford would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Kristin Furfari, a previous contributor to this topic.
Disclosures
KF declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Ravi Ubriani, MD, FAAD
Assistant Professor of Clinical Dermatology
Columbia University
New York
NY
Disclosures
RU declares that he has no competing interests.
Christopher D. Huston, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases
University of Vermont College of Medicine
Burlington
VT
Disclosures
CDH declares that he has no competing interests.
Kristine Macartney, MBBS, BMedSci, MD, FRACP
Deputy Director
National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance
Postgraduate Fellow
Department Of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
The Children’s Hospital
Westmead
New South Wales
Australia
Disclosures
KM declares that she has no competing interests.
Differentials
- Parainfluenza
- Coxsackievirus
- Acute HIV infection
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Recommended adult immunization schedule for ages 19 years or older, United States, 2024
- CDC Yellow Book 2024: health information for international travel: mumps
More GuidelinesPatient information
Measles, mumps, and rubella: should my child have the MMR vaccine?
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