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南美出血热

最后审阅: 6 Jan 2025
最后更新: 05 Nov 2020

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 发热(体温≥37.5℃)
  • 出血(牙龈出血、鼻衄、胃肠道出血、子宫出血)
  • 瘀斑
  • 结膜炎
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 不适感
  • 头痛
  • 关节痛
  • 肌痛
  • 腹痛
  • 恶心/呕吐
  • 腹泻
  • 淋巴结肿大
  • 神经系统症状(如意识模糊、共济失调、癫痫发作)
  • 咽痛
  • 咳嗽
  • 虚脱/昏迷
完整详情

危险因素

  • 职业暴露
  • 暴露于相关啮齿动物
  • 成年男性
  • 接触感染者
  • 疫区居住
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR)
  • 酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)
  • 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 疟疾筛查
  • 血液培养
  • 电解质和肾功能
  • 肝功能
  • 凝血筛查
  • 乳酸脱氢酶
  • 肌酸磷酸激酶
  • 胸部 X 线检查 (CXR)
  • 动脉血气
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

有症状的患者

撰稿人

作者

Nathalie MacDermott, MBBCh

Wellcome Clinical Research Training Fellow

Imperial College London

London

UK

利益声明

NMD declares that she has no competing interests.

Thomas G. Ksiazek, DVM, PhD

Professor

University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) at Galveston

Galveston

TX

利益声明

TGK has grants and contracts from NIH but is not involved in drug or vaccine research relating to South American haemorrhagic fevers. He has patents in regard to Ebola, Rift Valley fever, and hantaviruses. TGK is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

同行评议者

Stalin Vilcarromero, MD

Research Physician

US Naval Medical Research Unit 6 (NAMRU-6)

Iquitos

Peru

利益声明

SV declares that he has no competing interests.

Vanessa Raabe, MD, MSc

Adult and Pediatric Infectious Disease Fellow

Emory University

Atlanta

GA

利益声明

VR declares that she has no competing interests.

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