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海洋毒素(石房蛤毒素、河豚毒素、芋螺毒素)

最后审阅: 10 Nov 2024
最后更新: 26 Sep 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 口腔麻木
  • 吞咽困难
  • 构音障碍(常见)
  • 恶心(石房蛤毒素、河豚毒素)
  • 呕吐(石房蛤毒素、河豚毒素)
  • 腹泻(石房蛤毒素、河豚毒素)
  • 虚弱
  • 共济失调/动作失调
  • 高血压(石房蛤毒素)
  • 极度疼痛(芋螺毒素)
  • 低血压或心血管系统不稳定
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 轻度头痛/眩晕
  • 体位性近乎晕厥/晕厥
  • 焦虑
  • 气道保护性反射丧失
  • 通气能力下降
  • 缺氧
  • 心动过缓
  • 呼吸暂停
  • 室性心律失常
完整详情

危险因素

  • 水域变暖
  • 贝类摄入(石房蛤毒素)
  • 扇形蟹摄入(石房蛤毒素)
  • 海鲜摄入(河豚毒素)
  • 处理蓝环章鱼(河豚毒素)
  • 处理芋螺壳(芋螺毒素)
  • 在研究/实验室环境中暴露于毒素
  • 生物恐怖主义
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 临床诊断
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 脉搏血氧测量测定法
  • 二氧化碳图
  • 系列肺功能试验
  • 动脉血气
  • 胸部 X 线检查
  • 头颅 CT
  • 血清电解质
  • 针对海鲜肉进行高效液相色谱法测定
完整详情

新兴检查

  • 血清/尿液毒素分析

治疗流程

急症处理

所有患者

撰稿人

作者

William T. Hurley, MD, MBA, FACEP, FACMT

Emergency Medicine Physician and Medical Toxicologist

Emergency Services Institute and International Operations

The Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland

OH

利益声明

WTH is the author of a reference cited in this topic.

Jacob A. Lebin, MD

Senior Instructor of Emergency Medicine

Department of Emergency Medicine

Section of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology

University of Colorado School of Medicine

Aurora

CO

Medical Toxicologist

Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety

Denver

CO

利益声明

JAL has been provided consulting fees for Purdue Pharma.

鸣谢

Dr William T. Hurley and Dr Jacob A. Lebin would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Arvin Akhavan, a previous contributor to this topic.

利益声明

AA declares that he has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Scott D. Phillips, MD, FACP, FACMT, FAACT

Clinical Faculty

Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety

Denver

CO

利益声明

SDP declares that he has no competing interests.

Richard S. Weisman, Pharm.D., DABAT, FAACT

Professor of Pediatrics

University of Miami

Miller School of Medicine

Director

Florida Poison Center - Miami

Miami

FL

利益声明

RSW declares that he has no competing interests.

Nick Buckley, MD, FRACP

Professor of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology

University of Sydney

Sydney

Australia

利益声明

NB declares that he has no competing interests.

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