小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 口腔麻木
- 吞咽困难
- 构音障碍(常见)
- 恶心(石房蛤毒素、河豚毒素)
- 呕吐(石房蛤毒素、河豚毒素)
- 腹泻(石房蛤毒素、河豚毒素)
- 虚弱
- 共济失调/动作失调
- 高血压(石房蛤毒素)
- 极度疼痛(芋螺毒素)
- 低血压或心血管系统不稳定
其他诊断因素
- 轻度头痛/眩晕
- 体位性近乎晕厥/晕厥
- 焦虑
- 气道保护性反射丧失
- 通气能力下降
- 缺氧
- 心动过缓
- 呼吸暂停
- 室性心律失常
危险因素
- 水域变暖
- 贝类摄入(石房蛤毒素)
- 扇形蟹摄入(石房蛤毒素)
- 海鲜摄入(河豚毒素)
- 处理蓝环章鱼(河豚毒素)
- 处理芋螺壳(芋螺毒素)
- 在研究/实验室环境中暴露于毒素
- 生物恐怖主义
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 临床诊断
需考虑的检查
- 脉搏血氧测量测定法
- 二氧化碳图
- 系列肺功能试验
- 动脉血气
- 胸部 X 线检查
- 头颅 CT
- 血清电解质
- 针对海鲜肉进行高效液相色谱法测定
新兴检查
- 血清/尿液毒素分析
治疗流程
所有患者
撰稿人
作者
William T. Hurley, MD, MBA, FACEP, FACMT
Emergency Medicine Physician and Medical Toxicologist
Emergency Services Institute and International Operations
The Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland
OH
利益声明
WTH is the author of a reference cited in this topic.
Jacob A. Lebin, MD
Senior Instructor of Emergency Medicine
Department of Emergency Medicine
Section of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology
University of Colorado School of Medicine
Aurora
CO
Medical Toxicologist
Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety
Denver
CO
利益声明
JAL has been provided consulting fees for Purdue Pharma.
鸣谢
Dr William T. Hurley and Dr Jacob A. Lebin would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Arvin Akhavan, a previous contributor to this topic.
利益声明
AA declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Scott D. Phillips, MD, FACP, FACMT, FAACT
Clinical Faculty
Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety
Denver
CO
利益声明
SDP declares that he has no competing interests.
Richard S. Weisman, Pharm.D., DABAT, FAACT
Professor of Pediatrics
University of Miami
Miller School of Medicine
Director
Florida Poison Center - Miami
Miami
FL
利益声明
RSW declares that he has no competing interests.
Nick Buckley, MD, FRACP
Professor of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
University of Sydney
Sydney
Australia
利益声明
NB declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 食物中毒(其他原因)
- 病毒性胃肠炎
- 焦虑/惊恐发作
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- CDC 国际旅行健康信息(黄皮书):海洋毒素引起的食物中毒
- 临床实践指南:毒物学和毒素学——海洋生物毒液螯入
更多 指南- 登录或订阅即可浏览 BMJ Best Practice 临床实践完整内容
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