{"id":3051,"date":"2017-03-29T12:25:02","date_gmt":"2017-03-29T11:25:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestpractice.bmj.com\/?page_id=3051"},"modified":"2026-07-06T12:16:29","modified_gmt":"2026-07-06T11:16:29","slug":"bibliography","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bestpractice.bmj.com\/info\/us\/evidence\/ebm-toolbox\/bibliography\/","title":{"rendered":"Bibliography of key resources"},"content":{"rendered":"&nbsp;<br \/>\r\n<h3><strong>WHY EBM?<\/strong><\/h3><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Kiessling A, Lewitt M, Henriksson P, et al. Case-based training of evidence-based clinical practice in primary care and decreased mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. Ann Fam Med 2011;9:211\u2013218. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21555748\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21555748<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Shuval K, Linn S, Brevis M, et al. Association between primary care physicians&#8217; evidence-based medicine knowledge and quality of care. Int J Qual Health Care 2010;22:16\u201323. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19951965\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19951965<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Barratt A. Evidence based medicine and shared decision making: the challenge of getting both evidence and preferences into health care. Patient Educ Couns 2008;73:407\u2013412. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18845414\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18845414<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Lockwood D, Armstrong M, Grant A. Integrating evidence based medicine into routine clinical practice: seven years&#8217; experience at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London. BMJ 2004;329:1020\u20131023. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514349\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514349<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Lucas BP, Evans AT, Reilly BM, et al. The impact of evidence on physicians&#8217; inpatient treatment decisions. J Gen Intern Med 2004;19:402\u2013409. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15109337\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15109337<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<a name=\"whatisebm\"><\/a><br \/>\r\n<h3><strong>WHAT IS EBM?<\/strong><\/h3><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. Evidence based medicine: a movement in crisis? BMJ 2014;348:g3725 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24927763\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24927763<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Glasziou P, What is EBM? Evidence Based Medicine 2011;16:129-130. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21949274\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21949274<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Dickersin K. Evidence based medicine: increasing, not dictating, choice. BMJ 2007;334:s10 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/334\/suppl_1\/s10\">https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/334\/suppl_1\/s10<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Reilly BM. The essence of EBM. BMJ 2004;329;991\u2013992. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514321\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514321<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Sackett DL, Rosenberg W, Gray JA, et al. Evidence-based medicine: what it is and what it isn\u2019t. BMJ 1996;312:71\u201372. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8555924\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8555924<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. Evidence-based medicine. A new approach to teaching the practice of medicine. JAMA 1992;268;2420\u20132425. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/1404801\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/1404801<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<strong>Websites<\/strong><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>The history of evidence based medicine &#8211; Oral History project from JAMA and The BMJ. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/campaign\/ebm-history\">https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/campaign\/ebm-history<\/a> (last accessed 10 March 2017)<\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<a name=\"question\"><\/a><br \/>\r\n<h3><strong>CLINICAL QUESTION, SEARCH AND STUDY SELECTION<\/strong><\/h3><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Ioannidis, J. The need to consider the wider agenda in systematic reviews and meta-analyses: breadth, timing, and depth of the evidence. BMJ 2010;341:c4875 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/341\/bmj.c4875\">https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/341\/bmj.c4875<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Glanville J, Bayliss S, Booth A, et al. So many filters, so little time: the development of a search filter appraisal checklist. J Med Libr Assoc 2008; 96(4):356\u2013361. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2568852\/\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2568852\/<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>O\u2019Connor D, Green S, Higgins JPT (editors). Chapter 5: Defining the review question and developing criteria for including studies. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors), Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Intervention Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.cochrane.org\/\">www.handbook.cochrane.org<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Lefebvre C, Manheimer E, Glanville J. Chapter 6: Searching for studies. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.cochrane.org\/\">www.handbook.cochrane.org<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Higgins JPT, Deeks JJ (editors). Chapter 7: Selecting studies and collecting data. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.cochrane.org\/\">www.handbook.cochrane.org<\/a>.<\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Lefebvre C, Glanville J, Wieland LS, et al. Methodological developments in searching for studies for systematic reviews: past, present and future? Systematic Reviews 2013;2:78. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24066664\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24066664<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<strong>Websites<\/strong><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Asking Focused Questions. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/asking-focused-questions\/\">https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/asking-focused-questions\/<\/a> (last accessed 10 March 2017).<\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Finding the Evidence 1 \u2013 Using PICO to formulate a search question. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/finding-the-evidence-1-using-pico-to-formulate-a-search-question\/\">https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/finding-the-evidence-1-using-pico-to-formulate-a-search-question\/<\/a> (last accessed 10 March 2017).<\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>The InterTASC Information Specialists&#8217; Sub-Group (ISSG) Search Filters Resource: Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/york.ac.uk\/issg-search-filters-resource\/\">https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/york.ac.uk\/issg-search-filters-resource\/<\/a> (last accessed 10 March 2017).<\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>U.S. National Library of Medicine. PubMed Special Queries. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/bsd\/special_queries.html\">https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/bsd\/special_queries.html<\/a> (last accessed 10 March 2017).<\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<a name=\"appraisal\"><\/a><br \/>\r\n<h3>CRITICAL APPRAISAL SKILLS<\/h3><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Sedgwick P. Bias in experimental study designs: randomized controlled trials with parallel groups. BMJ 2015;351. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/351\/bmj.h3869\">https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/351\/bmj.h3869<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Windish D. Searching for the right evidence: how to answer your clinical questions using the 6S hierarchy. Evidence-Based Medicine 2013;18:93-97. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23048189\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23048189<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Higgins JPT, Altman DG, Sterne JAC (editors). Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.cochrane.org\/\">www.handbook.cochrane.org<\/a>.<\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, et al. What is &#8220;quality of evidence&#8221; and why is it important to clinicians? BMJ 2008;336:995\u2013998. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18456631\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18456631<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Haynes RB. Of studies, syntheses, synopses, summaries, and systems: the &#8220;5S&#8221; evolution of information services for evidence-based healthcare decisions. Evid Based Med 2006;11:162\u2013164. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17213159\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17213159<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Barton S. Which clinical studies provide the best evidence? BMJ 2000;321(7256):255\u2013256. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1118259\/\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1118259\/<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper. Assessing the methodological quality of published papers. BMJ 1997;315:305\u2013308. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9274555\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9274555<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper. Getting your bearings (deciding what the paper is about). BMJ 1997;315:243\u2013246. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9253275\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9253275<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Jaeschke R, Guyatt G, Sackett DL. Users&#8217; guides to the medical literature. III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. A. Are the results of the study valid? Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA 1994;271:389-391. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/gim\/_pdf\/JAMA\/3A-Diagnostic_Test.pdf\">https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/gim\/_pdf\/JAMA\/3A-Diagnostic_Test.pdf<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Jaeschke R, Guyatt GH, Sackett DL. Users&#8217; guides to the medical literature. III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. B. What are the results and will they help me in caring for my patients? The Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA 1994;271:703-707. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/gim\/_pdf\/JAMA\/3B-Diagnostic_Test.pdf\">https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/gim\/_pdf\/JAMA\/3B-Diagnostic_Test.pdf<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<strong>Websites<\/strong><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Critical Appraisal tools. Available from https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/critical-appraisal\/ (last accessed 10 March 2017)<\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. CASP checklists. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.casp-uk.net\/casp-tools-checklists\">https:\/\/www.casp-uk.net\/casp-tools-checklists<\/a> (last accessed 10 March 2017)<\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. PRISMA Statement. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.prisma-statement.org\/PRISMAStatement\/Default.aspx\">https:\/\/www.prisma-statement.org\/PRISMAStatement\/Default.aspx<\/a> (last accessed 10 March 2017)<\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Critical Appraisal: Notes and checklists. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sign.ac.uk\/what-we-do\/methodology\/checklists\/\">https:\/\/www.sign.ac.uk\/methodology\/checklists.html<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<a name=\"stats\"><\/a><br \/>\r\n<h3>UNDERSTANDING STATISTICS<\/h3><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Sedgwick P. What is significance? BMJ 2015;350:h3475 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/350\/bmj.h3475\">https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/350\/bmj.h3475<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Sedgwick P. What are the risks? BMJ 2015;350:h2931 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/350\/bmj.h2931\">https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/350\/bmj.h2931<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Sedgwick P. Clinical significance versus statistical significance. BMJ 2014;348:g2130 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/348\/bmj.g2130\">https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/348\/bmj.g2130<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Understanding statistical terms: 5. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Drug Ther Bull 2009;47:95\u201396. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19654420\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19654420<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Understanding statistical terms: 4. Diagnostic tests. Drug Ther Bull 2009;47:71\u201372. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19494344\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19494344<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Understanding statistical terms: 3. Topics to do with study design. Drug Ther Bull 2009;47:59\u201360. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19423679\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19423679<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Understanding statistical terms: 2. Drug Ther Bull 2009;47:35\u201336. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19261839\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19261839<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Understanding statistical terms: 1. Drug Ther Bull 2009;47:22\u201324. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19193703\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19193703<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Hatala R, Keitz S, Wyer P, et al. Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 4. Assessing heterogeneity of primary studies in systematic reviews and whether to combine their results. CMAJ 2005;172:661\u2013665. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15738493\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15738493<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Barratt A, WYer PC, Hatala R, et al. Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 1. Relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction and number needed to treat. CMAJ 2004;171:353\u2013358. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15313996\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15313996<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Montori VM, Kleinbart J, Newman TB, et al. Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 2. Measures of precision (confidence intervals). CMAJ 2004;171:611\u2013615. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15367466\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15367466<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper. Statistics for the non-statistician II: significant relationships and their pitfalls. BMJ 1997;315:422\u2013425. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9277611\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9277611<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper. Statistics for the non-statistician I: different types of data need different statistical tests. BMJ 1997;315:364\u2013366. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9270463\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/927046<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<strong>Websites<\/strong><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/learning.bmj.com\/learning\/module-intro\/.html?moduleId=5003158\">BMJ Learning Understanding statistics 1: presenting data from clinical trials<\/a>\u00a0An interactive module which outlines the basics of different ways of presenting statistical data from a clinical trial.<\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/learning.bmj.com\/learning\/module-intro\/.html?moduleId=5001080\">BMJ Learning Understanding statistics 2: \u00a0is there a significant difference?<\/a>\u00a0 An interactive module which uses practical examples to work through to help you learn how to interpret the results of a trial, including what statistical significance means.<\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<a name=\"analysis\"><\/a><br \/>\r\n<h3>UNDERSTANDING META-ANALYSIS<\/h3><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Perera R, Heneghan C. Interpreting meta-analysis in systematic reviews. Evid Based Med 2008;13:67\u201369. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18515615\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18515615<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper. Papers that summarise other papers (systematic reviews and meta-analyses). BMJ 1997;315:672\u2013675. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9310574\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9310574<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<a name=\"grade\"><\/a><br \/>\r\n<h3>GRADE<\/h3><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>GRADE Series. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jclinepi.com\/content\/jce-GRADE-Series\">https:\/\/www.jclinepi.com\/content\/jce-GRADE-Series<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul><br \/>\r\n<a name=\"practice\"><\/a><br \/>\r\n<h3>EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE<\/h3><br \/>\r\n<ul><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Walsh, K. Online clinical decision support: how it is used at the point-of-care. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 2017; 0: 1-2 <a href=\"https:\/\/stel.bmj.com\/content\/early\/2017\/01\/05\/bmjstel-2016-000170.info\">https:\/\/stel.bmj.com\/content\/early\/2017\/01\/05\/bmjstel-2016-000170.info<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>McCartney M, Treadwell J, Maskrey N, et al. Making evidence-based medicine work for individual patients. BMJ 2016; 353. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/353\/bmj.i2452\">https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/353\/bmj.i2452<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Agoritsas T, Heen AF, Brandt L, et al. Decision aids that really promote shared decision making: the pace quickens. BMJ 2015;350. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25670178\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25670178<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Stiggelbout AM, Van der Weijden T, De Wit MPT, et al. Shared decision making: really putting patients at the centre of healthcare. BMJ 2012;344 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22286508\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22286508<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Kitson A, Straus SE. The knowledge-to-action cycle: identifying the gaps. CMAJ 2010;182:E73\u2013E77. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19948812\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19948812<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Whitely R. Cultural competence, evidence-based medicine, and evidence-based practices. Psychiatr Serv 2007;58:1588\u20131590. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18048561\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18048561<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Hasnain-Wynia R. Is evidence-based medicine patient-centered and is patient-centered care evidence-based? Health Serv Res 2006;41:1\u20138. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16479681\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16479681<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Guyatt G, Cook D, Haynes B. Evidence-based medicine has come a long way. BMJ 2004;329;990\u2013991. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514320\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514320<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Kotaska A. Inappropriate use of randomised trials to evaluate complex phenomena: case study of vaginal breech delivery. BMJ 2004;329:1039\u20131042. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514356\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514356<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Lockwood S. &#8220;Evidence of me&#8221; in evidence-based medicine? BMJ 2004;329;1033\u20131035. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514354\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514354<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Slowther A, Ford S, Schofield T. Ethics of evidence-based medicine in the primary care setting. J Med Ethics 2004;30:151\u2013155. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15082808\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15082808<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>White B. Making evidence-based medicine doable in everyday practice. Fam Pract Manag 2004;11:51\u201358. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15011482\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15011482<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Schattner A, Fletcher RH. Research evidence and the individual patient. QJM 2003;96:1\u20135. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12509644\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12509644<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n \t<li>Rosenberg W, Donald A. Evidence-based medicine: an approach to clinical problem-solving. BMJ 1995;310:1122\u20131126. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/7742682\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/7742682<\/a><\/li><br \/>\r\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; WHY EBM? Kiessling A, Lewitt M, Henriksson P, et al. Case-based training of evidence-based clinical practice in primary care and decreased mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. Ann Fam Med 2011;9:211\u2013218. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21555748 Shuval K, Linn S, Brevis M, et al. Association between primary care physicians&#8217; evidence-based medicine knowledge and quality of care. Int [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":3043,"menu_order":17,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"marketing_new.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3051","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"components":[{"choose_component":"generic","hide":"","logged_in":"","logged_out":"","grey_background":"","background_color":"","background_image":null,"title_text_color":"","title":"Bibliography of key resources: an introduction to the concepts of EBM","text":"<h3><strong>WHY EBM?<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Emparanza JI, Cabello JB and Burls AJE. Does evidence-based practice improve patient outcomes? <a href=\"https:\/\/ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26516021\/\">An analysis of a natural experiment in a Spanish hospital<\/a>. J Eval Clin Pract. 2015;21:1059-65.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Kiessling A, Lewitt M, Henriksson P, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21555748\">Case-based training of evidence-based clinical practice in primary care and decreased mortality in patients with coronary heart disease<\/a>. Ann Fam Med. 2011;9:211\u20138.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Shuval K, Linn S, Brevis M, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19951965\">Association between primary care physicians' evidence-based medicine knowledge and quality of care<\/a>. Int J Qual Health Care. 2010;22:16\u201323.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Barratt A. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18845414\">Evidence based medicine and shared decision making: the challenge of getting both evidence and preferences into health care<\/a>. Patient Educ Couns. 2008;73:407\u201312.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Lockwood D, Armstrong M, Grant A. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514349\">Integrating evidence based medicine into routine clinical practice: seven years' experience at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London<\/a>. BMJ. 2004;329:1020\u20133.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Lucas BP, Evans AT, Reilly BM, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15109337\">The impact of evidence on physicians' inpatient treatment decisions<\/a>. J Gen Intern Med. 2004;19:402\u20139.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Rosenberg W, Donald A. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/7742682\">Evidence based medicine: an approach to clinical problem-solving<\/a>. BMJ. 1995;310:1122\u20136.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><strong>WHAT IS EBM?<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24927763\">Evidence based medicine: a movement in crisis<\/a>? BMJ. 2014;348:g3725<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Glasziou P, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21949274\">What is EBM?<\/a> Evidence-Based Medicine. 2011;16:129-30.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Dickersin K. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/334\/suppl_1\/s10\">Evidence based medicine: increasing, not dictating, choice<\/a>. BMJ. 2007;334:s10.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Reilly BM. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514321\">The essence of EBM<\/a>. BMJ. 2004;329;991\u20132.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sackett DL, Rosenberg W, Gray JA, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8555924\">Evidence-based medicine: what it is and what it isn\u2019t<\/a>. BMJ. 1996;312:71\u20132.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/1404801\">Evidence-based medicine. A new approach to teaching the practice of medicine<\/a>. JAMA. 1992;268;2420\u20135.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Websites<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/campaign\/ebm-history\">The history of evidence based medicine - Oral History project from JAMA and The BMJ<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><strong>CLINICAL QUESTION, SEARCH, AND STUDY SELECTION<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Ioannidis, J. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/341\/bmj.c4875\">The need to consider the wider agenda in systematic reviews and meta-analyses: breadth, timing, and depth of the evidence<\/a>. BMJ. 2010;341:c4875.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Glanville J, Bayliss S, Booth A, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2568852\/\">So many filters, so little time: the development of a search filter appraisal checklist<\/a>. J Med Libr Assoc. 2008; 96(4):356\u201361.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Thomas J, Kneale D, McKenzie JE, et al.\u00a0 Chapter 2: Determining the scope of the review and the questions it will address. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook\">Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3<\/a> (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Lefebvre C, Glanville J, Briscoe S, et al. Chapter 4: Searching for and selecting studies. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook\">Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3<\/a> (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Li T, Higgins JPT and Deeks JJ. Chapter 5: Collecting data. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook\">Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3<\/a> (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Lefebvre C, Glanville J, Wieland LS, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24066664\">Methodological developments in searching for studies for systematic reviews: past, present and future?<\/a> Systematic Reviews. 2013;2:78.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Websites<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cebm.ox.ac.uk\/resources\/ebm-tools\/asking-focused-questions\">Asking Focused Questions<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cebm.ox.ac.uk\/resources\/ebm-tools\/\/finding-the-evidence-1-using-pico-to-formulate-a-search-question\">Finding the Evidence 1 \u2013 Using PICO to formulate a search question<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/york.ac.uk\/issg-search-filters-resource\/\">The InterTASC Information Specialists' Sub-Group (ISSG) Search Filters Resource<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>U.S. National Library of Medicine. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/bsd\/special_queries.html\">PubMed Special Queries<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><strong>CRITICAL APPRAISAL SKILLS<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Boutron I, Page MJ, Higgins JPT, et al. Chapter 7: Considering bias and conflicts of interest among the included studies. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, et al (eds). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook\">Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3<\/a> (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Higgins JPT, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, et al. Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial. \u00a0In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, et al (eds). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook\">Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3<\/a> (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Page MJ, Higgins JPT and Sterne JAC. Chapter 13: Assessing risk of bias due to missing results in a synthesis. \u00a0In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, et al (eds). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook\">Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3<\/a> (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022.<\/li>\r\n \t<li aria-level=\"1\">Sterne JAC, Hern\u00e1n MA, McAleenan A, et al. Chapter 25: Assessing risk of bias in a non-randomized study. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, et al (eds). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook\">Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3<\/a> (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sedgwick P. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/351\/bmj.h3869\">Bias in experimental study designs: randomised controlled trials with parallel group<\/a>s. BMJ. 2015;351.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Windish D. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23048189\">Searching for the right evidence: how to answer your clinical questions using the 6S hierarchy<\/a>. Evidence-Based Medicine. 2013;18:93-7.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18456631\">What is \"quality of evidence\" and why is it important to clinicians?<\/a> BMJ. 2008;336:995\u20138.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Haynes RB. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17213159\">Of studies, syntheses, synopses, summaries, and systems: the \"5S\" evolution of information services for evidence-based healthcare decisions<\/a>. Evid Based Med. 2006;11:162\u20134.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Barton S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1118259\/\">Which clinical studies provide the best evidence?<\/a> BMJ. 2000;321(7256):255\u20136.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper. Assessing the methodological quality of published papers. BMJ. 1997;315:305\u20138.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9253275\">Getting your bearings (deciding what the paper is about)<\/a>. BMJ. 1997;315:243\u20136.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Jaeschke R, Guyatt G, Sackett DL. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8283589\/\">Users' guides to the medical literature. III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. A. Are the results of the study valid?<\/a> JAMA. 1994;271:389-91.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Jaeschke R, Guyatt GH, Sackett DL. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8309035\/\">Users' guides to the medical literature. III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. B. What are the results and will they help me in caring for my patients?<\/a> JAMA. 1994;271:703-7.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Websites<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/catalogofbias.org\/\">Catalogue of Bias<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/2014\/06\/critical-appraisal\/\">Critical Appraisal tools<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.consort-statement.org\/\">CONSORT Statement and Extensions<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.casp-uk.net\/casp-tools-checklists\">CASP checklists<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.prisma-statement.org\/prisma-2020\">PRISMA Statement<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sign.ac.uk\/methodology\/checklists.html\">Critical Appraisal: Notes and checklists<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><strong>UNDERSTANDING STATISTICS<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sedgwick P. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/350\/bmj.h3475\">What is significance?<\/a> BMJ. 2015;350:h3475<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sedgwick P. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/350\/bmj.h2931\">What are the risks?<\/a> BMJ. 2015;350:h2931<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sedgwick P. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/348\/bmj.g2130\">Clinical significance versus statistical significance<\/a>. BMJ. 2014;348:g2130<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19654420\">Understanding statistical terms: 5. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis<\/a>. Drug Ther Bull. 2009;47:95\u20136.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19494344\">Understanding statistical terms: 4. Diagnostic tests<\/a>. Drug Ther Bull. 2009;47:71\u20132.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19423679\">Understanding statistical terms: 3. Topics to do with study design<\/a>. Drug Ther Bull. 2009;47:59\u201360.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19261839\">Understanding statistical terms: 2<\/a>. Drug Ther Bull. 2009;47:35\u20136.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19193703\">Understanding statistical terms: 1<\/a>. Drug Ther Bull. 2009;47:22\u20134.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Hatala R, Keitz S, Wyer P, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15738493\">Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 4. Assessing heterogeneity of primary studies in systematic reviews and whether to combine their results<\/a>. CMAJ. 2005;172:661\u20135.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Barratt A, WYer PC, Hatala R, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15313996\">Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 1. Relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction and number needed to treat<\/a>. CMAJ. 2004;171:353\u20138.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Montori VM, Kleinbart J, Newman TB, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15367466\">Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 2. Measures of precision (confidence intervals)<\/a>. CMAJ, 2004;171:611\u20135.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9277611\">Statistics for the non-statistician II: significant relationships and their pitfalls<\/a>. BMJ. 1997;315:422\u20135.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/927046\">Statistics for the non-statistician I: different types of data need different statistical tests<\/a>. BMJ. 1997;315:364\u20136.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Websites<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/specialties\/statistics-notes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BMJ Statistics Notes<\/a> Co-written by Martin Bland and Doug Altman (with some exceptions), these notes cover everything from basic to more advanced medical statistics with practical examples. A complete list of BMJ Statistics Notes is available <a href=\"https:\/\/www-users.york.ac.uk\/~mb55\/pubs\/pbstnote.htm\">here<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><strong>UNDERSTANDING META-ANALYSIS<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Perera R, Heneghan C. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18515615\/\">Interpreting meta-analysis in systematic reviews<\/a>. Evid Based Med. 2008;13:67\u20139.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Greenhalgh T. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9310574\">How to read a paper.<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9310574\">Papers that summarise other papers (systematic reviews and meta-analyses)<\/a>. BMJ. 1997;315:672\u20135.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><strong>GRADE<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jclinepi.com\/article\/S0895-4356(10)00329-X\/fulltext\">Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. GRADE Series<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><strong>EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AND SHARED DECISION MAKING<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Daly RL, Bunn F and Goodman C. <a href=\"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/content\/8\/6\/e018977\">Shared decision-making for people living with dementia in extended care settings: a systematic review<\/a>. BMJ Open. 2018;8:e018977.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Walsh, K. <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8936652\">Online clinical decision support: how it is used at the point-of-care<\/a>. BMJ. 2017;0:1-2<\/li>\r\n \t<li>McCartney M, Treadwell J, Maskrey N, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/353\/bmj.i2452\">Making evidence based medicine work for individual patients<\/a>. BMJ. 2016;353.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Agoritsas T, Heen AF, Brandt L, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25670178\">Decision aids that really promote shared decision making: the pace quickens<\/a>. BMJ. 2015;350.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Stiggelbout AM, Van der Weijden T, De Wit MPT, et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22286508\">Shared decision making: really putting patients at the centre of healthcare<\/a>. BMJ. 2012;344<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Kitson A, Straus SE. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19948812\">The knowledge-to-action cycle: identifying the gaps<\/a>. CMAJ. 2010;182:E73\u20137.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Whitely R. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18048561\">Cultural competence, evidence-based medicine, and evidence-based practices<\/a>. Psychiatr Serv. 2007;58:1588\u201390.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Hasnain-Wynia R. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16479681\">Is evidence-based medicine patient-centered and is patient-centered care evidence-based?<\/a> Health Serv Res. 2006;41:1\u20138.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Guyatt G, Cook D, Haynes B. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514320\">Evidence based medicine has come a long way<\/a>. BMJ. 2004;329;990\u20131.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Kotaska A. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514356\">Inappropriate use of randomised trials to evaluate complex phenomena: case study of vaginal breech delivery<\/a>. BMJ. 2004;329:1039\u201342.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Lockwood S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15514354\">\"Evidence of me\" in evidence based medicine?<\/a> BMJ. 2004;329;1033\u20135.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Slowther A, Ford S, Schofield T. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15082808\">Ethics of evidence based medicine in the primary care setting<\/a>. J Med Ethics. 2004;30:151\u20135.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>White B. Making evidence-based medicine doable in everyday practice. Fam Pract Manag 2004;11:51\u201358.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Schattner A, Fletcher RH. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12509644\">Research evidence and the individual patient<\/a>. QJM. 2003;96:1\u20135.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<b>Websites<\/b>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/rapid-recommendations\">BMJ Rapid Recommendations.<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/community.cochrane.org\/review-production\/knowledge-translation\">Cochrane Knowledge Translation<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/knowledgetranslation.co.za\/\">Knowledge Translation Unit<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/about\/what-we-do\/our-programmes\/nice-guidance\/nice-guidelines\/shared-decision-making\">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) shared decision making and patient decision aids<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","image":null,"qr_image":null,"circular_image":null,"button_text":"","button_url":"","button2_text":"","button2_url":"","video_embed":"","quote":"","quote_author":"","author_job_title":"","feature_iconsimages":null,"bullets":"none","bullet_text":null,"expiration_date":null,"review_type":"normal","reviews":null,"feature_image_cards":null,"feature_icon_cards":null,"podcast_date":null,"podcast_title":"","podcast_text":"","podcast_embed_script":"","campaign_advert_link":"","monthly":{"show_monthly_tab":false,"strikethrough_price":"","price_text":"","per_month_text":"","vat_text":"","subscribe_button_text":"","subscribe_button_link":""},"annual":{"show_annual_tab":false,"packages":null,"default_price":"","default_strikethrough_price":"","default_per_year_text":"","vat_text":"","subscribe_button_text":"","subscribe_button_link":""},"advisory_panel":null,"article_list_fields":null,"subscription_tab_main_heading":"","subscription_tabs":null,"accordion_for_page":null,"embed_code":"","table_structure":null,"column_two_text":""},{"choose_component":"bulletList","hide":"","logged_in":"","logged_out":"","grey_background":[],"background_color":"","background_image":null,"title_text_color":"","title":"Related 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