Summary

• Predominantly a disease of immunocompromised patients. Its incidence has been increasing over the past 20 years.
• Five types are commonly described: rhino-orbito-cerebral (most common), pulmonary, cutaneous, disseminated, and GI (rare).
• Histopathology of affected tissue is key to obtaining a definitive diagnosis.
• Rhinocerebral mucormycosis commonly occurs in patients with diabetes and presents with headache, visual changes, sinusitis, and, later, proptosis.
• Pulmonary mucormycosis commonly presents as a cough in patients with underlying malignancy or transplant (bone marrow or solid organ). Late diagnosis may result in dissemination, leading to high mortality.
• High level of suspicion and early institution of combined medical therapy with amphotericin B, surgical treatment, and immune restoration is essential for good outcomes.