Summary

• Occurs when excessive valgus stresses or external rotation forces are placed on the knee joint.
• Most common symptom is medial-sided knee pain above or below the joint line. Patients are usually able to walk.
• Diagnosis and grading is primarily done with history-taking and physical examination.
• Most patients are treated non-operatively.
• Prognosis for isolated medial collateral ligament injuries is good. Most patients return to sports within 3 to 6 weeks and to pre-injury levels within 3 months.
• Combined multi-ligament and chronic medial collateral ligament injuries often require operative intervention.