Summary

• Episodic auditory and vestibular disease characterised by sudden onset of vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and sensation of fullness in the affected ear. Earlier in the disease process, all symptoms may not be present.
• The cause is unknown, but results in an over-production or impaired absorption of endolymph in the inner ear.
• Diagnosis is made on clinical history and detailed audiological tests; other investigations may be required to exclude other causes.
• Dietary changes and diuretics may control symptoms in early stages of the disease; specific medical therapies for vertigo control can be tried if required.
• If symptoms persist despite maximal medical therapy, several surgical interventions are available.