Sammendrag

• May present with features of testosterone deficiency and/or infertility.
• When caused by pituitary macro-adenoma, patients may have additional symptoms due to mass effects, such as headaches or peripheral visual disturbance. There may also be signs and symptoms of other pituitary hormone deficiencies.
• Early morning serum total testosterone level below 10.4 nanomol/L (<300 nanograms/dL) on at least two separate occasions in a symptomatic man generally confirms the diagnosis of hypogonadism.
• Testosterone should be measured in all men with erectile dysfunction.
• Measurement of the gonadotrophins (LH and FSH) distinguishes between a primary and a secondary cause.
• Replacement therapy with transdermal or injectable testosterone is generally used to maintain androgenisation.
• The aim of testosterone replacement is to achieve serum testosterone levels within the normal range with dose adjustment to have the maximum effect on alleviation of symptoms.