Acne vulgaris

Acne vulgaris

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24. Ellis CN, Gammon WR, Stone DZ, et al. A comparison of Cleocin T Solution, Cleocin T Gel, and placebo in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Cutis 1988;42:245–247. [Abstract]

25. Lucchina LC, Kollias N, Gillies R, et al. Fluorescence photography in the evaluation of acne. J Am Acad Dermatol 1996;35:58–63. [Abstract]

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27. Becker LE, Bergstresser PR, Whiting DA, et al. Topical clindamycin therapy for acne vulgaris. A cooperative clinical study. Arch Dermatol 1981;117:482–485. [Abstract]

28. Kuhlman DS, Callen JP. A comparison of clindamycin phosphate 1 percent topical lotion and placebo in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Cutis 1986;38:203–206. [Abstract]

29. Noble WC, Naidoo J. Evolution of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: the role of the skin. Br J Dermatol 1978;98:481–489.

30. Simonart T, Dramaix M. Treatment of acne with topical antibiotics: lessons from clinical studies. Br J Dermatol 2005;153:395–403. [Abstract]

31. Kellett N, West F, Finlay AY. Conjoint analysis: a novel, rigorous tool for determining patient preferences for topical antibiotic treatment for acne. A randomised controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2006;154:524–532. [Abstract]

32. Glass D, Boorman GC, Stables GI, et al. A placebo-controlled clinical trial to compare a gel containing a combination of isotretinoin (0.05%) and erythromycin (2%) with gels containing isotretinoin (0.05%) or erythromycin (2%) alone in the topical treatment of acne vulgaris. Dermatology 1999;199:242–247. [Abstract]

33. Lesher JL Jr, Chalker DK, Smith JG Jr, et al. An evaluation of a 2% erythromycin ointment in the topical therapy of acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 1985;12:526–531. [Abstract]

34. Pochi PE, Bagatell FK, Ellis CN, et al. Erythromycin 2% gel in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Cutis 1988;41:132–136. [Abstract]

35. Jones EL, Crumley AF. Topical erythromycin vs blank vehicle in a multiclinic acne study. Arch Dermatol 1981;117:551–553. [Abstract]

36. Dobson RL, Belknap BS. Topical erythromycin solution in acne. Results of a multiclinic trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 1980;3:478–482. [Abstract]

37. Rivkin L, Rapaport M. Clinical evaluation of a new erythromycin solution for acne vulgaris. Cutis 1980;25:552–555. [Abstract]

38. Hellgren L, Vincent J. Topical erythromycin for acne vulgaris. Dermatologica 1980;161:409–414. [Abstract]

39. Prince RA, Busch DA, Hepler CD, et al. Clinical trial of topical erythromycin in inflammatory acne. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1981;15:372–376. [Abstract]

40. Christiansen JV, Gadborg E, Ludvigsen K, et al. Topical tretinoin, vitamin A acid (Airol) in acne vulgaris: a controlled clinical trial. Dermatologica 1974;148:82–89. [Abstract]

41. Christiansen J, Holm P, Reymann F. The retinoic acid derivative Ro 11-1430 in acne vulgaris: a controlled multicenter trial against retinoic acid. Dermatologica 1977;154:219–227. [Abstract]

42. Krishnan G. Comparison of two concentrations of tretinoin solution in the topical treatment of acne vulgaris. Practitioner 1976;216:106–109. [Abstract]

43. Lucky AW, Cullen SI, Jarratt MT, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of two 0.025% tretinoin gels: results from a multicenter double-blind, parallel study. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;38:S17–S23. [Abstract]

44. Lucky AW, Cullen SI, Funicella T, et al. Double-blind, vehicle-controlled, multicenter comparison of two 0.025% tretinoin creams in patients with acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;38:S24–S30. [Abstract]

45. Pinnock CB, Alderman CP. The potential for teratogenicity of vitamin A and its congeners. Med J Aust 1992;157:805–809.

46. Thiboutot DM, Shalita AR, Yamauchi PS, et al. Adapalene gel, 0.1%, as maintenance therapy for acne vulgaris: a randomized, controlled, investigator-blind follow-up of a recent combination study. Arch Dermatol 2006;142:597–602. [Abstract]

47. Thiboutot D, Pariser DM, Egan N, et al. Adapalene gel 0.3% for the treatment of acne vulgaris: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled, phase III trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006;54:242–250. [Abstract]

48. Kawashima M, Harada S, Loesche C, et al. Adapalene gel 0.1% is effective and safe for Japanese patients with acne vulgaris: a randomized, multicenter, investigator-blinded, controlled study. J Dermatol Sci 2008;49:241–248. [Abstract]

49. Lucky A, Jorizzo JL, Rodriguez D, et al. Efficacy and tolerance of adapalene cream 0.1% compared with its cream vehicle for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Cutis 2001;68:34–40. [Abstract]

50. Cunliffe WJ, Holland KT. Clinical and laboratory studies on treatment with 20% azelaic acid cream for acne. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 1989;143:31–34. [Abstract]

51. Katsambus A, Graupe K, Stratigos J. Clinical studies of 20% azelaic acid cream in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Comparison with vehicle and topical tretinoin. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 1989;143:35–39. [Abstract]

52. Graupe K, Cunliffe WJ, Gollnick HP, et al. Efficacy and safety of topical azelaic acid (20% cream): an overview of results from European clinical trials and experimental reports. Cutis 1996;57(suppl 1):20–35.

53. Feucht CL, Allen BS, Chalker DK, et al. Topical erythromycin with zinc in acne. A double-blind controlled study. J Am Acad Dermatol 1980;3:483–491. [Abstract]

54. Schachner L, Eaglestein W, Kittles C, et al. Topical erythromycin and zinc therapy for acne. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990;22:253–260. [Abstract]

55. Chalker DK, Lesher JL Jr, Smith JG Jr, et al. Efficacy of topical isotretinoin 0.05% gel in acne vulgaris: results of a multicenter, double-blind investigation. J Am Acad Dermatol 1987;17:251–254. [Abstract]

56. Langner A, Boorman GC, Stapor V, et al. Isotretinoin cream 0.05% and 0.1% in the treatment of acne vulgaris. J Dermatol Treat 1994;5:177–180.

57. Blaney DJ, Cook CH. Topical use of tetracycline in the treatment of acne: a double-blind study comparing topical and oral tetracycline therapy and placebo. Arch Dermatol 1976;112:971–973. [Abstract]

58. Anderson RL, Cook CH, Smith DE. The effect of oral and topical tetracycline on acne severity and on surface lipid composition. J Invest Dermatol 1976;66:172–177. [Abstract]

59. Smith JG Jr, Chalker DK, Wehr RF. The effectiveness of topical and oral tetracycline for acne. South Med J 1976;69:695–697. [Abstract]

60. Burton J. A placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of topical tetracycline and oral tetracycline in the treatment of mild to moderate acne. Dermatology Research Group. J Int Med Res 1990;18:94–103. [Abstract]

61. Ochsendorf F. Systemic antibiotic therapy of acne vulgaris. J Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft 2006;4:828–841. [Abstract]

62. Bleeker J, Hellgren L, Vincent J. Effect of systemic erythromycin stearate on the inflammatory lesions and skin surface fatty acids in acne vulgaris. Dermatologica 1981;162:342–349. [Abstract]

63. Brandt H, Attila P, Ahokas T, et al. Erythromycin acistrate – an alternative treatment for acne. J Dermatol Treat 1994;5:3–5.

64. Gammon WR, Meyer C, Lantis S, et al. Comparative efficacy of oral erythromycin versus oral tetracycline in the treatment of acne vulgaris. A double-blind study. J Am Acad Dermatol 1986;14:183–186. [Abstract]

65. Al-Mishari MA. Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of tetracycline and erythromycin in acne vulgaris. Clin Ther 1987;9:273–280. [Abstract]

66. Cooper AJ. Systematic review of Propionibacterium acnes resistance to systemic antibiotics. Med J Aust 1998;169:259–261. Search date 1998. [Abstract]

67. Plewig G, Petrozzi JW, Berendes U. A double-blind study of doxycycline in acne vulgaris. Arch Dermatol 1970;101:435–438. [Abstract]

68. Skidmore R, Kovach R, Walker C, et al. Effects of subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline in the treatment of moderate acne. Arch Dermatol 2003;139:459–464. [Abstract]

69. Juhlin L, Liden S. A quantitative evaluation of the effect of oxytetracycline and doxycycline in acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 1969;81:154–158. [Abstract]

70. The National Prescribing Centre. The treatment of acne vulgaris: an update. MeReC Bulletin 1999;10:29–32.

71. Sanchez AR, Rogers RS, Sheridan PJ. Tetracycline and other tetracycline-derivative staining of the teeth and oral cavity. Int J Dermatol 2004;43:709–715. [Abstract]

72. Simonart T, Dramaix M, De Maertelaer V. Efficacy of tetracyclines in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a review. Br J Dermatol 2008;158:208–216. [Abstract]

73. Garner SE, Eady EA, Popescu C, et al. Minocycline for acne vulgaris: efficacy and safety. In: The Cochrane Library: Issue 4, 2009. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Search date 2002. [Abstract]

74. Fleischer AB, Dinehart S, Stough D, et al. Safety and efficacy of a new extended-release formulation of minocycline. Cutis 2006;78:21–31. [Abstract]

75. Hersle K, Gisslen H. Minocycline in acne vulgaris: a double-blind study. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 1976;19:339–342. [Abstract]

76. Ólafsson JH, Gudgeirsson J, Eggertsdóttir GE, et al. Doxycycline versus minocycline in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a double-blind study. J Dermatol Treat 1989;1:15–17.

77. Grosshans E, Belaich S, Meynadier J, et al. A comparison of the efficacy and safety of lymecycline and minocycline in patients with moderately severe acne vulgaris. Eur J Dermatol 2010;8:161–166. [Abstract]

78. Bossuyt L, Bosschaert J, Richert B, et al. Lymecycline in the treatment of acne: an efficacious, safe and cost-effective alternative to minocycline. Eur J Dermatol 2010;13:130–135. [Abstract]

79. Piérard-Franchimont C, Goffin V, Arrese JE, et al. Lymecycline and minocycline in inflammatory acne: a randomized, double-blind intent-to-treat study on clinical and in vivo antibacterial efficacy. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 2002;15:112–119. [Abstract]

80. Ozolins M, Eady EA, Avery AJ, et al. Comparison of five antimicrobial regimens for treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory facial acne vulgaris in the community: randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2004;364:2188–2197. [Abstract]

81. Samuelson JS. An accurate photographic method for grading acne: initial use in a double-blind clinical comparison of minocycline and tetracycline. J Am Acad Dermatol 1985;12:461–467. [Abstract]

82. Schlienger RG, Bircher AJ, Meier CR. Minocycline-induced lupus. A systematic review. Dermatology 2000;200:223–231. Search date 1999. [Abstract]

83. Lawrenson RA, Seaman HE, Sundstrom A, et al. Liver damage associated with minocycline use in acne: a systematic review of the published literature and pharmacovigilance data. Drug Saf 2000;23:333–349. Search date 1998. [Abstract]

84. Goulden V, Glass D, Cunliffe WJ. Safety of long-term high-dose minocycline in the treatment of acne. Br J Dermatol 1996;134:693–695. [Abstract]

85. Sturkenboom MC, Meier CR, Jick H, et al. Minocycline and lupuslike syndrome in acne patients. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:493–497. [Abstract]

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87. British National Formulary. http://www.bnf.org/bnf/ (last accessed 26 November 2010).

88. Lane P, Williamson DM. Treatment of acne vulgaris with tetracycline hydrochloride: a double-blind trial with 51 patients. BMJ 1969;2:76–79. [Abstract]

89. Wong RC, Kang S, Heezen JL, et al. Oral ibuprofen and tetracycline for the treatment of acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 1984;11:1076–1081. [Abstract]

90. Peck GL, Olsen TG, Butkus D. Isotretinoin versus placebo in the treatment of cystic acne. J Am Acad Dermatol 1982;6:735–745. [Abstract]

91. Lester RS, Schachter GD, Light MJ. Isotretinoin and tetracycline in the management of severe nodulocystic acne. Int J Dermatol 1985;24:252–257. [Abstract]

92. Goulden V, Clark SM, McGeown C, et al. Treatment of acne with intermittent isotretinoin. Br J Dermatol 1997137:106–108. [Abstract]

93. Barth JH, Macdonald-Hull SP, Mark J, et al. Isotretinoin therapy for acne vulgaris: a re-evaluation of the need for measurements of plasma lipids and liver function tests. Br J Dermatol 1993;129:704–707. [Abstract]

94. Mitchell AA, Van Bennekom CM, Louik C. A pregnancy-prevention program in women of childbearing age receiving isotretinoin. N Engl J Med 1995;333:101–106. [Abstract]

95. Berard A, Azoulay L, Koren G, et al. Isotretinoin, pregnancies, abortions and birth defects: a population-based perspective. B J Clin Pharmacol 2007;63:196–205. [Abstract]

96. Strahan JE, Raimer S. Isotretinoin and the controversy of psychiatric adverse effects. Int J Dermatol 2006;45:789–799. [Abstract]

97. Marqueling AL, Zane LT. Depression and suicidal behavior in acne patients treated with isotretinoin: a systematic review. Semin Cutan Med Surg 2007;26:210–220. [Abstract]

98. Hull PR, D'Arcy C. Isotretinoin use and subsequent depression and suicide: presenting the evidence. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003;4:493–505. [Abstract]

99. Jick SS, Kremers HM, Vasilakis-Scaramozza C, et al. Isotretinoin use and risk of depression, psychotic symptoms, suicide, and attempted suicide. Arch Dermatol 2000;136:1231–1236. [Abstract]

100. Magin P, Pond D, Smith W, et al. Isotretinoin, depression and suicide: a review of the evidence. Br J Gen Pract 2005;55:134–138. [Abstract]

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Web publication date: 5 Jan 2011 (based on February 2010 search)

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